1、Designation: A996/A996M 14A996/A996M 14aStandard Specification forRail-Steel and Axle-Steel Deformed Bars for ConcreteReinforcement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A996/A996M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers rail-steel and axle-steel bars for concrete reinforcement. Three t
3、ypes of product are included,designated with a “rail symbol,” and an “R” for bars made of rail-steel and with an “A” for bars made of axle-steel. The standardsizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number designations are given in Table 1. All sizes and grades of all types maynot be readily
4、available; manufacturers should be consulted to verify availability.1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes,excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.3 T
5、ype “rail symbol” and Type R are of two minimum yield strength levels, namely 50 000 psi 350 MPa and 60 000 psi420 MPa designated as Grade 50 350 and Grade 60 420, respectively. TypeAis of two minimum yield levels, namely 40 000psi 280 MPa and 60 000 psi 420 MPa designated as Grade 40 280 and Grade
6、60 420, respectively.1.4 The weldability of the steel is not a requirement of this specification.1.5 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (Specification A996) or SI units (Specification A996M).1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be re
7、garded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shownin brackets. The values stated must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result innonconformance with the specification.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any
8、, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testi
9、ng of Steel ProductsA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment (Withdrawn 2014)3A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Sp
10、ecifications2.2 Military Standard:4MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.3 Federal Standard:4Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 deformations, nprotrusions on a deformed bar.1 This specification is unde
11、r the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.05on Steel Reinforcement.Current edition approved March 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2014. Published March 2014October 2014. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition a
12、pproved in 20092014 asA996/A996M 09b.A996/A996M 14. DOI: 10.1520/A0996_A0996M-14.10.1520/A0996_A0996M-14A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standar
13、ds Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.This document
14、 is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appr
15、opriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United Sta
16、tes13.1.2 deformed bar, nsteel bar with transverse protrusions; a bar that is intended for use as reinforcement in reinforcedconcrete construction.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe surface of the bar is provided with lugs or protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of the bar relative to the concretesurro
17、unding the bar in such construction. The lugs or protrusions conform to the provisions of this specification.3.1.3 rib, nlongitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar.4. Ordering Information4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material or
18、dered to thisspecification. Such requirements shall include, but are not limited to, the following.4.1.1 Quantity (weight) mass,4.1.2 Name of material (rail-steel or axle-steel deformed bars for concrete reinforcement),4.1.3 Type,4.1.4 Size,4.1.5 Grade,4.1.6 Packaging (see Section 20),4.1.7 ASTM des
19、ignation and year of issue, and4.1.8 Certified mill test reports (if desired).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The bars shall be rolled from standard section Tee rails or from carbon steel axles for railway cars and locomotives. No othermaterials, such as those known by the terms “rerolled, rail-stee
20、l equivalent, and rail-steel quality” shall be substituted.6. Carbon Determination6.1 The chemical analysis of the material, as described below, shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods, Practices,and Terminology A751. For axle-steel product, the manufacturer shall make a determination fo
21、r the carbon content of each axlereceived for manufacture into reinforcing bars. Based on these carbon determinations, all steel axles shall be stocked forsubsequent rolling in separated lots by carbon range. The ranges of carbon shall be determined by the manufacturer as those bestsuited to meet th
22、e mechanical requirements.TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights Masses, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation RequirementsBarDesignationNo.NominalWeight,lb/ftNominalMass,kg/mNominal DimensionsA Deformation Requirements, in. mmDiameter,in. mmCross-SectionalAreain.2 mm2Perimeter,in.
23、mmMaximumAverageSpacingMinimumAverageHeightMaximumGap (Chordof 12.5 % ofNominalPerimeter)3 10 0.376 0.560 0.375 9.5 0.11 71 1.178 29.9 0.262 6.7 0.015 0.38 0.143 3.64 13 0.668 0.994 0.500 12.7 0.20 129 1.571 39.9 0.350 8.9 0.020 0.51 0.191 4.95 16 1.043 1.552 0.625 15.9 0.31 199 1.963 49.9 0.437 11.
24、1 0.028 0.71 0.239 6.16 19 1.502 2.235 0.750 19.1 0.44 284 2.356 59.8 0.525 13.3 0.038 0.97 0.286 7.37 22 2.044 3.042 0.875 22.2 0.60 387 2.749 69.8 0.612 15.5 0.044 1.12 0.334 8.58 25 2.670 3.973 1.000 25.4 0.79 510 3.142 79.8 0.700 17.8 0.050 1.27 0.383 9.7TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers,
25、 Nominal Weights Masses, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation RequirementsBarDesignationNo.BNominalWeight,lb/ftNominalMass,kg/mNominal DimensionsA Deformation Requirements, in. mmDiameter,in. mmCross-SectionalAreain.2 mm2Perimeter,in. mmMaximumAverageSpacingMinimumAverageHeightMaximumGap (Chordof 12.
26、5 % ofNominalPerimeter)3 10 0.376 0.560 0.375 9.5 0.11 71 1.178 29.9 0.262 6.7 0.015 0.38 0.143 3.64 13 0.668 0.994 0.500 12.7 0.20 129 1.571 39.9 0.350 8.9 0.020 0.51 0.191 4.95 16 1.043 1.552 0.625 15.9 0.31 199 1.963 49.9 0.437 11.1 0.028 0.71 0.239 6.16 19 1.502 2.235 0.750 19.1 0.44 284 2.356 5
27、9.8 0.525 13.3 0.038 0.97 0.286 7.37 22 2.044 3.042 0.875 22.2 0.60 387 2.749 69.8 0.612 15.5 0.044 1.12 0.334 8.58 25 2.670 3.973 1.000 25.4 0.79 510 3.142 79.8 0.700 17.8 0.050 1.27 0.383 9.79 29 3.400 5.060 1.128 28.7 1.00 645 3.544 90.0 0.790 20.1 0.056 1.42 0.431 10.910 32 4.303 6.404 1.270 32.
