ASTM B240-2009 Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings.pdf

1、Designation: B240 09Standard Specification forZinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form forFoundry and Die Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B240; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th

2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers commercial zinc and zinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys in ingot form for remelting for the

3、manufacture of pressure die castings, foundry castings andcontinuous cast bar stock as designated and specified in Table1. Seven alloy compositions are specified, designated asfollows:Common Traditional ASTMAUNSAAlloy 3 Zamak 3 AG 40A Z33521Alloy 7 Zamak 7 AG 40B Z33522Alloy 5 Zamak 5 AC 41A Z35530A

4、lloy 2 Zamak 2 AC 43A Z35540ZA-8 ZA-8 . Z35635ZA-12 ZA-12 . Z35630ZA-27 ZA-27 . Z35840_ASee Table 1, footnote B.1.2 Zinc alloys Z33521, Z33522, Z35530, and Z35540 areused primarily for remelting in the manufacture of pressure diecastings. Zinc-aluminum alloys Z35635, Z35630, and Z35840are used for r

5、emelting in the manufacture of both foundry andpressure die castings. Castings made from these ingots arespecified in Specification B86, Standard Specification for Zincand Zinc-Aluminum Alloys for Foundry and Die Castings.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.1.4 Sy

6、stems of nomenclature used to designate zinc andzinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys used for casting are described inAppendix X1.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith

7、 all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1

8、The following documents of the issue in effect on dataof order acceptance form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B86 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) AlloyFoundry and Die CastingsB275 Practice for Codification of Certain Nonferrous Met-als a

9、nd Alloys, Cast and WroughtB897 Specification for Configuration of Zinc and ZincAlloy Jumbo Block and Half Block IngotB899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals andAlloysB908 Practice for the Use of Color Codes for Zinc CastingAlloy IngotE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to

10、Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys inCast Form for Determination of Chemical CompositionE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)E536 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and ZincAlloysE634 Pr

11、actice for Sampling of Zinc and Zinc Alloys forOptical Emission Spectrometric Analysis2.3 Other ASTM Document:Methods for Emission Spectrochemical Analysis32.4 ISO Standards:4ISO 301 Zinc Alloy Ingots Intended for CastingISO 38151 Zinc and zinc alloys Part 1:Analysis of solidsamples by optical emiss

12、ion spectrometry.ISO 38152 Zinc and zinc alloys Part 2: Analysis byinductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium.Cu

13、rrent edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originallyapproved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B240 - 071. DOI:10.1520/B0240-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Bo

14、ok of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Methods for Emission Spectrochemical Analysis: General Practices, Nomen-clature, Standard Methods, Proposed Methods, Suggested Methods, ASTM Inter-national, 1982.4Available from American National

15、 Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 Terms s

16、hall be defined in accordance with TerminologyB899.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 continuous casting, na casting technique in which acast is continuously withdrawn through the bottom of the moldas it solidifies, so that its length is not determined by molddimensions; used c

17、hiefly to produce semifinished mill productssuch as billets, blooms, ingots, slabs and tubes; also known asconcast.3.2.2 die casting, na casting process in which moltenmetal is injected under high velocity and pressure into a metaldie and solidified, also a product produced by such a process.Alterna

18、tely known as pressure die casting.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for ingot under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 Quantity in pounds,4.1.2 Alloy (Table 1),4.1.3 Size, if not manufacturers standard (see Section 7),4.1.4 Specification number and date,4.1.5 Source ins

19、pection (Section 10),4.1.6 Marking (Section 12), and4.1.7 Whether certification is required (Section 13).5. Materials and Manufacturer5.1 The material covered by this specification shall be ofuniform quality and reasonably free from dross, adheringforeign matter, and surface oxide.6. Chemical Requir

20、ements6.1 The ingots shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1. Conformanceshall be determined by the manufacturer by analyzing samplestaken at the time the ingots are poured or samples taken fromthe ingots. Unless otherwise agreed in the contact or purchaseor

21、der, sampling procedure will be the manufacturers choice.7. Ingot Sizes and Shapes7.1 Zinc casting alloy ingots are typically supplied in ingotbundles weighing 1700 to 2400 lb.7.2 Ingots and bundles vary in size and weight depending onthe alloy and supplier.7.2.1 Standard ingots have a nominal weigh

