ASTM A962 A962M-2014a Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range《用于从低温至蠕变范围内任何温度的螺栓通用要求的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: A962/A962M 14A962/A962M 14aStandard Specification forCommon Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at AnyTemperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A962/A962M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof

2、 original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements

3、that shall apply to carbon, alloy, stainless steel, and nickel alloybolting under any of the following ASTM Specifications (or under any other ASTM Specifications that invoke this specificationor portions thereof):Title of Specifications ASTM DesignationAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materi

4、alsfor High-Temperature ServiceA193/A193MCarbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for HighPressure and High-Temperature ServiceA194/A194MAlloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low-TemperatureServiceA320/A320MAlloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting MaterialSpecially Heat Treated for High-TemperatureServiceA437/A437

5、MHigh-Temperature Bolting Materials With ExpansionCoefficients Comparable to Austenitic StainlessSteelsA453/A453MAlloy-Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications A540/A540MPrecipitation-Hardening Bolting Material (UNSN07718) for High Temperature ServiceA1014/A1014M1.2 In case of conflict, the

6、requirements of the individual product specification shall prevail over those of this specification.1.3 Additional Fasteners are a wide-ranging classification that includes screws, bolts, nuts, washers, stud bolts, rivets,powder-actuated studs, staples, tacks, and pins. Bolting, which is composed of

7、 bolting materials, such as rods, bars, flats, andforgings, which are subsequently manufactured into bolting components, are a special sub-group of fasteners. Bolting materialsand components have designated compositions and specific properties intended for applications in aggressive service wherecom

8、mercial generic fasteners may not be suitable or have insufficient fitness for purpose under certain conditions. These conditionsinclude cryogenic or high temperature service, or excessive vibration, impact, or shock. To further address any other special serviceconditions where bolting is intended f

9、or use, additional requirements may be specified by mutual agreement between the purchaserand supplier.1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary requirements only applywhen specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or co

10、ntract.1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless units. Unless the purchase orderor contract specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units) the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated ineither SI units or inch-pound units

11、 are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the s

12、pecification.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Appl

13、ications.Current edition approved May 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2014. Published May 2014October 2014. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 asA962/A962M13b.14. DOI: 10.1520/A0962_A0962M-14.10.1520/A0962_A0962M-14A.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to p

14、rovide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof t

15、he standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced DocumentsThe following documents

16、 shall form a part of this specification to the extent specified. The latest issue shall apply unless oth-erwise specified.2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-WroughtA193/A193M Specification forAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolt

17、ing for HighTemperature or High Pressure Service and OtherSpecial Purpose ApplicationsA194/A194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or BothA320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Serv

18、iceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and SystemsA437/A437M Specification for Stainless and Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Specially Heat Treated for High-TemperatureS

19、erviceA453/A453M Specification for High-Temperature Bolting, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic StainlessSteelsA484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsA540/A540M Specification for Alloy-Steel Bolting for Special ApplicationsA

20、700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment (Withdrawn 2014)3A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General RequirementsA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainle

21、ss Steel, Related Alloys, and FerroalloysA967 Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel PartsA1014/A1014M Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Bolting (UNS N07718) for High Temperature ServiceE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE381 Method of Macroetc

22、h Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and ForgingsE384 Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of MaterialsE566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Sorting of Ferrous MetalsE1417 Practice for Liquid Penetrant TestingE1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingE1916 Guide for Identificati

23、on of Mixed Lots of MetalsF788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF812 Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Nuts, Inch and Metric SeriesF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Ins

24、pectionF2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,Screws, Studs, and NutsF2328M Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,Screws, Studs, and Nuts (Metric)2.2 AIAG

25、Standard:4AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application Standard2.3 ASME Standards:5B1.1 Screw ThreadsB1.13M Metric Screw Threads M ProfileB1.2 Gages and Gaging for Unified Screw ThreadsB1.3M Screw Thread Gaging Systems for Dimensional Acceptability of Metric Screw ThreadsB18.2.1 Squa

26、re and Hex Bolts and ScrewsB18.2.3.6M Metric Heavy BoltsB18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket ScrewsB18.18 Quality Assurance for Fasteners2.4 Other Documents:ASNT Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A62 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service

27、at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,

28、Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.aiag.org.5 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6 Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711

29、Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.A962/A962M 14a23. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bara solid rolled or forged section that is long in relationship to its cross-sectional dimensions with a relatively constantcross section throughout its l

30、ength. See Specification A29/A29M for definitions relating to the production of hot wrought and coldfinished bars.3.1.2 boltingbolting materiala general term which includes bolting materials (rolled or forged bars or blanks, wire, rod,threaded bar, rotary pierced or extruded seamless tubes, bored ba

