ASTM B224-2004 Standard Classification of Coppers《铜的标准分类》.pdf

1、Designation: B 224 04Standard Classification ofCoppers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year

2、 of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This is a classification of the various types of coppercurrently available in refinery shapes and wrought products incommercial quantities. It is not a specification for the

3、 varioustypes of copper.1.2 In this classification, use is made of the standard copperdesignations in use by the copper industry.1.3 Although this classification includes certain UNS des-ignations as described in Practice E 527, these designations arefor cross-reference only and are not requirements

4、. Therefore, incase of conflict, this ASTM classification shall govern.1.4 This classification does not attempt to differentiatebetween all compositions that could be termed either coppersor copper-base alloys, but in conformance with general usagein the trade, includes those coppers in which the co

5、pper isspecified as 99.85 % or more, silver being counted as copper.NOTE 1Coppers may contain small amounts of certain elementsintentionally permitted to impart specific properties, without excessivelylowering electrical conductivity. The total copper plus specific permittedelements is usually speci

6、fied as 99.85 % or more. These intentionallypermitted elements normally include, but are not limited to, arsenic,cadmium, chromium, lead, magnesium, silver, sulfur, tellurium, tin, zinc,and zirconium, plus deoxidizers, up to specific levels adopted by theInternational Standards Organization.1.5 Unit

7、sThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 5 Specification for High Conductivity Tou

8、gh Pitch Cop-per Refinery ShapesB 115 Specification for Electrolytic Copper CathodeB 170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery ShapesB 216 Specification for Tough-Pitch Fire-Refined Copperfor Wrought Products and Alloys-Refinery ShapesB 379 Specification for Phosphorized CoppersR

9、efineryShapesE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)F 68 Specification for Oxygen-Free Copper in WroughtForms for Electron Devices3. Terminology3.1 Appendix X1 describes the terms used in designatingthe various coppers listed.3.2 Appendix X2 describes the refinery shapes.3.3 Appendix X3

10、 describes the fabricators forms.4. Significance and Use4.1 This classification lists the types of copper availablefrom refineries or fabricators, or both, defines the commonterms used, and gives the characteristics of many of thecoppers available. It is useful to the neophyte looking for theappropr

11、iate copper for a particular application.5. Basis of Classification5.1 Table 1 lists the standard designations, and the refineryshapes and fabricators products currently produced. The listedcoppers are not necessarily available in the complete range ofsizes in the form shown, nor from any one suppli

12、er in all forms.5.2 Existing ASTM specifications for refinery copper andfor wrought copper products may cover more than one of thecoppers listed in Table 1 or may include only part of the rangecovered by any one of the coppers shown in this classification.6. Keywords6.1 classification, coppers1This

13、classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 onCopper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.07on Refined Copper.Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originallyapproved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as B 224 98

14、.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this st

15、andard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.TABLE 1 Classification of CoppersNOTE 1Table 1 lists the standard designations, refinery shapes, and fabricators products.DesignationsType of CopperAUNS Nos.BForm in which Copper

16、is AvailableCFrom RefinersDFrom FabricatorsEWire Bars Billets CakesIngotsandIngotBarsFlat Prod-uctsPipeandTubeRodandWireShapesCATH Electrolytic cathode Cathodes onlyTough-Pitch CoppersETP Electrolytic tough-pitch C11000 XXXXX X X XRHC Remelted, high-conductivity tough pitch C11010ETP Electrolytic to

17、ugh-pitch (anneal resist) C11100 X X X X X X XFRHC Fire-refined, high-conductivity tough-pitch C11020 XXXXXSTP Silver-bearing, tough-pitch C11300,C11400,C11500,C11600X X XFRTP Fire-refined, tough-pitch C12500 XXXX X X XFRSTP Fire-refined tough-pitch with silver C12900Oxygen-Free Coppers (Without use

18、 of Deoxidants)OFE Oxygen-free, electronic C10100 X X X X X X XOF Oxygen-free C10200 X X X X X X XOFS Oxygen-free, silver-bearing C10400,C10500,C10700XXXOFXLP Oxygen-free, extra low phosphorus C10300 X X X X X X XOFLP Oxygen-free, low-phosphorus C10800 X X X X X X XDeoxidized CoppersDLP Phosphorized

