ASTM A962 A962M-2016b Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range《用于从低温至蠕变范围内任何温度的螺栓通用要求的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: A962/A962M 16aA962/A962M 16bStandard Specification forCommon Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at AnyTemperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A962/A962M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearo

2、f original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements

3、 that shall apply to carbon, alloy, stainless steel, and nickel alloybolting under any of the following ASTM Specifications (or under any other ASTM Specifications that invoke this specificationor portions thereof):Title of Specifications ASTM DesignationAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Mater

4、ialsfor High-Temperature ServiceA193/A193MCarbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for HighPressure and High-Temperature ServiceA194/A194MAlloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low-TemperatureServiceA320/A320MAlloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting MaterialSpecially Heat Treated for High-TemperatureServiceA437/A43

5、7MHigh-Temperature Bolting Materials With ExpansionCoefficients Comparable to Austenitic StainlessSteelsA453/A453MAlloy-Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications A540/A540MPrecipitation-Hardening Bolting Material (UNSN07718) for High Temperature ServiceA1014/A1014M1.2 In case of conflict, the

6、 requirements of the individual product specification shall prevail over those of this specification.1.3 Fasteners are a wide-ranging classification that includes screws, bolts, nuts, washers, stud bolts, rivets, powder-actuatedstuds, staples, tacks, and pins. Bolting, which is composed of bolting m

7、aterials, such as rods, bars, flats, and forgings, which aresubsequently manufactured into bolting components, are a special sub-group of fasteners. Bolting materials and components havedesignated compositions and specific properties intended for applications in aggressive service where commercial g

8、eneric fastenersmay not be suitable or have insufficient fitness for purpose under certain conditions. These conditions include cryogenic or hightemperature service, or excessive vibration, impact, or shock. To further address any other special service conditions where boltingis intended for use, ad

9、ditional requirements may be specified by mutual agreement between the purchaser and supplier.1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary requirements only applywhen specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.1.

10、5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. Unless the purchase order or contract specifies theapplicable “M” specification designation (SI units) the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in either SI units orinch-pound units are to be regarded separately a

11、s standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1 This specificatio

12、n is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approve

13、d May 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2016. Published May 2016December 2016. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2016 asA962/A962M 16.A962/A962M 16a. DOI: 10.1520/A0962_A0962M-16A.10.1520/A0962_A0962M-16B.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an

14、ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as publish

15、ed by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced DocumentsThe following documents shall form a part of

16、this specification to the extent specified. The latest issue shall apply unless oth-erwise specified.2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-WroughtA193/A193M Specification forAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for HighTemperatur

17、e or High Pressure Service and OtherSpecial Purpose ApplicationsA194/A194M Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or HighTemperature Service, or BothA320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Ser

18、viceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA380A380/A380M Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and SystemsA437/A437M Specification for Stainless and Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Specially Heat Treated for High-T

19、emperatureServiceA453/A453M Specification for High-Temperature Bolting, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic StainlessSteelsA484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsA540/A540M Specification for Alloy-Steel Bolting for Special Ap

20、plicationsA700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for ShipmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General RequirementsA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, R

21、elated Alloys, and FerroalloysA967A967/A967M Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel PartsA1014/A1014M Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Bolting (UNS N07718) for High Temperature ServiceE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE381 Method of Macroetch

22、 Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and ForgingsE384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of MaterialsE566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Sorting of Ferrous MetalsE1417E1417/E1417M Practice for Liquid Penetrant TestingE1444E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingE1916

23、Guide for Identification of Mixed Lots of MetalsF788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF812 Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Nuts, Inch and Metric SeriesF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properti

24、es and Performance InspectionF2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,Screws, Studs, and NutsF2328M Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,Screws, Studs, and

25、Nuts (Metric)2.2 AIAG Standard:3AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application Standard2.3 ASME Standards:4B1.1 Screw ThreadsB1.13M Metric Screw Threads M ProfileB1.2 Gages and Gaging for Unified Screw ThreadsB1.3M Screw Thread Gaging Systems for Dimensional Acceptability of Metric Scr

26、ew ThreadsB18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and ScrewsB18.2.2 Metric Heavy Hex NutsB18.2.3.3M Metric Heavy Hex ScrewsB18.2.3.6M Metric Heavy BoltsB18.2.4.6M Nuts for General ApplicationsB18.2.6 Fasteners Used in Structural ApplicationsB18.2.6M Metric Fasteners for Use in Structural ApplicationsB18.3 Hexa

27、gon Socket and Spline Socket Screws2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Automotiv

28、e Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd., Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.aiag.org.4 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.A962/A962M 16b2B18.18 Quality Assurance

29、for FastenersB18.31.2 Continuous Thread Stud, Double-End Stud, and Flange Bolting Stud (Stud Bolt) (Inch Series)2.4 ISO Standards:5ISO 4762 Hex Socket Cap Screw2.5 Other Documents:ASNT Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A63. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 annealing

