1、Designation: B 100 08Standard Specification forWrought Copper-Alloy Bearing and Expansion Plates andSheets for Bridge and Other Structural Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 100; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requirements forwrought copper-alloy bearing plate
3、 and bearing sheets forapplication in bridges and other structures. Specifically, theplates and sheets are to be used for fixed or expansion bearingswhere the motion is slow and intermittent with pressures notexceeding 3 ksi (20 MPa).1.2 UnitsValues stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as st
4、andard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 248 Specification for General Requirements for WroughtCopper and Copper-Alloy Plate, Sheet Strip, and Rol
5、ledBarB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE9 Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Ma-terials at Room TemperatureE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-alsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of MetallicM
6、aterialsE 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of SpecialBrasses and Bronzes3E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopper Alloys (Photometric Methods)E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper an
7、d Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE 478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of CopperAlloys3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Specification B 248 constitutea part of this specification:3.1.1 Terminology,3.1.2 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,3.1.3 Sampli
8、ng,3.1.4 Number of Tests and Retests,3.1.5 Specimen Preparation,3.1.6 Test Methods,3.1.7 Significance of Numerical Limits,3.1.8 Inspection,3.1.9 Rejection and Rehearing,3.1.10 Certification,3.1.11 Test Reports,3.1.12 Packaging and Package Marking, and3.1.13 Supplementary Requirements.3.2 In addition
9、, when a section with a title identical to oneof those referenced in 3.1 appears in this specification, itcontains additional requirements that supplement those appear-ing in Specification B 248.4. Terminology4.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B 846
10、.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for product to this specification should includethe following information:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. designation (for example,C51000),5.1.3 Dimensions: length, width, thickness (Section 11 andTable 1),5.1.4 Quantity or weigh
11、t for each size,5.1.5 Temper (Section 8),5.1.6 When product produced of Copper Alloy UNS No.C61300 is to be used in applications requiring welding (Table2, footnote B), and1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand CopperAlloys and is the direct responsibility of
12、 Subcommittee B05.01 on Plate,Sheet, and Strip.Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 1935. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B 100 03a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servic
13、eastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
14、2959, United States.5.1.7 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.government (Section 10).5.2 The following options are available under this specifi-cation and should be specified in the contract or purchase orderwhen required:5.2.1 Heat identification or traceability (Section 6.1.2),5.2.2
15、 Certification (Specification B 248), and5.2.3 Test Report (Specification B 248).6. Material and Manufacture6.1 Material:6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be cast bar, slab,cake, billets, and so forth of Copper Alloy UNS No. C51000,C51100, C61300, C61400, or C65500 of such purity andsoundness
16、as to be suitable for processing into the productsprescribed herein.6.1.2 In the event heat identification or traceability isrequired, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by hot working,cold working, and annealing processes as to pr
17、oduce a uniformwrought structure in the finished product.6.2.2 The product shall be hot or cold worked to the finishedsize and subsequently annealed, when required, to meet thetemper properties specified.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical requirementsprescribed in
18、Table 2 for the Copper Alloy UNS No. designa-tion specified in the ordering information.7.2 These compositional limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. By agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser, limits may be established and analysis requiredfor unnamed elements.7.3 Copper
19、, given as the remainder, may be taken as thedifference between the sum of results of all elements analyzedand 100 %.TABLE 1 Thickness and Weight TolerancesOrdered Weight lb/ft2(kg/m2)AWeight Tolerance,%Ordered Thickness, in. (mm)Thickness Tolerance, %Over Under Over UnderPlates and Sheets 20 in. (5
