ASTM B22-2009 Standard Specification for Bronze Castings for Bridges and Turntables.pdf

1、Designation: B22 09Standard Specification forBronze Castings for Bridges and Turntables1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B22; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in

2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes requirements for bronzecastings

3、 for turntables, movable bridges and bridge parts, andbronze castings suitable for use in bridges and other structuresfor fixed and expansion bearings in which motion is slow andintermittent. The following Copper Alloys are specified: UNSNo. C86300, C90500, C91100, C91300, and C93700.NOTE 1Historica

4、lly, the alloys in this specification have been used inthe applications listed in Appendix X1. Actual practice may vary.21.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eac

5、hsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to esta

6、blish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents in the current issue of theBook of Standards form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3

7、B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens forCopper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, andContinuous CastingsB824 Specification for General Requirements for CopperAlloy CastingsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of MetallicMaterialsE10

8、 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper alloys

9、, refer toTerminology B846.4. General Requirements4.1 The following sections of Specification B824 form apart of this specification. In the event of a conflict between thisspecification and Specification B824, the requirements of thisspecification shall take precedence.4.1.1 Terminology (Section 3),

10、4.1.2 Other Requirements (Section 7),4.1.3 Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations (Sec-tion 8),4.1.4 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance (Section 9),4.1.5 Sampling (Section 10),4.1.6 Number of Tests and Retests (Section 11),4.1.7 Specimen Preparation (Section 12),4.1.8 Test Methods (Section 13

11、),4.1.9 Significance of Numerical Limits (Section 14),4.1.10 Inspection (Section 15),4.1.11 Rejection and Rehearing (Section 16),4.1.12 Certification (Section 17),4.1.13 Test Report (Section 18),4.1.14 Product Marking (Section 19),4.1.15 Packaging and Package Marking (Section 20),4.1.16 Keywords (Se

12、ction 21), and4.1.17 Supplementary Requirements.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Or

13、iginallyapproved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B22 08.This specification was prepared in cooperation with representatives of theAmerican Association of State Highway Officials and the American RailwayEngineering Association. DOI: 10.1520/B0022-09.2The UNS system for copper and c

14、opper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.ast

15、m.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO B

16、ox C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when placing orderfor castings products under this specification:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example,B22-95),5.1.2 Number of castings or total weight, for each size

17、 andform,5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS Number (see Table 1), and5.1.4 Pattern or drawing number and condition (as-cast,machined, and so forth).5.1.5 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S.government, the Supplementary Requirements in SpecificationB824 may be specified.5.2 The following are opti

18、onal and should be specified inthe purchase order when required:5.2.1 Chemical analysis of residual elements (see 7.6),5.2.2 Soundness requirements (Specification B824),5.2.3 Certification (Specification B824),5.2.4 Foundry test report (Specification B824),5.2.5 Witness inspection (Specification B82

19、4), and5.2.6 Product marking (Specification B824).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material(s):6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be a casting ofCopper Alloy UNS No.(s) C86300, C90500, C91100, C91300,or C93700 of such purity and soundness as to be suitable forprocessing in to the products prescr

20、ibed herein.6.1.2 In the event heat identification or traceability isrequired, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by such castingmethods to produce a uniform finished product.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The castings shall conform to

21、 the compositional require-ments for named elements as shown in Table 1 for the CopperAlloy UNS Numbers specified in the purchase order.7.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits may be established and analysisrequired for unnamed elements agreed upon betwee

22、n themanufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.7.3 Copper or zinc may be taken as the difference betweenthe sum of all elements determined and 100 % for CopperAlloy UNS No. C86300.7.4 Copper may be taken as the difference between the sumof all elements determined and 100 % for Copper Alloy UNSNos.

