ASTM A962 A962M-2013a Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range《用于从低温至蠕变范围内任何温度的螺栓通用要求标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: A962/A962M 13A962/A962M 13aStandard Specification forCommon Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at AnyTemperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A962/A962M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof

2、 original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements

3、that shall apply to carbon, alloy, stainless steel, and nickel alloybolting under any of the following ASTM Specifications (or under any other ASTM Specifications that invoke this specificationor portions thereof):Title of Specifications ASTM DesignationAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materi

4、alsfor High-Temperature ServiceA193/A193MCarbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for HighPressure and High-Temperature ServiceA194/A194MAlloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low-TemperatureServiceA320/A320MAlloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting MaterialSpecially Heat Treated for High-TemperatureServiceA437/A437

5、MHigh-Temperature Bolting Materials With ExpansionCoefficients Comparable to Austenitic StainlessSteelsA453/A453MAlloy-Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications A540/A540MPrecipitation-Hardening Bolting Material (UNSN07718) for High Temperature ServiceA1014/A1014M1.2 In case of conflict the r

6、equirements of the individual product specification shall prevail over those of this specification.1.3 Additional requirements may be specified by mutual agreement between the purchaser and supplier.1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary

7、 requirements only applywhen specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contractspecifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units) the inc

8、h-pound units shall apply. The values stated in either SIunits or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The valuesstated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the o

9、ther. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.2. Referenced DocumentsThe following documents shall form a part of this specification to the extent specified. The latest issue shall apply unless oth-erwise specified.2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specifi

10、cation for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA193/A193M Specification forAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for HighTemperature or High Pressure Service and OtherSpecial Purpose ApplicationsA194/A194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for H

11、igh Pressure or High Temperature Service, or BothA320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Service1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcomm

12、ittee A01.22on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved April 1, 2013May 1, 2013. Published May 2013June 2013. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 asA962/

13、A962M12.13. DOI: 10.1520/A0962_A0962M-13.10.1520/A0962_A0962M-13a.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM web

14、site.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prio

15、r editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1942

16、8-2959. United States1A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA437/A437M Specification for Stainless and Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Specially Heat Treated for High-TemperatureServiceA453/A453M Specification for High-Temperature Bolting, with Expansion Coeffici

17、ents Comparable to Austenitic StainlessSteelsA484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsA540/A540M Specification for Alloy-Steel Bolting for Special ApplicationsA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shi

18、pmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General RequirementsA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and FerroalloysA1014/A1014M Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Boltin

19、g (UNS N07718) for High Temperature ServiceE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and ForgingsE384 Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of MaterialsE566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting of Ferrous Met

20、alsE1417 Practice for Liquid Penetrant TestingE1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingE1916 Guide for Identification of Mixed Lots of MetalsF788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified M

21、echanical Properties and Performance InspectionF2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,Screws and StudsF2328M Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,Screws a

22、nd Studs (Metric)2.2 AIAG Standard:3AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application Standard2.3 ASME Standards:4B1.1 Screw ThreadsB1.13M Metric Screw Threads M ProfileB1.2 Gages and Gaging for Unified Screw ThreadsB1.3M Screw Thread Gaging Systems for Dimensional Acceptability of Metric

23、 Screw ThreadsB18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and ScrewsB18.2.3.6M Metric Heavy BoltsB18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket ScrewsB18.18 Quality Assurance for Fasteners2.4 Other Documents:ASNT Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bara

24、 solid rolled or forged section that is long in relationship to its cross-sectional dimensions with a relatively constantcross section throughout its length. See Specification A29/A29M for definitions relating to the production of hot wrought and coldfinished bars.3.1.2 boltingbolting material (roll

25、ed or forged bars or blanks, wire, rod, threaded bar, rotary pierced or extruded seamlesstubes, bored bars, or forged hollows from forged or rolled bar segments, to be manufactured into fasteners and bolting componentsincluding but not limited to connectors, pins, restraining device components, and

26、shafts and fasteners themselves (bolts, nuts,screws, studs, and washers).3.1.3 certifying organizationthe company or association responsible for the conformance and marking of the product to thespecification requirements.3.1.4 classa term used to differentiate between different heat treatment condit

27、ions or strength levels, or both, often within thesame grade but sometimes within the same family of materials. May also apply to work hardened condition or strength level, orboth.3 Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd., Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.a

28、iag.org.4 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.5 Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, ht

29、tp:/www.asnt.org.A962/A962M 13a23.1.5 gradean alloy described individually and identified by its own designation in a table of chemical requirements withinany specification.3.1.6 length, fasteners subject to full size testingthat portion of the fastener whose body diameter is approximately the samea

30、s the nominal thread size.3.1.7 lotunless otherwise specified, a lot shall consist of:3.1.7.1 bolting, heat treated in batch type furnacesall material of the same heat or cast of material, condition, finish, and sizesubjected to the same heat treatment in one tempering charge and submitted for inspe