20、08 mm) and Under in Width5.0 to 7.5 (24.4 to 36.6), excl 4.5 3.5 Under18 (3.18) 9 07.5 to 10.0 (36.6 to 48.8), excl 4 318 to316 (3.18 to 4.76), excl 8 010.0 to 12.5 (48.8 to 61.0), excl 4 2.5316 to14 (4.76 to 6.35), excl 7 012.5 to 15.0 (61.0 to 73.2), excl 3.5 2.514 to516 (6.35 to 7.94), excl 6 015
21、.0 to 17.5 (73.2 to 85.4), excl 2.5 2.5516 to38 (7.94 to 9.52), excl 5 017.5 to 20.0 (85.4 to 97.6), excl 2.5 2.038 to716 (9.52 to 11.1), excl 4.5 020 (97.6) or over 2.5 2.0716 to12 (11.1 to 12.7), excl 4B012 to58 (12.7 to 15.9), excl 3.5B058 to34 (15.9 to 19.0), excl 3B034 to 1 (19.0 to 25.4), excl
22、 2.5B01 (25.4) or over 2.5B0Plates and Sheets Over 20 in. (508 mm) in WidthAll weights 5.0 5.0 All thicknesses 10.0 0AFor purposes of calculating weights, cross section, etc., the density of rolled phosphor bronze (Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C51000 and C51100) shall be taken as 0.320lb/in.3(8.86 g/cm3) a
23、nd the density of rolled copper silicon alloy (Copper Alloy UNS No. C65500) as 0.308 lb/in.3(8.53 g/cm3).BThese “Over” thickness tolerances apply to plates and sheets 10 in. (254 mm) and under in width. For plates and sheets over 10 to 20 in. (254 to 508 mm), incl. inwidth the “Over” thickness toler
24、ances shall be as follows:Ordered Thickness, in. (mm)Thickness Tolerance, Over, %716 to58 (11.1 to 15.9), excl4.558 to34 (15.9 to 19.0), excl.4.034 (19.0) or over.3.5TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition %C51000 C51100 C61300 C61400 C65500Copper (incl Silver) remainder remainder remainder
25、remainder remainderPhosphorus 0.030.35 0.030.35 0.015 max. 0.015 max. .Tin 4.25.8 3.54.9 0.200.50 . .Silicon . . 0.10 max. . 2.83.8Aluminum . . 6.07.5 6.08.0 .Iron 0.10 max. 0.10 max. 2.03.0 1.53.5 0.8 max.Manganese . . 0.20 max. 1.0 max. 0.51.3Zinc, max. 0.30 0.30 0.10 0.20 1.5 max.Lead, max. 0.05
26、0.05 0.01 0.01 0.05Nickel, max. . . 0.15A. 0.6AOther named elements . .B. .ANi value includes Co.BWhen the product is for subsequent welding applications and is so specified by the purchaser, chromium, cadmium, zirconium, and zinc shall each be 0.05 % max.B1000827.4 When all elements listed in Table
27、 2 for the specifiedCopper Alloy UNS No. designation are determined, the sum ofresults shall be 99.5 % min except for C61300 which shall be99.8 %.8. Temper8.1 The temper of product furnished to this specification,and as defined in Practice B 601, shall be as follows:UNS Alloy No. TemperC51000 H03 (3
28、4 hard)C51100 H03 (34 hard)C65500 H01 (14 hard)C61300 M20 (as hot rolled) or 061 (annealed)C61400 M20 (as hot rolled) or 061 (annealed)9. Mechanical Property Requirements9.1 Product in final form shall conform to the requirementsof Table 3.9.1.1 Product in plate form less than34 in. (20 mm) inthickn
29、ess and product in sheet form shall conform to the tensilerequirements when tested in accordance with Test Method E8.9.1.2 Product in plate form34 in. (20 mm) or over inthickness shall conform to either tensile or compressionrequirements when tested in accordance with Test Method E8or Test Method E9
30、respectively.9.1.2.1 In case of dispute, Test Method E8shall govern.9.1.3 The properties of product over 18 in. (460 mm) inwidth and over34 in. (20 mm) in thickness shall be subject toagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.10. Purchases for U.S. Government Agencies10.1 When identified
31、in the contract or purchase order,product purchased for agencies of the U.S. government shallconform to the requirements stipulated in the SupplementalRequirements section of Specification B 248.11. Dimensions, Mass and Permissible Variations11.1 For the purpose of determining conformance with thedi
32、mensional requirements prescribed in this specification, anymeasured value outside the specified limiting values for anydimensions may be cause for rejection.11.2 The thickness of the plates and sheets may be specifiedby weight per square foot (metre) or in common or decimalfractions of an inch (mil
33、limetre). The plates and sheets shallconform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1 as totolerances in weight and thickness.11.3 Length tolerances for square sheared metal in allwidths 120 in. (3048 mm) and under shall be 6116 in. (1.56mm). When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus,d
34、ouble the values given.11.4 Length tolerances for sawed metal for all widths up toand including 120 in. (3048 mm) shall be 614 in. (6.35 mm).When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, doublethe values given.11.5 Width tolerances for square sheared metal or sawedmetal for widths up to an