22、t in the range of17 to 24 lb. and are generally 24 to 26 in. long.7.2.2 Margash bars or ingots come in two sizes with anominal weight in the range of either 12 to 14 lb. or 20 to 24lb.7.3 Zinc casting alloy ingot may be ordered in jumbos orblocks, as specified in Specification B897.7.4 Zinc casting

23、alloy ingot may also be ordered in othershapes.8. Sampling for Determination of Chemical Composition8.1 In the event of a dispute, if the ingots are shipped incarload lots of the same alloy, not less than five ingots shall betaken at random from the carload for sampling. If the shipmentis less than

24、a carload lot, one sample ingot shall be taken foreach 10,000 lb. (4500 kg) or fraction thereof. Either party mayrequest that a sample be taken from each melt of 1000 lb. (450kg) or more.8.2 The samples for chemical analysis shall be taken bysawing, milling, or drilling in such a manner as to berepr

25、esentative of the average cross section of the ingot. Theweight of a prepared sample shall be not less than 75 g inaccordance with Practice E88.TABLE 1 Chemical and North American Color Code RequirementsAlloy 3A,B,C,DAlloy 7A,B,C,DAlloy 5A,B,C,DAlloy 2A,B,C,DZA-8B,C,EZA-12B,C,EZA-27B,C,EZamak 3 Zama

26、k 7 Zamak 5 Zamak 2 ZA-8 ZA-12 ZA-27(AG40A) (AG40B) (AC41A) (AC43A)Z33521 Z33522 Z35530 Z35540 Z35635 Z35630 Z35840Color CodeFNone Brown Black Green Blue Orange PurpleElementAluminum 3.9-4.3 3.9-4.3 3.9-4.3 3.9-4.3 8.2-8.8 10.8-11.5 25.5-28.0Magnesium 0.03-0.06 0.010-0.020 0.03-0.06 0.025-0.05 0.02-

27、0.03 0.02-0.03 0.012-0.020Copper 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.7-1.1 2.7-3.3 0.9-1.3 0.5-1.2 2.0-2.5Iron, Max 0.035 0.075 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.05 0.07Lead, Max 0.0040 0.0030 0.0040 0.0040 0.005 0.005 0.005Cadmium, Max 0.0030 0.0020 0.0030 0.0030 0.005 0.005 0.005Tin, Max 0.0015 0.0010 0.0015 0.0015 0.002 0.002

28、 0.002Nickel - - - 0.005-0.020 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -ZincGRemainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder RemainderAZinc alloy ingot for die casting may contain nickel, chromium, silicon, and manganese in amounts of up to 0.02, 0.02, 0.035 and 0.05 %, respectively. No harmful effe

29、ctshave ever been noted due to the presence of these elements in up to these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements, except that nickelanalysis is required for Z33522.BASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B275. UNS assignations wer

30、e established in accordance with Practice E527. The last digit ofa UNS number differentiates between alloys of similar composition. UNS designations for ingot and casting versions of an alloy were not assigned in the same sequencefor all alloys.CFor purposes of acceptance and rejection, the observed

31、 value or calculated value obtained from analysis should be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-handplace of figures, used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the rounding procedure prescribed in Practice E29.DWhen this material is required to conform to ISO Standard 301,

32、 the chemical limits for thallium and indium each shall not exceed 0.001 %.EZinc-aluminum ingot for foundry and pressure die casting may contain nickel, chromium, and manganese in amounts of up to 0.01 % each or 0.03 % total. No harmfuleffects have ever been noted due to the presence of these elemen

33、ts in up to these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements.FRefer to Practice B908. (Note: Colors indicated are for North American applications.)GDetermined arithmetically by difference.B240 0928.3 The saw drill, or cutter used for taking the sample shallbe thoroug

34、hly cleaned. No lubricant shall be used in theoperation, and the sawings or metal chips shall be carefullytreated with a magnet to remove any particles or iron intro-duced in taking the sample by the method prescribed in 8.2.8.4 An optional method of sampling for analysis may be bymelting together r