30、material shall be uniformly reheated to a temperature above the transformation range and, after holding fora sufficient time at this temperature, cooled slowly to a temperature below the transformation range.3.1.2 bara solid rolled or forged section that is long in relationship to its cross-sectiona

31、l dimensions with a relatively constantcross section throughout its length. See Specification A29/A29M for definitions relating to the production of hot wrought and coldfinished bars.3.1.3 boltinga general term which includes bolting materials (rolled or forged bars or blanks, wire, rod, threaded ba

32、r, rotarypierced or extruded seamless tubes, bored bars, or forged hollows from forged or rolled bar segments), which are manufacturedinto bolting components, including but not limited to, connectors, pins, restraining device components, shafts, bolts, nuts, screws,studs, and washers.3.1.4 bolting c

33、omponentscomponents, such as bolts, nuts, screws, studs, washers, connectors, and pins, are finished productswhich join, fasten, restrain, or position objects.3.1.5 bolting materialsstarting materials used for the manufacture of bolting components, such as rolled or forged or threadedsolid bars, bla

34、nks, wires, rods, or tubes or other hollow sections, that may be further processed by heat treatment, cold working,forging, threading, or machining.3.1.6 certifying organizationthe company or association responsible for the conformance and marking of the product to thespecification requirements.3.1.

35、7 classa term used to differentiate between different heat treatment conditions or strength levels, or both, often within thesame grade but sometimes within the same family of materials. May also apply to work hardened condition or strength level, orboth.3.1.8 gradean alloy described individually an

36、d identified by its own designation in a table of chemical requirements withinany specification.3.1.9 length, components subject to full size testingthat portion of the bolting component whose body diameter isapproximately the same as the nominal thread size.3.1.10 lotunless otherwise specified, a l

37、ot shall consist of:3.1.10.1 bolting, heat treated in batch type furnacesall bolting material of the same heat or cast of material, condition, finish,and size subjected to the same heat treatment in one tempering charge and submitted for inspection at the same time.3.1.10.2 bolting, heat treated in

38、continuous type furnacesall bolting material of the same heat or cast of material, condition,finish, and size heat treated without interruption in a continuous type furnace.3.1.10.3 bolting, non heat treated (strain hardened)all bolting material of the same heat or cast of material, condition,reduct

39、ion (cold work), finish, and size.3.1.10.4 components, machined from bolting materialall bolting components machined from the same lot of bolting materialdefined as outlined in either 3.1.9.13.1.10.1 or 3.1.9.23.1.10.2, above without any subsequent heat treatment or hot or cold forming.3.1.10.5 comp

40、onents, heat treated in batch type furnacesall bolting component items produced by any manufacturing process(such as rolling, forging, or machining) from the same heat or cast of material, of the same prior condition, the same size, andsubjected to the same heat treatment in one tempering charge.3.1

41、.10.6 components, heat treated in continuous type furnacesall bolting component items produced by any manufacturingprocess (such as rolling, forging, or machining) from the same heat or cast of material, of the same prior condition, of the samesize, and then subjected to the same heat treatment in a

42、 four hour period and in one tempering charge.3.1.10.7 components, non heat treated (strain hardened)all bolting components of the same heat or cast of material, condition,reduction (cold work), finish, and size.5 Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secre

43、tariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.6 Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.A962/A962M 16b33.1.10.8 solution treat or treatmen

44、t (or solution annealing)material shall be heated to a temperature that causes the carbidesto go into solution and then quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means to prevent re-precipitation.3.1.10.9 stress relievingmaterial shall be uniformly heated to the selected stress relieving temperat

45、ure, held long enough toreduce stresses and then cooled at a rate that will result in the properties required for the material grade and minimize thedevelopment of new residual stresses.3.1.10.10 strain hardened materialaustenitic stainless steel material which has been subjected to cold working suf

46、ficient tocause a significant increase in strength.3.2 DefinitionsFor definitions of other terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology A941.4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in the purchase order all information necessary to purchase the needed mate

47、rial.Examples of such information include, but are not limited, to the following:4.1.1 Quantity and size,4.1.2 Product specification number with grade, class, type, as applicable, and including the product specification year date,4.1.3 Any additional information required by the individual product sp

48、ecification,4.1.4 Supplementary requirements,4.1.5 Additional requirements (see 5.3, 5.5, 5.6, 6.1, 7.4, 13.1, 13.3.1, 13.3.3, 13.5.2, 13.6, 15.8, and 19.1).4.1.6 Additional ordering options provided in the individual product specification, and4.1.7 Dimensions (diameter, length of point, overall len

49、gth, finish, shape, threads, etc.).5. Melting Process5.1 The steel shall be produced by any of the following processes: basic-oxygen, electric-furnace, or vacuum-induction melting(VIM). The molten steel may be vacuum-treated prior to or during pouring of the ingot or strand casting.5.2 Unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, the steel shall be fully killed. Use of the basic oxygenprocess shall be limited to grades containing less than 6 % chromium.5.3 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser, it shall be