28、3 1.27 819 3.990 101.3 0.889 22.6 0.064 1.63 0.487 12.411 36 5.313 7.907 1.410 35.8 1.56 1006 4.430 112.5 0.987 25.1 0.071 1.80 0.540 13.7A The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight mass per foot metre as the deformed bar.B 9 29 11 3
29、6 axle-steel bars only.A996/A996M 14a26.2 When requested by the purchaser, the manufacturer shall report the carbon range for each lot of bars furnished.7. Requirements for Deformations7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substantially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sid
30、es of thebar shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern.7.2 The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axis of the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45. Wherethe line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis of the bar from 45 to 70 inclusive, the deformations
31、shall reversealternately in direction from those on the opposite side. Where the line of deformations is over 70, reversal in direction shall notbe required.7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformations on each side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of the nominaldiameter of the ba
32、r.7.4 The overall length of the deformations shall be such that the gap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deformationsshall not exceed 12.5 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar. Where the ends terminate in a rib, the width of the rib shall beconsidered as the gap between these ends. The
33、 summation of the gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar.Furthermore, the summation of gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal permeter of the bar. The nominal perimeter of the barshall be 3.1416 times the nominal diameter.7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations sh
34、all conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.8. Measurements of Deformation8.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be determined by measuring the length of a minimum of 10 spaces and dividingthat length by the number of spaces included in the measurement. The measurement shall begin f
35、rom a point on a deformation atthe beginning of the first space to a corresponding point on a deformation after the last included space. Spacing measurements shallnot be made over a bar area containing bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.8.2 The average height of deformations shall be d
36、etermined from measurements made on not less than two typical deformations.Determinations shall be based on three measurements per deformation, one at the center on the overall length and the other twoat the quarter points of the overall length.8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient circumferential c
37、overage, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not constitute cause forrejection unless it has been clearly established by determinations on each lot (Note 1) tested that typical deformation height, gap,or spacing does not conform to the minimum requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejectio
38、n shall be made on the basis ofmeasurements if fewer than ten adjacent deformations on each side of the bar are measured.NOTE 1As used within the intent of 8.3 and 14.1, the term “lot” shall mean all the bars of one bar number and pattern of deformations containedin an individual shipping release or
39、 shipping order.9. Tensile Requirements9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall conform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed inTable 2.9.2 The yield point or yield strength shall be determined by one of the following methods.9.2.1 The yield point shall be determ
40、ined by the drop of the beam or halt in the gage of the tensile testing machine.9.2.2 Where the steel tested does not have a well-defined yield point, the yield strength shall be determined by the offset method(0.2 % offset), as described in Test Methods and Definitions A370.9.3 The percentage of el
41、ongation shall be as prescribed in Table 2.10. Bending Requirements10.1 The bend test specimen shall withstand being bent around a pin without cracking on the outside radius of the bent portion.The requirements for degree of bending and sizes of pins are prescribed in Table 3.10.2 The bend test shal
42、l be made on specimens of sufficient length to ensure free bending and with an apparatus which providesthe following.10.2.1 Continuous and uniform application of force throughout the duration of the bending operation.10.2.2 Unrestricted movement of the specimen at points of contact with the apparatu
43、s and bending around a pin free to rotate.10.2.3 Close wrapping of the specimen around a pin during the bending operation.10.3 It shall be permissible to use other acceptable, more severe methods of bend testing, such as placing a specimen acrosstwo pins free to rotate and applying the bending force
44、 with a fixed pin. When failures occur under more severe methods, retestshall be permitted under the bend test method prescribed in 10.2.A996/A996M 14a311. Permissible Variation in Weight Mass11.1 Deformed reinforcing bars shall be evaluated on the basis of nominal weight mass. The weight mass deter
45、mined usingthe measured weight mass of the test specimen and rounding in accordance with Practice E29, shall be at least 94 % of theapplicable weight mass per unit length prescribed in Table 1. In no case shall overweight excess mass of any deformed bar because for rejection.12. Finish12.1 The bars
46、shall be free of detrimental surface imperfections.12.2 Rust, seams, surface irregularities, or mill scale shall not be cause for rejection, provided the weight, dimensions,cross-sectional area, and tensile properties of a hand wire brushed test are not less than requirements of this specification.1
47、2.3 Surface imperfections or flaws other than those specified in 12.2 shall be considered detrimental when specimenscontaining such imperfections fail to conform to either tensile or bending requirements. Examples include, but are not limited to,laps, seams, slivers, cooling or casting cracks, and m
48、ill or guide marks.13. Test Specimens13.1 All mechanical tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370, including Annex A9.13.2 Tension test specimens shall be the full section of bar as rolled.TABLE 2 Tensile Requirementscolwidth=“0.76in“ colwidth=“0.74in“ colwidth=“0.75in“Grade 40 280 Grade 50 350 Grade 60 420Tensile strength, 70 000 500 80 000 550 90 000 620min, psi MPaYield strength, 40 000 280 50 000 350 60 000 420min, psi MPacolwidth=90.56in9 colwidth=90.55in9 colwidth=90.57in9 colwidth=90.55in9Elong
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