ASTM A990 A990M-2011e01 Standard Specification for Castings Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service《防腐设备承压部件专.pdf

1、Designation:A99011A990/A990M11 1 Standard Specication for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service 1 ThisstandardisissuedunderthexeddesignationA990;A990/A990M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatesthe year

2、 of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. e 1 NOTEThis standard was converted to a dual designation in Febr

3、uary 2013. 1. Scope* 1.1 This specication covers iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings specially processed with restricted melt practices, weldability testing, and nondestructive examination (NDE) requirements. 1.2 Anumber of grades of iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings are incl

4、uded in this specication. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosi

5、on-resistant characteristics. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems m

6、ay result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3.1 This specication is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract species the applicable M specication designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. Within the text, the SI units ar

7、e shown in brackets or parentheses. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limi

8、tations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 A351/A351MSpecication for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts A370Test Methods and Denitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products A488/A488MPractice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualications of Procedures and Per

9、sonnel A494/A494MSpecication for Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy A703/A703MSpecication for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts A743/A743MSpecicationforCastings,Iron-Chromium,Iron-Chromium-Nickel,CorrosionResistant,forGeneralApplication A744/A744MSpecication for Cast

10、ings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service A802/A802MPractice for Steel Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Visual Examination A903/A903MSpecication for Steel Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Magnetic Particle and Liquid Penetrant Inspection A941Terminology Relati

11、ng to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys A985/A985MSpecication for Steel Investment Castings General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts E94Guide for Radiographic Examination E165Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry 1 Thisspecicationisundertheju

12、risdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings. Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A99010a. DOI: 10.1520/A0990-11.10.1520/A09

13、90_A0990M-11E01. 2 ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatserviceastm.org.For Annual Book ofASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website. This document is not anASTM standard and is intended onl

14、y to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versi

15、on of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document. *ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States 1E186Reference Radiographs for Heavy-W

16、alled (2 to 4 1 2-in. (50.8 to 114-mm) Steel Castings E272Reference Radiographs for High-Strength Copper-Base and Nickel-Copper Alloy Castings E280Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 1 2 to 12-in. (114 to 305-mm) Steel Castings E446Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm)

17、 in Thickness 2.2 AWS Standards: 3 AWS A5.4,Specication for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding AWS A5.9,Specication for Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods AWS A5.11/A5.11M,Specication for Nickel and Nickel Alloy Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding A

18、WS A5.14/A5.14M, Specication for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods 2.3 ASME/ANSI Standard: 4 ASME/ANSI B16.34,Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End 3. Terminology 3.1 DenitionsThe denitions in Test Methods and Denitions A370 and Terminology A941 are applicable to this spec

19、ication. 3.2 Denitions of Terms Specic to This Standard: 3.2.1 accessible surface, nsurface that can be welded on without cutting access holes in the casting. 3.2.2 rened ingot, nmetal processed by argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD) or vacuum-oxygen-decarburization (VOD) and cast to a size and shape

20、 suitable for remelting. 3.2.3 revert, ngates, risers, and castings. Also includes scrapped machinery and fabricated items, chips, and turnings. 4. General Conditions for Delivery 4.1 Other than investment castings, material furnished to this specication shall conform to the requirements of Specicat

21、ion A703/A703M, including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the generalrequirementsofSpecicationA703/A703Mconstitutesnonconformancewiththisspecication.Incaseofconictbetween the requirements of this specication and Specication A703/A703M,

22、this specication shall prevail. 4.2 Investment CastingsMaterial furnished to this specication shall conform to the requirements of Specication A985/A985M, including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the generalrequirementsofSpecicationA98

23、5/A985Mconstitutesnonconformancewiththisspecication.Incaseofconictbetween the requirements of this specication and Specication A985/A985M, Specication A985/A985M shall prevail. 5. Ordering Information 5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for ma

24、terial ordered to this specication. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following: 5.1.1 Quantity. 5.1.2 Grade designation (Table 1). 3 Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org. 4 Available from American Society of M

25、echanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/ www.asme.org. TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements Element, % (max, except where range is given) Grade CK3MCuN CW-2M CN3MCu M35-1 CW2MC N2M C 0.025 0.020 0.030 0.35 0.020 0.020 Mn 1.20 1.00 1.50 1.