35、epresentative portions of each ingot selectedand then sampling the liquid composite by casting suitablespecimens for either spectrographic or chemical analysis.8.5 Samples for Spectrochemical and Other Methods ofAnalysis3Samples for spectrochemical and other methods ofanalysis shall be suitable for

36、the form of material beinganalyzed and the type of analytical method used (for example,see Practice E634).9. Methods for Chemical Analysis9.1 The determination of chemical composition shall bemade in accordance with suitable analytical methods. In caseof dispute, the results secured by an approved m

37、ethod (orcombination of approved methods), or by a method agreedupon by both parties, shall be the basis of acceptance.9.1.1 Approved method include: Test Methods E536,ISO 38151,orISO 38152.9.2 For purposes of determining compliance with specifiedcomposition limits as given in Table 1, an observed o

38、rcalculated value shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the lastright-hand place of figures shown in Table 1, in accordancewith the rounding method of Practice E29.10. Source Inspection10.1 If the purchaser desires that his representative inspector witness the inspections and testing of the produc

39、t prior toshipment, such agreement shall be made by the purchaser andproducer or supplier as part of the contract or purchase order.10.2 When such inspection or witness of inspection andtesting is agreed upon, the producer or supplier shall afford thepurchasers representative all reasonable faciliti

40、es to satisfyhim that the product meets the requirements of this specifica-tion. Inspection and tests shall be conducted so there is nounnecessary interference with the producers operations.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be

41、 rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing. If the rehearingestablishes that the material does not conform to the require-ments of this spec

42、ification, as much of the rejected originalmaterial as possible shall be returned to the producer orsupplier.12. Identification Marking12.1 All ingots shall be properly marked for identificationwith the producers name or brand.12.2 Each bundle or skid shall be identified with theproducers heat, lot,

43、 or other identification mark.12.3 Each ingot, bundle or skid shall be marked with theappropriate Color Code for the alloy as per North Americanrequirements in Practice B908.13. Certification13.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, aproducers or suppliers certification shall be furnish

44、ed to thepurchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled testedand inspected in accordance with this specification and hasbeen found to meet the requirements. When specified in thepurchase order or contract, a report of the test result shall befurnished.14. Preparation for Delivery14.1 Packagi

45、ngUnless otherwise specified, the ingot shallbe packaged to provide adequate protection during normalhandling and transportation. Each package shall contain onlyone alloy unless otherwise agreed upon.15. Keywords15.1 bar stock; castings; concast; continuous cast bar stock;die castings; foundry casti

46、ngs; permanent mold castings; pres-sure die castings; prototyping; sand castings; ZA alloys;Zamak; zinc; zinc-aluminum alloys; zinc metalAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. NOMENCLATURE SYSTEMS FOR ZINC AND ZINC-ALUMINUM (ZA) ALLOYSX1.1 The information in this appendix does not constitutea part of

47、 this specification but is provided for informationalpurposes only. The nomenclature covers commercial zinc andzinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys in ingot form for remelting for themanufacture of pressure die castings and foundry castings, asdesignated and specified in Table 1.X1.2 Several different systems

48、of nomenclature haveevolved over the years to designate the zinc alloys used forcasting, as listed in Table X1.1.TABLE X1.1 Nomenclature Systems for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum(ZA) AlloysCommon Traditional ASTM UNSAlloy 3 Zamak 3 AG 40A Z33521Alloy 7 Zamak 7 AG 40B Z33522Alloy 5 Zamak 5 AC 41A Z35530Allo

49、y 2 Zamak 2 AC 43A Z35635ZA-8 ZA-8 . Z35635ZA-12 ZA-12 . Z35630ZA-27 ZA-27 . Z35840B240 093X1.2.1 Common names refer to the long established zinccasting alloys by number based their sequential developmentpreceded by the word Alloy. Zinc-aluminum alloys (with ahigher aluminum content that the conventional zinc die castingalloys) use the prefix ZA followed by their approximatealuminum content. These terms are in common usage.X1.2.2 Traditional names for the long established zinccasting alloys use the prefix ZAMAK which was devised basedon the major eleme