19、, low-residual phosphorus C12000 X X X X XDLPSFPhosphorized, low-residual phosphorus silver-bearingC12100 X X X X XDHPGPhosphorized, high-residual phosphorus C12200 X X X X X XDHPSFPhosphorized, high-residual phosphorus silver-bearingC12300 X X X XDPTEHPhosphorized, tellurium-bearing C14520 X XOther

20、 CoppersSulfur-bearing C14700 X XZirconium-bearing C15000 X X X XPTE Tellurium-bearing C14500 X XASee Appendix X1.BThe chemical compositions associated with these numbers are listed in the product specifications and in the Standard Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys thatappear in this publica

21、tion under “Related Material”.CThe “X” in the table indicates commercial availability.DSee Appendix X2.ESee Appendix X3.FThis includes oxygen-free copper to which phosphorus and silver have been added in amounts agreed upon.GThis includes oxygen-free copper to which phosphorus has been added.HThis i

22、ncludes oxygen-free tellurium-bearing copper to which phosphorus has been added in amounts agreed upon.B224042APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TERMS USED TO DESIGNATE THE COPPERS(Alphabetical listing of these terms does not necessarily indicate relative order of commercial importance.)X1.1 Te

23、rms Relating to Method of RefiningX1.1.1 electrolytic coppercopper of any origin, refined byelectrolytic deposition including electrowinning. Usually whenthis term is used alone it refers to electrolytic tough pitchcopper. This designation applies to the following:X1.1.1.1 Cathodes that are the dire

24、ct product of the refiningoperation as described in Specification B 115.X1.1.1.2 Electrodeposited copper cast in refinery shapessuitable for hot or cold working or both, and by extension, tofabricators products made therefrom.X1.1.1.3 Electrodeposited copper cast into ingots or ingotbars suitable fo

25、r remelting.X1.1.2 fire-refined coppercopper of any origin or typefinished by furnace refining without having been processed atany stage by electrolytic or chemical refining. Usually whenthe term fire-refined copper is used alone it refers to fire-refinedtough pitch copper as described in Specificat

26、ion B 216. Thisdesignation applies to the following:X1.1.2.1 Copper cast in refinery shapes suitable for hot orcold working or both, and by extension, to fabricators prod-ucts made therefrom.X1.1.2.2 Ingots or ingot bars suitable for remelting.X1.2 Terms Relating to Characteristics Determined byMeth

27、od of Casting or ProcessingX1.2.1 deoxidized coppercopper cast in the form ofrefinery shapes, produced free of cuprous oxide, as determinedby metallographic examination at 753 under polarized light,by the use of metallic or metalloidal deoxidizers. Oxygen maybe present as residual deoxidation produc

28、ts. By extension, theterm applies to fabricators products made therefrom.X1.2.2 oxygen-free copperelectrolytic copper producedfree of cuprous oxide, as determined by metallographic exami-nation at 753 under polarized light, without the use of metallicor metalloidal deoxidizers. By extension, the ter

29、m applies tofabricators products made therefrom.X1.2.3 tough pitch coppercopper of any origin cast in theform of refinery shapes, as described in Specification B 5,containing a controlled amount of oxygen in the form ofcuprous oxide. By extension the term is also applicable tofabricators products ma

30、de therefrom.X1.3 Terms Relating to Specific Kinds of Copper and toProducts Made TherefromX1.3.1 deoxidized copper, high-residual phosphoruscopper deoxidized with phosphorus residual in amounts 0.015to 0.040 %. The copper is not susceptible to hydrogen em-brittlement, as determined in Specification

31、B 379. The copperis of relatively low-electrical conductivity due to the amount ofphosphorus present.NOTE X1.1International Standards Organization specifications permitup to 0.050 % phosphorus.X1.3.2 deoxidized copper, low-residual phosphoruscopper deoxidized with phosphorous residual in amounts 0.0

32、04to 0.012 %. The copper is not readily susceptible to hydrogenembrittlement, as determined in Specification B 379. Thecopper in the annealed condition has a minimum conductivityof 90 % IACS.X1.3.3 high-conductivity coppercopper that in the an-nealed condition has a minimum electrical conductivity o

33、f100 % IACS as required in Specifications B 5, B 115 andB 170.X1.3.4 oxygen-free electronic copperhigh-purity, high-conductivity oxygen-free copper normally intended for elec-tronic and ultra-high vacuum (Specification F 68) applications.The copper has high resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, asde