23、C90500, C91100, C91300, and C93700.7.5 When all named elements listed in Table 1 are deter-mined their sum shall be as given in Table 2.7.6 It is recognized that residual elements may be present incast copper-base alloys. Analysis shall be made for residualelements only when specified in the inquiry

24、 or purchase order.8. Mechanical Property Requirements8.1 Mechanical properties shall be determined from castings(continuous casting method) or separately cast test bars (sand,centrifugal, etc., casting methods) and shall meet the require-ments shown in Table 3.8.2 The deformation limit in compressi

25、on shall be deter-mined as that load which produces a permanent set of 0.001 in.(0.025 mm) in the compression test specimen described in 9.3.8.3 The yield strength in tension shall be determined as thestress producing an elongation under load of 0.5 %, that is,0.01 in. (0.254 mm) in a gage length of

26、 2 in. (50.8 mm).8.4 Finished castings in Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300shall be tested for Brinell hardness.8.5 One compression test shall be made from each lot forCopper Alloy UNS Nos. C91100 and C91300 castings and onetension test from each lot for Copper Alloy UNS No. C90500castings. For Copper All

27、oy UNS No. C86300 castings, onetension test, one compression test, and two hardness tests shallbe made for each four castings from the same lot and the samepattern. For castings of any grade weighing over 100 lb (45 kg)finished, the specified tests shall be made for each casting.9. Sampling9.1 Sampl

28、ing shall be accordance with the requirements ofPractice E255.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopperAlloyUNSNo.Composition, % max, except as indicatedMajor Elements Residual ElementsCopper Tin Lead Zinc IronNickelIncludingCobaltAlumi-numMan-ganeseIronAnti-monyNickelIncl.CobaltSulfurPhos-pho-rusAlu-mi-n

29、umSili-conC86300 60.066.0A0.20 0.20 22.028.0 2.04.0 . 5.07.5 2.55.0 . . 1.0 . . . .C90500 86.089.0A9.011.0 0.30 1.03.0 . 1.0 . . 0.20 0.20 . 0.05 0.05B0.005 0.005C91100 82.085.0A15.017.0 0.25 0.25 . 0.50 . . 0.25 0.20 . 0.05 1.0B0.005 0.005C91300 79.082.0A18.020.0 0.25 0.25 . 0.50 . . 0.25 0.20 . 0.

30、05 1.0B0.005 0.005C93700 78.082.0A9.011.0 8.011.0 0.8 . 0.50 . . 0.7C0.50 . 0.08 0.10B0.005 0.005AIn determining copper minimum, copper may be calculated as copper plus nickel.BFor continuous castings, phosphorus shall be 1.5 % max.CFe shall be .35 % max. when used for steel-backed.TABLE 2 Sum of Al

31、l Named Elements AnalyzedElements, % minCopper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus NamedC86300 99.0C90500 99.7C91100 99.4C91300 99.4C93700 99.0B220929.2 CopperAlloy UNS No. C86300 test bar castings shall becast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 ofPractice B208. For all other alloys listed in

32、 this specification,test bars shall be cast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig.2, Fig. 3, or Fig. 4 of Practice B208.9.3 Compression test specimens for Copper Alloy UNS No.C86300, C91100, and C91300 shall be cylinders 1 in.2(506.7mm2) in cross-sectional area, and 1 in. (25.4 mm) in height andsh

33、all be cast as an integral part of the casting and shall be fedand cooled under the same conditions as the casting.10. Test Methods10.1 Analytical chemical methods are given in SpecificationB824.10.2 Brinell hardness testing of Copper Alloy UNS No.C86300 castings shall be performed in accordance wit

34、h TestMethod E10 with the exception that the load shall be 3000 kgand shall be applied for 30 s to a finished plane surface.10.3 Test methods to be followed for the determination ofelements resulting from contractual or purchase order agree-ment shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer orsup

35、plier and the purchaser.11. Casting Repair11.1 The castings shall not be repaired without approval ofthe purchaser.12. Keywords12.1 bridge plates; bronze castings; copper-alloy castings;copper-base alloy castings; expansion bearingsTABLE 3 A Mechanical Requirements (As Sand Cast)TemperCopper AlloyUN

36、S No.Tensile Strength, min.Yield Strength, at 0.5 % ExtensionUnder Load, minElongation in2 in. (50 mm), %Brinell Hardness,minCompression DeformationLimit, minksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BM01 C86300 110 (760) 60 (415) 12 223 (3000 kg) 55 (380)M01 C90500 40 (275) 18 (125) 20 . . .M01 C91100 35C(240)C