26、50 1.00 1.00 Si 0.75 0.80 1.00 1.25 0.45 0.80 P 0.020 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.015 0.030 S 0.010 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 Mo 6.0-7.0 15.0-17.5 2.0-3.0 . . . 8.0-10.0 30.0-33.0 Fe balance 2.00 balance 3.5 5.0 3.00 Ni 17.5-19.5 balance 27.5-30.5 Balance Balance Balance Cr 19.5-20.5 15.0-17.5 19.0-22.0

27、 . . . 20.0-23.0 1.00 N 0.18-0.24 Cu 0.50-1.00 . . . 3.0-3.5 26.0-33.0 0.50 0.20 W 1.00 . . . . . . 0.50 0.20 V . . . . . . . 0.20 0.20 Cb . . . . . . . 3.1-4.5 . . . A990/A990M11 1 25.1.3 Description of the casting by pattern number or drawing. Dimensional tolerances should be included on the casti

28、ng drawing. 5.1.4 Nondestructive inspection class required (Table 2). Class D will be supplied unless otherwise specied. 5.1.5 Wetted surfaces (Table 2). 5.2 Thepurchasershallspecifyanysupplementaryrequirementsdesired,includingstandardsofacceptance,requiredtodescribe adequately the desired material.

29、 6. Process and Manufacture 6.1 Alloys, except for nickel base, 25 to 35 % Cu alloys, shall be made by one of the two following processes: 6.1.1 Electric arc or induction furnace melting followed by AOD or VOD rening, or 6.1.2 Electric induction furnace melting of rened ingot. 6.2 Nickel base alloys

30、 with 25 to 35 % Cu shall be made by 6.1.1 or 6.1.2 or by electric furnace. 6.3 Additions of up to 5 % are permitted for compositional adjustments and deoxidation. 6.4 Revert shall not be used. 7. Chemical Composition 7.1 These alloys shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed

31、 in Table 1. An analysis of every heat is required. 8. Tensile Properties 8.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat. Test results shall conform to the tensile requirements specied in Table 3. The bar shall be solution heat treated per the requirements of Table 4 in production furnaces to the

32、 same procedure as the castings it represents. If the casting grade does not require heat treatment, the bar used for the test specimen shall not be heat treated. 9. Weldability Qualication 9.1 Each heat shall be qualied by weldability testing. 9.2 Sampling: 9.2.1 The weldability test plate shall be

33、 cast in accordance with Fig. 1. 9.2.2 For heats produced under 6.1.1, at least one weldability test plate shall be cast from each heat. TABLE 2 Nondestructive Examination Requirements Maximum Casting Thickness Class Visual Examination, Practice A802/A802M Minimum Ac- ceptance Level Radiographic Exa

34、mination, Guide E94 Number of Castings Severity Level per Table 6 Liquid Penetrant Examination, Test Method E165 Coverage Minimum Acceptance Level per Specication A903/A903M less than 5 8 in. (15.9 mm) A Level I 100 % All accessible surfaces Level II B Level II 100 % All accessible wetted sur- faces

35、 Level II C Level II Initial casting off pattern Weld repairs Level II D Level II Initial casting off pattern NA NA 5 8 to 1 in. (15.9 to 25.4 mm) A Level I 100 % All accessible surfaces Level III B Level II 100 % All accessible wetted sur- faces Level III C Level II Initial casting off pattern Weld

36、 repairs Level III D Level II Initial casting off pattern NA NA Over 1 to 2 in. (25.4 to 50.8 mm) A Level I 100 % All accessible surfaces Level IV B Level II 100 % All accessible wetted sur- faces Level IV C Level II Initial casting off pattern Weld repairs Level IV D Level II Initial casting off pa