34、termined in Specification B 170 or F 68, or both. The copperin the annealed condition has a minimum electrical conductiv-ity of 101 % IACS.X1.3.5 oxygen-free copper, extra low phosphorusoxygen-free copper containing 0.001 to 0.005 % phosphorus. Thecopper is not readily susceptible to hydrogen embrit

35、tlement, asdetermined in Specification B 379. The copper in the annealedcondition has a minimum conductivity of 98.16 % IACS.X1.3.6 oxygen-free copper, low phosphorusoxygen-freecopper containing 0.005 to 0.012 % phosphorus. The copper isnot susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement, as determined inSpec

36、ification B 379. The copper in the annealed condition hasa minimum conductivity of 90 % IACS.X1.3.7 silver-bearing copper.X1.3.8 sulfur-bearing copper.X1.3.9 deoxidized, phosphorus-tellurium copper.X1.3.10 zirconium-bearing copper.X1.3.11 tellurium-bearing copper.NOTE X1.2Coppers listed in X1.3.7-X1

37、.3.11 contain the designatedelement or elements in amounts as agreed upon between the manufactureror supplier and the purchaser.B224043X2. DEFINITIONS OF REFINERY SHAPESX2.1 billetrefinery shape used for piercing or extrusioninto tubular products or for extrusion into rods, bars, andshapes. Circular

38、 in cross section, usually 3 to 16 in. (76 to 406mm) in diameter, normally ranging in weight from 100 to 4200lb (45 to 1905 kg).X2.2 cakerefinery shape used for rolling into plate, sheet,strip, or shape. Rectangular in cross section and of varioussizes, normally ranging in weight from 140 to 62 000

39、lb (63 to28 200 kg).X2.3 cathodeunmelted, electrodeposited, and somewhatrough flat plate normally used for melting. The customary sizeis about 3 ft (0.914 m) square, about12 to78 in. (12.7 to 22.2mm) thick, weighing up to about 300 lb (136 kg), and mayhave hanging loops attached. Cathodes may also b

40、e cut tosmaller dimensions.X2.4 ingot and ingot barrefinery shapes used for remelt-ing (not fabrication). Ingots normally range in weight from 20to 35 lb (9 to 16 kg) and ingot bars from 50 to 70 lb (23 to 32kg). Both are usually notched to facilitate breaking into smallerpieces.X2.5 wire barrefiner

41、y shape used for rolling into rod orflat product for subsequent processing into wire, strip, or shape.Approximately 312 to 5 in. (89 to 127 mm) square in crosssection, usually 54 in. (1372 mm) in length and ranging inweight from 200 to 420 lb (91 to 191 kg). Usually tapered atboth ends.X3. DEFINITIO

42、NS OF FABRICATORS COPPER PRODUCTSX3.1 flat producta rectangular or square, solid section ofrelatively great length in proportion to thickness. Included inthe designation “flat product” depending on the width andthickness, are plate, sheet, strip, and bar. Also included is theproduct known as “flat w

43、ire.”X3.2 pipetube conforming to the particular dimensionscommercially known as “Standard Pipe Sizes.”X3.3 roda solid section, round, hexagonal, or octagonalin straight lengths. Round rod for further processing into wire(known as “hot-rolled rod,” “wire-rod,” “redraw wire,” or“drawing stock”) is fur

44、nished coiled.X3.4 shapea solid section, other than flat product, rod orwire, furnished in straight lengths. Shapes are usually made byextrusion but may also be fabricated by drawing.X3.5 tubea unidirectionally elongated hollow product ofuniform round or other cross section having a continuousperiph

45、ery.X3.6 wirea solid section, including rectangular flat wirebut excluding other flat products, furnished in coils or onspools, reels, or bucks.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B 224 98)that may impact the use of t

46、his standard. (Approved May 1, 2004.)(1) Removed UNS Alloy Nos. C11030 (CRTP) and C12700,C12800, and C13000 (FRSTP) from the document.(2) Removed terms describing “chemically refined copper”from the document.(3) Removed Referenced Documents B 30 and B 584 from thedocument.(4) Table X1.1 renamed as T

47、able 1, former Appendix X1removed and subsequent Appendixes renumbered.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of

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