31、ction at the same time.3.1.7.2 bolting, heat treated in continuous type furnacesall material of the same heat or cast of material, condition, finish, andsize heat treated without interruption in a continuous type furnace during an eight hour period.3.1.7.3 bolting, non heat treated (strain hardened)

32、all material of the same heat or cast of material, condition, reduction (coldwork), finish and size.3.1.7.4 fasteners, machined from bolting materialall fasteners machined from the same lot of material defined as outlined ineither 3.1.7.1 or 3.1.7.2, above without any subsequent heat treatment or ho

33、t or cold forming.3.1.7.5 fasteners, heat treated in batch type furnacesall items produced by any technique (forming, machining, etc.) from thesame heat or cast of material, of the same prior condition, the same size, and subjected to the same heat treatment in one temperingcharge.3.1.7.6 fasteners,

34、 heat treated in continuous type furnacesall items produced by any technique (forming, machining, etc.)from the same heat or cast of material, of the same prior condition, of the same size, subjected to the same heat treatment in a fourhour period and in one tempering charge.3.1.7.7 fasteners, non h

35、eat treated (strain hardened)all fasteners of the same heat or cast of material, condition, reduction(cold work), finish and size.3.1.7.8 strain hardened materialaustenitic stainless steel material which has been subjected to cold working sufficient to causea significant increase in strength.3.2 Def

36、initionsFor definitions of other terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology A941.4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in the purchase order all information necessary to purchase the needed material.Examples of such information include, but are not lim

37、ited, to the following:4.1.1 Quantity and size,4.1.2 Product specification number with grade, class, type, as applicable, and including the product specification year date,4.1.3 Any additional information required by the individual product specification,4.1.4 Supplementary requirements,4.1.5 Additio

38、nal requirements (see 5.2, 5.4, 5.5, 6.1, 7.4, 13.1, 13.3.1, 13.3.3, 13.5.2, 13.6, 15.8, and 19.1).4.1.6 Additional ordering options provided in the individual product specification, and4.1.7 Dimensions (diameter, length of point, overall length, finish, shape, threads, etc.).5. Melting Process5.1 U

39、nless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, the steel shall be fully killed. Use of the basic oxygenprocess shall be limited to grades containing less than 6 % chromium.5.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser, it shall be stated on the purchase order.5.3

40、 The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting such aselectroslag remelting or vacuum remelting. If secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all of the ingot remeltedfrom a single primary heat.5.4 Steel may be cast in i

41、ngots or may be continuously cast. When steel of different grades is continuously cast identificationof the resultant transition material is required. The steel producer shall remove the transition material by an established procedurethat positively separates the grades. Should the purchaser deem it

42、 necessary to have the transition zone of two heats of the samegrade which are continuously cast discarded, the purchaser shall invoke Supplementary Requirement S53.5.5 QualityThe steel producer quality control procedures shall provide sufficient testing of carbon and alloy steels inaccordance with

43、Method E381 or other suitable method as agreed upon between the purchaser and the producer to assure theinternal quality of the product.5.5.1 Ingot Cast ProductVisual examination of transverse sections shall show no imperfections worse than the macrographsof Method E381 S2-R2-C3 or equivalent as agr

44、eed upon.A962/A962M 13a35.5.2 Strand Cast ProductVisual examination of traverse sections in accordance with Method E381 shall reveal none of theconditions shown in macrographs 1-5, 7,12-18 of Plate III. Conditions 6, 8-11 shall not be present to a degree greater than themacrographs of Plates I and I

45、I, S2-R2-C3.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Bars shall be produced in accordance with Specifications A29/A29M or A484/A484M as applicable. Finish (hot or cold,ground, rough turned, drawn, etc.) shall be at the option of the manufacturer unless otherwise specified.6.1.1 A sufficient discard shall be

46、made from each ingot to ensure bars do not contain piping or segregation that precludes useof the product to manufacture bolting meeting the requirements of the individual product specifications.6.2 Fasteners shall be produced in accordance with the product specification.7. Chemical Composition7.1 C

47、hemical AnalysisHeat or product chemical analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, andTerminology A751.7.2 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages ofthose elements specified in the individual product spec

48、ification. If secondary melting processes are employed, the heat analysisshall be obtained from one remelted ingot or the product of one remelted ingot of each primary melt. The chemical analysis thusdetermined shall conform to the requirements of the individual product specification. Product analys

49、is (check analysis) tolerancesshall not be applied to heat analysis requirements.7.3 Product AnalysisWhen performed, by manufacturer, purchaser, end user, and so forth, samples for analysis shall be takenfrom midway between center and surface of solid parts, midway between inner and outer surfaces of hollow parts, midway betweencenter and surface of full-size prolongations or from broken mechanical test specimens. The chemical composition thus determinedshall conform to the limits of the product specification, within the permissible tolerances found i