37、ttern NA NA Over 2 to 4 1 2 in. (50.8 to 114 mm) A Level II 100 % All accessible surfaces Level IV B Level II 100 % All accessible wetted sur- faces Level IV C Level III Initial casting off pattern Weld repairs Level V D Level III Initial casting off pattern NA NA Over 4 1 2 in. (114 mm) A Level III

38、 100 % All accessible surfaces Level V B Level III 100 % All accessible wetted sur- faces Level V C Level IV Initial casting off pattern Weld repairs Level V D Level IV Initial casting off pattern NA NA A990/A990M11 1 39.2.3 Forheatsproducedunder6.1.2,atleastoneweldabilitytestplateshallbecastfromthe

39、rstheatinanuninterruptedseries of heats, made in the same furnace from the same heat of rened ingot using the same melting procedure, and shall qualify all of the subsequent heats in that series made in the same shift. 9.3 Procedure: 9.3.1 The test plates required under 9.2 shall be processed and te

40、sted as follows: 9.3.1.1 Prior to welding, the test plate shall be solution heat treated according to the requirements of Table 4 in production furnaces to the same procedure as the castings it represents. 9.3.1.2 All forms of cold working, mechanical deformation, hammering, or peening, in excess of

41、 that required for normal cleaning is prohibited. 9.3.1.3 Fill the groove in the plate with weld deposit according to the procedure used in Section 11 and the ller material grade specied in Table 5. 9.3.1.4 For the purposes of the weldability test only, post weld heat treatment of the test plate is

42、prohibited even if part of the procedure. Remove one 3 8-in. (10-mm) min thick bend coupon longitudinally from the center of the welded plate by machining, sawing, or abrasive cutting. Make a transverse side bend test of the welded joint in accordance with Practice A488/A488M. 9.4 Acceptance: 9.4.1

43、On the bent specimen, cracks or other open defects exceeding 1 8 in. (3.2 mm), measured in any direction on the convex surfaceshallbecauseforrejection,exceptthatcracksoccurringonandlimitedtothecornerswhiletestingshallnotbeconsidered. 10. Nondestructive Examination 10.1 One of four different classes

44、of nondestructive examination shall be imposed on castings ordered to this specication. ClassesA, B, C, and D are dened in Table 2. Each class imposes specic requirements for three different NDE methods. Class D will be supplied unless otherwise specied. 10.2 Visual ExaminationEach casting shall be

45、examined visually in accordance with Practice A802/A802M. Fusion discontinuities,expansiondiscontinuities,andinsertsareunacceptable.Allothersurfacefeaturesmustmeettheacceptancecriteria class in Table 2. 10.3 Radiographic Examination: 10.3.1 The number of castings to be examined radiographically and

46、the acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with the specied class in Table 2 and Table 6. 10.3.2 The extent of coverage shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser. Where applicable, the minimum coverage shall comply with ASME/ANSI B16.34. 10.3.3 Personnel performing the examinat

47、ion shall be qualied in accordance with an acceptable written practice. TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements Grade CK3MCuN CW-2M CN3MCu M35-1 CW2MC N2M Tensile strength, min, psi MPa 80,000 550 72 000 495 62 000 425 65 000 450 70 000 485 76 000 525 0.2 % offset yield strength, min, psi MPa 38,000 260 40 000

48、 275 25 000 170 25 000 170 40 000 275 40 000 275 Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, min, % A 35.0 20.0 35.0 25.0 25.0 20.0 A When ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in Specication A985/A985M, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to 1. TABLE 4 Heat Treat Require

49、ments Grade Heat Treatment CK3MCuN Heat to 2200 to 2265F (1205 to 1240C) for one hour at temperature/1 in. (25 mm) of thickness with a minimum of 4 hours. Quench in water. A CW-2M Heat to 2225 to 2300F 1220 to 1260C for a minimum of 1 h at temperature/1 in. 25 mm of thickness. Quench in water. A CN3MCu Heat to 2050F 1120C min for a min of 1 h at temperature/1 in. 25 mm of thickness. Quench in water. A M35-1 As-cast CW2MC Heat to 2175F 1190C min for a mi