37、25C(170)C2C135C18 (125)M01 C91300 35C(240)C30C(205)C0C170C24 (165)M01 C93700 30 (205) 12 (85) 15 . . .CTYP Value.TABLE 3 B Mechanical Requirements (As Centrifugal Cast)TemperCopper AlloyUNS No.Tensile Strength, min.Yield Strength, at 0.5 % ExtensionUnder Load, minElongation in2 in. (50 mm), %Brinell

38、 Hardness,minCompression DeformationLimit, minksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BM02 C86300 110 (760) 60 (415) 12 223 (3000 kg) 55 (380)M02 C90500 40 (275) 18 (125) 20 . . .M02 C91100 . . . . . . 18 (125)M02 C91300 . . . . . . 24 (165)M02 C93700 30 (205) 12 (85) 15 . . .TABLE 3 C Mechanical Requirements

39、(As Continuous Cast)TemperCopper AlloyUNS No.Tensile Strength, min.Yield Strength, at 0.5 % ExtensionUnder Load, minElongation in2 in. (50 mm), %Brinell Hardness,minCompression DeformationLimit, minksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BM07 C86300 110 (760) 62 (425) 14 55 (380)M07 C90500 44 (305) 25 (170) 10

40、 . . .M07 C91100 . . . . . . 18 (125)M07 C91300 . . . . . 160 24 (165)M07 C93700 35 (240) 20 (140) 6 . . .A1 ksi = 1000 psi.BSee Appendix X1.B22093APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. APPLICATIONS FOR ALLOYS IN THIS STANDARDX1.1 The alloys in this specification have historically beenused in the f

41、ollowing applications. This information is pro-vided for “information only” and should not be considered asrecommendations.X1.1.1 Copper Alloy UNS No. C91300 (Formerly AlloyA)For contact with hardened steel disks at low speeds underpressures not over 3 ksi (20 MPa), for example, disk-bearingmetals u

42、sed in center-bearing swing bridges.X1.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. C91100 (Formerly AlloyB)For contact with hardened steel disks at low speeds underpressures not over 2.5 ksi (17 MPa), for example, disk-bearingmetals used in turntable and center-bearing swing bridges; forcontact with steel (tensile str

43、ength 60 ksi (415 MPa), min) atlow speeds under pressures not over 1.5 ksi (10 MPa), forexample, trunnions of movable bridges; and for bearing andexpansion plates under pressures not to exceed 2.5 ksi.X1.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. C90500 (Formerly AlloyD)For gears, worm wheels, nuts, and similar parts

44、 that aresubjected to other than compressive stresses.X1.1.4 Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300 (Formerly AlloyE)For bushings for bridge pins and similar applications inwhich angular movement is slight and compressive stressesmay attain 8 ksi (55 MPa).X1.1.5 Copper Alloy UNS No. C93700 (Formerly AlloyC)For

45、 ordinary machinery bearings and for bearing andexpansion plates under pressures not to exceed 1 ksi (6.9 MPa).X2. METRIC EQUIVALENTSX2.1 The SI unit for strength properties now shown is inaccordance with the International System of Units (SI). Thederived SI unit for force is the newton (N), which i

46、s defined asthat force which, when applied to a body having a mass of 1 kg,gives it an acceleration of 1 m/s2(N = kgm/s2). The derivedSI unit for pressure or stress is the newton per square metre(N/m2), which has been named the pascal (Pa) by the GeneralConference on Weights and Measures. Since 1 ks

47、i = 6 894 757Pa, the metric equivalents are expressed as megapascal (MPa),which is the same as MN/m2and N/mm2.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B22 08)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved October 1, 2

48、009.)(1) Removed Table 3. Added Table 3A, Table 3B, and Table3C.Committee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B22 02)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved October 1, 2008.)(1) Comprehensive 5-year review completed. Some rewordingto

49、 conform to the new Form and Style for ASTM Standards(Blue Book). Grammar and Spelling mistakes were corrected.(2) Table 1, Chemical Requirements, has been changed toreflect the current CDA Standard Designations. Some requiredchemical compositions have been changed.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights,