ASTM A962 A962M-2010 Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range《低温至蠕变范围内任何温度条件下使用的螺栓组件的一般要求的标准.pdf

1、Designation: A962/A962M 10Standard Specification forCommon Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at AnyTemperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A962/A962M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adop

2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers a group of common require-ments that shall ap

3、ply to carbon, alloy, stainless steel, andnickel alloy bolting under any of the following ASTM Speci-fications (or under any other ASTM Specifications that invokethis specification or portions thereof):Title of Specifications ASTM DesignationAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materialsfor High-

4、Temperature ServiceA193/A193MCarbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for HighPressure and High-Temperature ServiceA194/A194MAlloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low-TemperatureServiceA320/A320MAlloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting MaterialSpecially Heat Treated for High-TemperatureServiceA437/A437MHigh-Temper

5、ature Bolting Materials With ExpansionCoefficients Comparable to Austenitic StainlessSteelsA453/A453MAlloy-Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications A540/A540MPrecipitation-Hardening Bolting Material (UNSN07718) for High Temperature ServiceA1014/A1014M1.2 In case of conflict the requirements

6、of the individualproduct specification shall prevail over those of this specifica-tion.1.3 Additional requirements may be specified by mutualagreement between the purchaser and supplier.1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use at theoption of the purchaser. The supplementary requirements

7、onlyapply when specified individually by the purchaser in thepurchase order or contract.1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound unitsand in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contractspecifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SIunits) the inch-pound units sha

8、ll apply. The values stated ineither SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separatelyas standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining valu

9、es from the two systems may result in noncon-formance with the specification.2. Referenced DocumentsThe following documents shall form a part of this specifi-cation to the extent specified. The latest issue shall apply unlessotherwise specified.2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for Steel Ba

10、rs, Carbon and Alloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and StainlessSteel Bolting Materials for High Temperature or HighPressure Service and Other Special Purpose ApplicationsA194/A194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy SteelNuts for Bolts for High Pressu

11、re or High TemperatureService, or BothA320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and StainlessSteel Bolting for Low-Temperature ServiceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA437/A437M Specification for Stainless and Alloy-SteelTurbine-Type Bolting Specially Heat Trea

12、ted for High-Temperature ServiceA453/A453M Specification for High-Temperature Bolting,with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to AusteniticStainless SteelsA484/A484M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsA540/A540M Specification forAlloy-Steel Bolting fo

13、r Spe-cial ApplicationsA574 Specification for Alloy Steel Socket-Head CapScrewsA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-ods for Steel Products for ShipmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings,

14、 General Re-quirements1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and BoltingMaterials for Piping and Special Purp

15、ose Applications.Current edition approved May 15, 2010. Published June 2010. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A962/A962M09.DOI: 10.1520/A0962_A0962M-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servic

16、eastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Unite

17、d States.A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA1014/A1014M Specification for Precipitation-HardeningFasteners and Fastener Material (UNS N07718) for HighTemperature ServiceE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE381 Method of Macroetch Tes

18、ting Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and ForgingsE384 Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness ofMaterialsE1417 Practice for Liquid Penetrant TestingE1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingE1916 Guide for Identification and/or Segregation of MixedLots of MetalsF788/F788M Specification for Surface

19、Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series2.2 AIAG Standard:3AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Appli-cation Standard2.3 ASME Standards:4B1.1 Screw ThreadsB1.13M Metric Screw Threads M ProfileB1.2 Gages and Gaging for Unified Screw ThreadsB1.3M Screw Thread Gagi

20、ng Systems for DimensionalAcceptability of Metric Screw ThreadsB18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and ScrewsB18.2.3.6M Metric Heavy BoltsB18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws2.4 Other Documents:ASNT Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard

21、:3.1.1 bara solid rolled or forged section that is long inrelationship to its cross-sectional dimensions with a relativelyconstant cross section throughout its length. See SpecificationA29/A29M for definitions relating to the production of hotwrought and cold finished bars.3.1.2 boltingbolting mater

22、ial (rolled or forged bars orblanks, wire, rod, threaded bar, rotary pierced or extrudedseamless tubes, bored bars, or forged hollows from forged orrolled bar segments, to be manufactured into fasteners andfastener components including but not limited to connectors,pins, restraining device component

23、s, and shafts) and fasteners(bolts, nuts, screws, studs, and washers).3.1.3 certifying organizationthe company or associationresponsible for the conformance and marking of the product tothe specification requirements.3.1.4 classa term used to differentiate between differentheat treatment conditions

24、or strength levels, or both, oftenwithin the same grade but sometimes within the same family ofmaterials. May also apply to work hardened condition orstrength level, or both.3.1.5 gradean alloy described individually and identifiedby its own designation in a table of chemical requirementswithin any

25、specification.3.1.6 length, fasteners subject to full size testingthatportion of the fastener whose body diameter is approximatelythe same as the nominal thread size.3.1.7 lotunless otherwise specified, a lot shall consist of:3.1.7.1 bolting, heat treated in batch type furnacesallmaterial of the sam

26、e heat or cast of material, condition, finish,and size subjected to the same heat treatment in one temperingcharge and submitted for inspection at the same time.3.1.7.2 bolting, heat treated in continuous type furnacesall material of the same heat or cast of material, condition,finish, and size heat

27、 treated without interruption in a continu-ous type furnace during an eight hour period.3.1.7.3 bolting, non heat treated (strain hardened)allmaterial of the same heat or cast of material, condition,reduction (cold work), finish and size.3.1.7.4 fasteners, machined from bolting materialall fas-tener

28、s machined from the same lot of material defined asoutlined in either 3.1.7.1 or 3.1.7.2, above without any subse-quent heat treatment or hot or cold forming.3.1.7.5 fasteners, heat treated in batch type furnacesallitems produced by any technique (forming, machining, etc.)from the same heat or cast

29、of material, of the same priorcondition, the same size, and subjected to the same heattreatment in one tempering charge.3.1.7.6 fasteners, heat treated in continuous type furnacesall items produced by any technique (forming, machining, etc.)from the same heat or cast of material, of the same priorco

30、ndition, of the same size, subjected to the same heattreatment in a four hour period and in one tempering charge.3.1.7.7 fasteners, non heat treated (strain hardened)allfasteners of the same heat or cast of material, condition,reduction (cold work), finish and size.3.1.7.8 strain hardened materialau

31、stenitic stainless steelmaterial which has been subjected to cold working sufficient tocause a significant increase in strength.3.2 DefinitionsFor definitions of other terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology A941.4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify

32、 in thepurchase order all information necessary to purchase theneeded material. Examples of such information include, but arenot limited, to the following:4.1.1 Quantity and size,4.1.2 Product specification number with grade, class, type,as applicable, and including the product specification year da

33、te,4.1.3 Any additional information required by the individualproduct specification,4.1.4 Supplementary requirements,4.1.5 Additional requirements (see 5.2, 5.4, 5.5, 6.1, 7.4,13.1, 13.3.1, 13.3.3, 13.5.2, 13.6, 15.8, and 19.1).4.1.6 Additional ordering options provided in the individualproduct spec

34、ification, and3Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.aiag.org.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.5A

35、vailable fromAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.A962/A962M 1024.1.7 Dimensions (diameter, length of point, overall length,finish, shape, threads, etc.).5. Melting Process5.1 Unless otherwise specified in

36、the individual productspecification, the steel shall be fully killed. Use of the basicoxygen process shall be limited to grades containing less than6 % chromium.5.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,it shall be stated on the purchase order.5.3 The primary melting may incorpo

37、rate separate degas-sing or refining and may be followed by secondary meltingsuch as electroslag remelting or vacuum remelting. If second-ary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all of theingot remelted from a single primary heat.5.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be continuously c

38、ast.When steel of different grades is continuously cast identifica-tion of the resultant transition material is required. The steelproducer shall remove the transition material by an establishedprocedure that positively separates the grades. Should thepurchaser deem it necessary to have the transiti

39、on zone of twoheats of the same grade which are continuously cast discarded,the purchaser shall invoke Supplementary Requirement S53.5.5 QualityThe steel producer quality control proceduresshall provide sufficient testing of carbon and alloy steels inaccordance with Method E381 or other suitable met

40、hod asagreed upon between the purchaser and the producer to assurethe internal quality of the product.5.5.1 Ingot Cast ProductVisual examination of transversesections shall show no imperfections worse than the macro-graphs of Method E381 S2-R2-C3 or equivalent as agreedupon.5.5.2 Strand Cast Product

41、Visual examination of traversesections in accordance with Method E381 shall reveal none ofthe conditions shown in macrographs 1-5, 7,12-18 of Plate III.Conditions 6, 8-11 shall not be present to a degree greater thanthe macrographs of Plates I and II, S2-R2-C3.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Bars sh

42、all be produced in accordance with Specifica-tions A29/A29M or A484/A484M as applicable. Finish (hot orcold, ground, rough turned, drawn, etc.) shall be at the optionof the manufacturer unless otherwise specified.6.2 Fasteners shall be produced in accordance with theproduct specification.7. Chemical

43、 Composition7.1 Chemical AnalysisHeat or product chemical analysisshall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, andTerminology A751.7.2 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat of steel shallbe made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentagesof those elements specified in the individu

44、al product specifi-cation. If secondary melting processes are employed, the heatanalysis shall be obtained from one remelted ingot or theproduct of one remelted ingot of each primary melt. Thechemical analysis thus determined shall conform to the require-ments of the individual product specification

45、. Product analysis(check analysis) tolerances shall not be applied to heat analysisrequirements.7.3 Product AnalysisWhen performed, by manufacturer,purchaser, end user, and so forth, samples for analysis shall betaken from midway between center and surface of solid parts,midway between inner and out

46、er surfaces of hollow parts,midway between center and surface of full-size prolongationsor from broken mechanical test specimens. The chemicalcomposition thus determined shall conform to the limits of theproduct specification, within the permissible tolerances foundin Tables 5 and 6 of Specification

47、 A29/A29M and Table 1 ofSpecification A484/A484M as appropriate for the grade beingsupplied. When multiple samples are taken from the same lotfor product analysis individual elements shall not vary bothabove and below the specified range.7.4 For continuous cast materials the requirements of 8.2 or8.

48、3, as appropriate, of SpecificationA788/A788M shall be met.7.5 Steels with intentional additions of lead, bismuth, ortellurium shall not be supplied or used. Steels with intentionaladditions of selenium may only be supplied or used whenspecifically called out in the product specification.7.6 The sta

49、rting material shall not contain any unspecifiedelements, other than nitrogen in austenitic stainless steels, forthe ordered grade(s) to the extent that it then conforms to therequirements of another grade for which that element is aspecified element having a required minimum content.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 Method of Mechanical TestsAll tests shall be con-ducted in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370unless otherwise specified.8.2 For the purpose of determining conformance to theproduct specification requirements, specimens shall be ob-ta