31、rs, or forged hollows from forged or rolled bar segments, tobesegments), which are manufactured into fasteners and bolting components, including but not limited to, connectors, pins,restraining device components, and shafts and fasteners themselves (bolts, shafts, bolts, nuts, screws, studs, and was

32、hers).washers.3.1.3 bolting componentscomponents, such as bolts, nuts, screws, studs, washers, connectors, and pins, are finished productswhich join, fasten, restrain, or position objects.3.1.4 bolting materialsstarting materials used for the manufacture of bolting components, such as rolled or forg

33、ed or threadedsolid bars, blanks, wires, rods, or tubes or other hollow sections, that may be further processed by heat treatment, cold working,forging, threading, or machining.3.1.5 certifying organizationthe company or association responsible for the conformance and marking of the product to thesp

34、ecification requirements.3.1.6 classa term used to differentiate between different heat treatment conditions or strength levels, or both, often within thesame grade but sometimes within the same family of materials. May also apply to work hardened condition or strength level, orboth.3.1.7 gradean al

35、loy described individually and identified by its own designation in a table of chemical requirements withinany specification.3.1.8 length, fastenerscomponents subject to full size testingthat portion of the fastener bolting component whose bodydiameter is approximately the same as the nominal thread

36、 size.3.1.9 lotunless otherwise specified, a lot shall consist of:3.1.9.1 bolting, heat treated in batch type furnacesall bolting material of the same heat or cast of material, condition, finish,and size subjected to the same heat treatment in one tempering charge and submitted for inspection at the

37、 same time.3.1.9.2 bolting, heat treated in continuous type furnacesall bolting material of the same heat or cast of material, condition,finish, and size heat treated without interruption in a continuous type furnace during an eight hour period.3.1.9.3 bolting, non heat treated (strain hardened)all

38、bolting material of the same heat or cast of material, condition, reduction(cold work), finish, and size.3.1.9.4 fasteners,components, machined from bolting materialall fasteners bolting components machined from the same lotof bolting material defined as outlined in either 3.1.7.13.1.9.1 or 3.1.7.23

39、.1.9.2, above without any subsequent heat treatment orhot or cold forming.3.1.9.5 fasteners,components, heat treated in batch type furnacesall bolting component items produced by any technique(forming, machining, etc.) manufacturing process (such as rolling, forging, or machining) from the same heat

40、 or cast of material,of the same prior condition, the same size, and subjected to the same heat treatment in one tempering charge.3.1.9.6 fasteners,components, heat treated in continuous type furnacesall bolting component items produced by any technique(forming, machining, etc.) manufacturing proces

41、s (such as rolling, forging, or machining) from the same heat or cast of material,of the same prior condition, of the same size, and then subjected to the same heat treatment in a four hour period and in onetempering charge.3.1.9.7 fasteners,components, non heat treated (strain hardened)all fastener

42、s bolting components of the same heat or cast ofmaterial, condition, reduction (cold work), finish, and size.3.1.9.8 strain hardened materialaustenitic stainless steel material which has been subjected to cold working sufficient to causea significant increase in strength.3.2 DefinitionsFor definitio

43、ns of other terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology A941.4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in the purchase order all information necessary to purchase the needed material.Examples of such information include, but are not limited, to the followin

44、g:4.1.1 Quantity and size,4.1.2 Product specification number with grade, class, type, as applicable, and including the product specification year date,4.1.3 Any additional information required by the individual product specification,4.1.4 Supplementary requirements,4.1.5 Additional requirements (see

45、 5.3, 5.5, 5.6, 6.1, 7.4, 13.1, 13.3.1, 13.3.3, 13.5.2, 13.6, 15.8, and 19.1).A962/A962M 14a34.1.6 Additional ordering options provided in the individual product specification, and4.1.7 Dimensions (diameter, length of point, overall length, finish, shape, threads, etc.).5. Melting Process5.1 The ste

46、el shall be produced by any of the following processes: basic-oxygen, electric-furnace, or vacuum-induction melting(VIM). The molten steel may be vacuum-treated prior to or during pouring of the ingot or strand casting.5.2 Unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, the steel

47、 shall be fully killed. Use of the basic oxygenprocess shall be limited to grades containing less than 6 % chromium.5.3 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser, it shall be stated on the purchase order.5.4 The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may

48、be followed by secondary melting such aselectroslag remelting or vacuum remelting. If secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all of the ingot remeltedfrom a single primary heat.5.5 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be continuously cast. When steel of different grades is continu

49、ously cast identificationof the resultant transition material is required. The steel producer shall remove the transition material by an established procedurethat positively separates the grades. Should the purchaser deem it necessary to have the transition zone of two heats of the samegrade which are continuously cast discarded, the purchaser shall invoke Supplementary Requirement S53.5.6 QualityThe steel producer quality control procedures shall provide sufficient testing of carbon and alloy steels inaccordance with Method E381 or other suitable method