1、Designation: A872/A872M 07a (Reapproved 2012)Standard Specification forCentrifugally Cast Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe forCorrosive Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A872/A872M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers centrifugally cast ferritic/austenitic st
3、eel pipe intended for general corrosive service.These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used forprolonged periods at elevated temperatures.1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are providedwhen additional testing may be required.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
4、are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in each systemare not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be usedindependently of each other. Combining values from the twosystems may result in nonconformance with the specificati
5、on.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-fications of Procedures and PersonnelA781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,Common Requirements, for General I
6、ndustrial UseA999/A999M Specification for General Requirements forAlloy and Stainless Steel PipeE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for GeneralIndustryE1
7、86 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-in. (50.8 to 114-mm) Steel CastingsE280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to12-in. (114 to 305-mm) Steel CastingsE340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and AlloysE446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.(50.8 mm) in Thic
8、kness2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section IX Welding Qualifications32.3 ASTM Adjuncts:Adjunct E186 Reference RadiographsTransparencies inRingbinders, 3 Volumes4Adjunct E280 Reference RadiographsTransparencies inRingbinders, 2 Volumes5Adjunct E446 Reference RadiographsTransparencies inRin
9、gbinders, 3 Volumes63. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include thefollowing, as required, to describe the desired material ad-equately.3.1.1 Quantity (feet metres or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast ferritic/austeniticsteel pipe),3
10、.1.3 Grade (Table 1),3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wallthickness in inches millimetres),3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification A999/A999M),3.1.6 End finish of Specification A999/A999M,3.1.7 Optional Requirements (S1 through S6),1This specification is under the jurisdict
11、ion of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published April 2012. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A872/A872M 07a.DOI: 10.1520/A08
12、72_A0872M-07AR12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Mechanic
13、al Engineers (ASME Interna-tional), Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.4Available fromASTM International Headquarters. Request RRE018601 for VolI, RRE018602 for Vol II, and RRE018603 for Vol III.5Available fromASTM International Headquarters. Request for RRE028001 VolI and RRE028002 for Vol II
14、.6Available fromASTM International Headquarters. Request for RRE044601 VolI, RRE044602 for Vol II, and RRE044603 for Vol III.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United S
15、tates.3.1.8 Test report required (Section 12), and3.1.9 Special requirements or additions to the specification.4. General Requirements4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A999/A999M, unless otherwise prov
16、ided herein.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Manufacture:5.1.1 The pipe shall be made by the centrifugal castingprocess.5.1.2 All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condi-tion as shown in Table 2.5.1.3 MachiningThe pipe shall be machined on the innersurface and may be supplied either machin
17、ed or unmachined inthe outer surface. All machining shall be to a roughness valueagreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat shall be madeby the manufacturer to determine the percentages of elementsspecified in Table 1. The anal
18、ysis shall be made on a testsample taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. Thechemical composition thus determined shall conform to therequirements specified in Table 1.6.2 Product AnalysisA product analysis may be made bythe purchaser. The sample for analysis shall be selected so as tobe t
19、horoughly representative of the pipe being analyzed. Thechemical composition thus determined shall conform to therequirements specified in Table 1.6.3 To determine conformance with the chemical analysisrequirements, an observed value or calculated value shall berounded in accordance with Practice E2
20、9 to the nearest unit inthe last right-hand place of values listed in Table 1.7. Tensile Requirements7.1 TestingSteel used for the castings shall conform to thetensile and hardness requirements specified in Table 3.7.2 Test Specimens:7.2.1 Test bars shall be taken from heat-treated castings.7.2.2 Te
21、nsion test specimens shall be machined to the formand dimensions shown in Figs. 5 or 6 of Test Methods andDefinitions A370.7.3 Number of Tests:7.3.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat.7.3.2 If a specimen is machined improperly or flaws arerevealed by machining or during testing, the speci
22、men may bediscarded and another substituted from the same heat.7.4 RetestsIf the results of the mechanical test for anyheat do not conform to the requirements specified, the castingmay be reheat treated and retested, but this may not be solutiontreated more than twice.8. Quality8.1 The surface of th
23、e casting shall be examined visuallyand shall be free of cracks and hot tears. Other surface defectsshall be judged in accordance with visual acceptance criteriathat may be specified in the order.9. Rework and Retreatment9.1 Defects as defined in Section 9 shall be removed andtheir removal verified
24、by visual inspection of the resultantTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementGradeUNS J93183 UNS J93550UNS J94300CD4MCuMNC 0.030 max 0.030 max 0.04Mn 2.0 max 2.0 max 0.501.50P 0.040 max 0.040 max 0.04S 0.030 max 0.030 max 0.04Si 2.0 max 2.0 max 1.10 maxNi 4.006.00 5.008.00 4.56.0Cr 20.023.0 23.026.0 24.
