ASTM A900 A900M-2001(2006) Standard Test Method for Lamination Factor of Amorphous Magnetic Strip《无定形磁条分层系数的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: A 900/A 900M 01 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Method forLamination Factor of Amorphous Magnetic Strip1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 900/A 900M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, th

2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers measurements of laminationfactor (Note 1) of a specimen composed of strips cut from

3、amorphous magnetic material. It is suitable for the determina-tion of lamination factor for thin, flat case, metallic stripranging in width from 0.25 to 8.00 in. 6.35 mm to 203 mmand in thickness from 0.0005 to 0.005 in. 12.7 to 127 m.NOTE 1Lamination factor is also termed space factor or stackingfa

4、ctor.1.2 The values and equations stated in customary (egs-emuand inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately asstandard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of

5、 the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-formance with this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health

6、 practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Summary of Test Method2.1 The laminated test specimen is oriented and aligned,then subjected to pressure in a compression device. Theresulting volume is then determined from the measured speci-men height, width, an

7、d length. An equivalent solid volume iscalculated from the specimen mass and the true density of thespecimen material. The ratio of the calculated (equivalentsolid) volume to the measured volume is the lamination factor.3. Significance and Use3.1 Lamination factor S indicates the deficiency of effec

8、tivematerial volume which is due to the presence of oxides,roughness, insulating coatings, and other conditions affectingthe strip surface.3.2 This test method is used to predict the fraction of metalthat is included in the volume of the firm coil wound from thespecimen tape.4. Interferences4.1 This

9、 test method is predicated on correctly aligned teststrips and uniform compression during test. Both of theseconditions are difficult to meet whenever the test specimenshave one or more elevated ridges running lengthwise along thesurface of the strip.4.2 This test method also presupposes that the te

10、st speci-mens are free from other defects, such as camber and waviness,that may affect the lamination factor.5. Apparatus5.1 MicrometersTwo types of micrometers are includedfor use in this test method as follows:5.1.1 Motor-Operated, Deadweight (Not Spring) ActuatedMicrometer, conforming to the foll

11、owing requirements:5.1.1.1 The micrometer shall be a deadweight digital- ordial-type micrometer, having two ground and lapped circularsurfaces with a capacity of not less than 0.030 in. 0.75 mm.The movable face or presser foot shall have an area of 0.25 to0.33 in.2160 to 215 mm2 and corresponding to

12、 a diameter ofapproximately 0.56 to 0.65 in. 14.2 to 16.5 mm. The fixedface or anvil shall be of such size that the whole area of thepresser foot is in contact with the anvil in the zero position.5.1.1.2 The surface shall be parallel to within 0.000 05 in.0.0012 mm and the presser foot shall move on

13、 an axisperpendicular to the anvil.5.1.1.3 The presser foot shall exert a steady pressure on thespecimen of 7.0 to 8.0 psi 48 to 55 kPa.5.1.1.4 A digital readout is preferred. If an analog gauge isused, the dial shall be at least 2 in. 51 mm in diameter. It shallbe continuously graduated to read dir

14、ectly to 0.0001 in.0.0025 mm and shall be required with a telltale hand, ifnecessary, recording the number of complete revolutions of thelarge hand.5.1.1.5 The micrometer shall be capable of repeating itsreadings to 0.000 05 in. 0.0012 mm at zero setting or on asteel gauge block.1This test method is

15、 under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 onMagnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA06.01 on TestMethods.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A 900/A 900M 01.1Copyright ASTM In

16、ternational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.1.6 The deviations for the parts of the scale correspond-ing to the specimen thickness measured shall be applied ascorrections to the thickness reading.5.1.1.7 The frame of the micrometer shall be of

17、 such rigiditythat a load of 3 lb 1.5 kg applied to the dial housing, out ofcontact with either the weight or the presser foot spindle, willproduce a deflection of the frame not greater than 0.0001 in.0.0025 mm, as indicated on the micrometer dial.5.2 Manually Operated Deadweight (Not Spring) Actuat

18、edDial-Type Micrometer, conforming to the general requirementsof 5.1.1 to 5.1.1.7.5.3 Holding Fixture, to facilitate the aligning of the teststrips and to hold them aligned during the test, is included foruse on this test method. A sample design is given in AppendixX1.6. Sampling and Test Specimens6

19、.1 Samples shall be obtained from both the beginning andend of spool (or material lot as mutually agreed upon betweenproducer and consumer) and undergo testing separately.6.2 The test specimen shall consist of a stack of identicallength test strips, cut from the sample coil, and shall bebetween 10 a