35、d including 120 in. (3048 mm) for allthicknesses shall be 6116 in. (1.56 mm). When tolerances arespecified as all plus or all minus, double the values given.12. Sampling12.1 Other Tests:12.1.1 Samples used for the preparation of tensile testspecimen shall be taken so that the longitudinal axis of su
36、chspecimen is parallel to the direction of rolling.13. Number of Tests and Retests13.1 Tests:13.1.1 Chemical AnalysisChemical composition shall bedetermined as the average of at least two replicate determina-tions of each specified element.13.1.2 Other TestsTensile, compression and hardness testresu
37、lts shall be reported as the average of results obtained fromat least two sample portions selected and each specimen mustmeet the requirements of this specification.13.2 Retests:13.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer or supplier, aretest shall be permitted should test results obtained by thepurch
38、aser fail to conform with specification requirements.13.2.2 Retesting shall be as directed in the product specifi-cation for the initial test(s), except that the number of testspecimens shall be twice that normally required for the test.13.2.3 Test results for all specimens shall conform to theprodu
39、ct specification requirements in retest and failure toconform shall be cause for lot rejection.14. Specimen Preparation14.1 Chemical Composition:14.1.1 Preparation of the test specimen for chemical analy-sis shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.14.1.2 In case of dispute, the sampl
40、e preparation shall be inaccordance with Practice E 255.14.2 Tensile:14.2.1 The test specimens shall be prepared in accordancewith Test Method E8, Figs. 7 or 8. The longitudinal axis of thespecimen shall be parallel to the direction of rolling.14.3 Compression:14.3.1 The specimen shall be 1 in.2(645
41、 mm2) in cross-sectional area and the height shall be the thickness of the platefrom which the sample is taken.14.4 Hardness:14.4.1 The test specimen shall be of a size and shape topermit testing by available test equipment and shall be taken topermit testing in a plane parallel or perpendicular to
42、thedirection of deformation given to the product.TABLE 3 Mechanical RequirementsTensionTensile strength, min, ksiA(MPaB) 60 (415)Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, % 10CompressionYield strength (0.1 % offset) min, ksiA(MPaB) 25 (170)Permanent set under 100 ksiA(690) MPaB)% 620HardnessPlates14 in. (
43、6.35 mm) and over in thickness,Brinell, min130 HBPlates under14 in. (6.35 mm) in thickness,Rockwell, min75 HRBAksi = 1000 psi.BSee Appendix.B10008314.4.2 The surface of the test specimen shall be sufficientlysmooth and even to permit the accurate determination ofhardness.14.4.3 The test specimen sha
44、ll be free from scale andforeign matter and care shall be taken to avoid any change incondition, for example, heating or cold working.15. Test Methods15.1 Chemical Analysis:15.1.1 Chemical composition shall be determined, in case ofdisagreement, by the following appropriate method:Element Test Metho
45、dAluminum E 478Copper E 478Iron (0.003 to 1.25 %) E 478Iron(1.0to5.0%) E54Lead E 478 (AA)Manganese E62Nickel E 478 (Photometric)Phosphorus E62Silicon E54(Sulfuric acid)Tin E 478Zinc E 478 (AA)15.1.2 Test method(s) for the determination of element(s)required by contractual or purchase order agreement
46、 shall be asagreed upon between the manufacturer or supplier and thepurchaser.15.2 The product furnished shall conform to the mechanicalproperty requirements enumerated in this specification whentested in accordance with the following appropriate method:Test Test MethodTensile E8Compression E9Rockwe
47、ll Hardness E18Brinell Hardness E1015.2.1 Tensile requirements shall be determined from fullsize specimens when practical. Whenever results are obtainedfrom full size and machined specimens and they differ, theresults of the full size specimen shall be used.15.2.1.1 Although a considerable range of
48、testing speed inpermitted, the rate of stressing to yield strength should notexceed 100 ksi/min (690 MPa/min). Above the yield strength,the movement per minute of the testing machine head underload should not exceed 0.5 in./in. (0.5 mm/mm) of gage length(or distance between grips for full section sp
49、ecimens).15.2.1.2 Elongation shall be determined as specified in thefirst two subsections of the section “Elongation” of TestMethod E8.15.2.2 Yield strength for compression requirements shall bedetermined by successive application and releases of the loaduntil 0.1 % offset is determined.16. Rejection and Rehearing16.1 RejectionRefer to Specification B 248.16.2 Rehearing:16.2.1 When notified of product rejection, the manufacturer,or supplier, may make claim for a retest to be conducted by themanufacturer, or supplier, and the purchaser
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