25、526.5Mo 2.004.00 2.004.00 2.54.0N 0.080.25 0.080.25 0.180.26Cu 1.00 max 1.00 max 1.33.0Co 0.501.50 0.501.50 .TABLE 2 Heat Treatment RequirementsGradeConditionTemperature,F CQuenchingUNS J93183 19202100 10501150 Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansUNS J93550 19202100 10501150 Water quench or r
26、apidcooling by other meansUNS J94300CD4MCuMN1900 minimum Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansA872/A872M 07a (2012)2cavities. Defects that are located by inspection using Supple-mentary Requirement S4, S5, or S6 shall be removed orreduced to an acceptable size.9.2 If removal of the defect does
27、 not infringe upon theminimum wall thickness, the depression shall be blendeduniformly into the surrounding surface.9.3 If the cavity resulting from defect removal infringesupon the minimum wall thickness, weld repair is permittedsubject to the purchasers approval. The composition of theweld rod use
28、d shall be suitable for the composition of the metalbeing welded.9.3.1 Practice A488/A488M or ASME Boiler and PressureVessel Code, Section IX shall be used as a guide for welder andprocedure qualification and shall be by agreement between thepurchaser and the manufacturer. All repair welds shall bei
29、nspected to the same quality standard used to inspect thecasting.10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions10.1 ThicknessThe wall thickness shall not vary over thatspecified by more than18 in. 3 mm. There shall be novariation under the specified wall thickness.11. Rejection11.1 Each length of pipe rec
30、eived from the manufacturermay be inspected by the purchaser and if it does not meet therequirements of the specification based on the inspection andtest method as outlined in the specification, the pipe may berejected and the manufacturer shall be notified. Disposition ofrejected pipe shall be a ma
31、tter of agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.12. Certification12.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,a manufacturers certification that the material was manufac-tured sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with thisspecification, together with a report of th
32、e test results, shall befurnished at the time of shipment.13. Product Marking13.1 Each length of pipe shall be legibly marked with themanufacturers name or brand, the specification number, andthe grade. In addition, heat numbers or special numbers that aretraceable to heat numbers, shall be marked o
33、n each length ofpipe.14. Keywords14.1 casting; centrifugal casting; corrosive service; ferritic/austenitic stainless steel; pipeSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSupplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by the purchaser. Details of thesupplementary requirements shall be agreed upon be
34、tween the manufacturer and the purchaser. Thespecified tests shall be performed by the manufacturer prior to shipment of the castings.S1. Additional Tension TestsS1.1 Additional tension tests shall be made at a temperatureto be specified by the customer, and the properties to be met area matter of a
35、greement between purchaser and manufacturer.S2. Flattening TestS2.1 The flattening test shall be made on specimens fromone or both ends of each length of pipe. If the specimen fromany end of any length fails to conform to the requirements ofSpecification A999/A999M, that length shall be rejected.S3.
36、 Etching TestS3.1 The steel shall be homogeneous as shown by etchingtests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions ofMethod E of Test Method E340. Etching tests shall be made ona cross section from one end or both ends of each pipe and shallshow sound and reasonably uniform material, fr
37、ee of injuriouslaminations, cracks, and similar objectionable defects. If thissupplementary requirement is specified, the number of requiredtests per pipe shall also be specified. If a specimen from anylength shows objectionable defects, the length shall be rejected,TABLE 3 Tensile and Hardness Requ
38、irementsRequirementGradeUNS J93183 UNS J93550UNS J94300CD4MCuMNTensile strength, min, ksi MPa 90 620 90 620 110 760Yield strength, min, ksi MPa 65 450 65 450 70 480Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min,%25 20 20Hardness, max:Brinell 290 297 .Rockwell C 30.5 31.5 .A872/A872M 07a (2012)3subject to removal
39、 of the defective end and subsequent retestsindicating the remainder of the length to be sound andreasonably uniform material.S4. Radiographic ExaminationS4.1 The castings shall be examined for internal defects bymeans of X rays or gamma rays. The inspection procedure shallbe in accordance with Guid
40、e E94 and the types and degrees ofdiscontinuities considered shall be judged by Reference Radio-graphs E186, E280,orE446. The extent of examination andthe basis for acceptance shall be subject to agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.S5. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS5.1 The castings sh
41、all be examined for surface disconti-nuities by means of liquid penetrant inspection. The method ofperforming the liquid penetrant test shall be in accordance withTest Method E165. The areas to be inspected, the methods, andtypes of liquid penetrants to be used, the developing procedure,and the basi
42、s for acceptance shall be as specified on the inquiryor contract or both, or as agreed upon between the manufac-turer and the purchaser.S6. Hydrostatic TestS6.1 Each length of pipe shall be hydrostatically tested inaccordance with Specification A999/A999M. Test pressuremay be mutually agreed upon be
43、tween the manufacturer andthe purchaser.S6.2 It is realized that the foundry may be unable to performthe hydrostatic test prior to shipment, or that the purchaser maywish to defer testing until additional work has been performedon the casting. In such cases, the foundry is responsible for thesatisfa
44、ctory performance of the casting when it is so tested.S7. Charpy Impact TestS7.1 The Charpy Impact Test shall be carried out in accor-dance with the requirements of Specification A781/A781M.The properties shall meet the requirements specified in TableS7.1.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identifi
45、ed the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,A872/A872M 07, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved March 1, 2007)(1) Added requirements for Grade J93550 in Table 2.Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification
46、since the last issue,A872/A872M 05, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved February 1, 2007)(1) Added UNS number to CD4MCuMN in Tables 1-3.(2) Added new Table S7.1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item
47、 mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical commi
48、ttee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a me
49、eting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-
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