20、nd 30 in number, depending on the strip thickness,as indicated in 6.5. The strip shall be cut consecutively fromthe sample coil as shown in Fig. 1 and the identical lengthselection shall be within the range of 3 to 5 in. 76 to 127 mm.6.3 Amorphous alloys are manufactured by pouring moltenmetal on a

21、rapidly spinning chill-wheel and periodic thicknessvariations, if any, will be related to the position on the wheelcircumference. To ensure that such variations are properlyaveraged, the total length of tape used in this test should be inmultiples of the wheel circumference.6.4 If the exact chill-wh

22、eel diameter is not known, it can beassumed to be 15 in., that is, 47.12 in. 120 cm in circumfer-ence. Most of the material currently made requires 20 strips forthe lamination factor test; therefore, 12-cm-long test stripswould use exactly two wheel circumferences of sample tape.6.5 The number of la

23、minations needed to maintain the stackheight in the 15- to 30-mil range is indicated as follows:Thickness of Tape, mils (m)Number ofStrips Needed0.500.74 (1319) 300.741.50 (2038) 201.513.00 (3976) 107. Procedure7.1 Select a representative segment from each sample ofmaterial to be tested and cut the

24、required number of strips asspecified in 6.5 to a length as specified in 6.2.7.2 Stack the test strips directly on top of one another in thealigning fixture. Maintain the proper directionally as in Fig. 2.7.3 Align the edges of the strips and secure the stack byclamping.7.4 Determine the maximum thi

25、ckness of the specimenstack by making multiple measurements across the entirewidth, at intervals slightly smaller than the presser foot of themicrometer, to ensure a small overlap in the area covered. Themaximum height measured is recorded and used in the lami-nation factor computation.8. Calculatio

26、n8.1 Using the thickness value measured in 7.4, calculate thepercent lamination factor as follows:S 5mlwdhkwhere:S = lamination factor, % %;m = mass of specimen, g kg;w = width, mm mm;h = thickness, m m;d = density of specimen material, g/cm3kg/m3;l = length of test strips, cm m; andk = equation con

27、stant, 1071011.8.2 Length and width dimensions should be known to anaccuracy of at least 60.25 % and preferably to 60.1 %.9. Precision and Bias9.1 It has been statistically determined that a firm toroid (orcoil) of amorphous ribbon with precisely aligned edges, willhave a lamination factor within 62

28、.0 % of the value predictedby this test method.9.2 The bias of measurement with this method may decreaseto 65.0 % if the thickness variation across the strip width ismore than 10 %.10. Keywords10.1 amorphous material; lamination factor; space factor;stacking factorFIG. 1 Ribbon Length for Lamination

29、 Factor Testing WithReference MarksFIG. 2 Orientation of Stack SpecimenA 900/A 900M 01 (2006)2APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. APPARATUSX1.1 Automatic MicrometerTo measure the laminationfactor on a large number of samples, an automatic micrometermay be preferred. Such equipment has been designe

30、d formeasuring paper thickness (see Fig. X1.1 and Fig. X1.2).X1.2 Holding FixtureA drill-press vise can be modifiedto serve as a suitable sample holder by extending the jaws toconform with the width of the test material (see Fig. X1.3).X1.2.1 The two steel plates should be parallel to each otherand

31、normal to the base. Stainless steel is prefered to avoidcorrosion. The plates should be of sufficient thickness toprevent flexing. A good rule is to use116 in. 1.6 mm ofthickness per 1 in. 25 mm of extension above the vise.X1.2.2 The blunt end of the vise should be ground parallelto the jaw plates a

32、nd the thickness adjusted to align the bottomof the sample stack with the anvil of the micrometer (See Fig.X1.2).NOTEOn the left is a lathe vise, modified with steel plates to extend the reach of jaws, in position for loading and aligning the strips.FIG. X1.1 Automatic Digital Micrometer for Thickne

33、ss MeasurementA 900/A 900M 01 (2006)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the ri

34、skof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of th

35、is standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake

36、 your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by

37、 contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).NOTEThe amorphous strips extend over the anvil of the micrometer.FIG. X1.2 Holding Fixture in Position for Thickness MeasurementFIG. X1.3 Drill-Press Vise Modified With Long Jaws to Serve as aSample Holder for Thickness MeasurementA 900/A 900M 01 (2006)4