1、Designation: B329 14Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Metal Powders and Compounds Usingthe Scott Volumeter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B329; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers det
3、ermination of the apparentdensity of metal powders and related compounds using theScott Volumeter, also known as the Paint Pigment Volumeter.1.2 With the exception of the values for density and themass used to determine density, for which the use of the gramper cubic centimetre (g/cm3) and gram (g)
4、units is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in SI units are to beregarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safet
5、y and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B215 Practices for Sampling Metal PowdersB243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB873 Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Den-sity Cup Used in Test Methods
6、B 212, B 329, and B 4173. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod see Terminology B243.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the apparentdensity physical characteristic of powders. The degree ofcorrelation between the results of this
7、test and the quality ofpowders in use will vary with each particular application andhas not been fully determined.4.2 The apparent density measured via this test method isoften referred to as the “Scott Density.”5. Apparatus5.1 Fig. 1 shows the Scott Volumeter consisting of thefollowing parts:5.1.1
8、Top Funnels A large funnel with a 16-mesh screenand a small conical funnel for directing the powder into thebaffle box. Funnels and screen may be brass or stainless steel.5.1.2 Baffle BoxA box with two glass sides and twowooden sides containing a series of four glass baffle plates.The wooden baffle
9、box may be substituted by a water-resistant material, such as stainless steel, if washing is moredesirable than air cleaning.5.1.3 Bottom Funnel A small brass or stainless steelfunnel directly beneath lower baffle box opening for directingthe powder into the density cup.5.1.4 Density Cups A cylindri
10、cal cup having a capacity of25.00 6 0.03 cm3, with an inside diameter of28.00 6 0.50 mm; or a square cup with a capacity of16.39 6 0.05 cm3. Density cups may be either brass orstainless steel.5.1.5 StandA 90 pivoting wooden or stainless steel standto support the funnels and the baffle box concentric
11、 with thedensity cup so that the bottom funnel lower opening is 19 mmabove the top of the density cup as shown in Fig. 1 when usingthe cubic inch cup. Fig. 2 shows some suggested modificationsfor use of the metric cup. Modifications A and C of Fig. 2 aresuggested when the metric cup is to be used ex
12、clusively.Modification B of Fig. 2 is suggested when both cups are to beused interchangeably.5.2 Instrument SupportAstand or bench surface, level andvibration free.5.3 BalanceA balance, readable to 0.01 g with a capacityof at least 200 g, to determine the mass to the nearest 0.1 g.1This test method
13、is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on MetalPowders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee B09.03 on Refractory Metal Powders.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in
14、2012 as B329 98 (2012).DOI: 10.1520/B0329-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Ch
15、anges section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.4 BrushA good quality, 25.4-mm wide brush, preferablynylon.5.5 SpatulaA standard 12.7-mm wide stainless steel labo-ratory spatula.6. Te
16、st Specimen6.1 Obtain a test portion in accordance with Practices B215.FIG. 1 Density Apparatus AssemblyFIG. 2 Suggested Methods of Modifying the Wooden Scott Volumeter for Metric Density CupB329 1426.2 A minimum of 25 cm3of powder for the square cup and35 cm3of powder for the cylindrical cup will b
17、e needed.7. Calibration and Standardization7.1 The density cups shall be calibrated in accordance withTest Method B873. If the density cup falls outside acceptabletolerance limits, 25.00 6 0.03 cm3for the round cup; or asquare cup with a capacity of 16.39 6 0.05 cm3, it is not to beused.8. Procedure
18、8.1 Tare or preweigh the density cup.8.2 Pour the powder being tested carefully into the topreceiving funnel and permit the powder to run into the densitycup. Completely fill the density cup to overflowing or fill tooverflowing and form a mound of powder above the top of thedensity cup. If the powde
19、r is not free-flowing, carefully brushthe sample through the top receiving funnel screen withoutjarring the volumeter. Jarring of the volumeter could result inpacking of the powder in the density cups, thus givingerroneously high values.8.3 Remove the excess powder in the density cup by passingthe e
20、dge of the spatula blade parallel to, and in contact with, thetop of the cup. Move the spatula smoothly along the top surfaceof the cup and back again until all excess powder has beenremoved, special care being taken to direct the excess powderinto the unfilled areas of the cup. It is important that
21、 the spatulabe kept level at all times to prevent packing or pulling out ofthe powder. Perform the completed leveling operation toproduce a uniform powder surface perfectly level with the topof the density cup.8.4 After the leveling operation, lightly tap the side of thedensity cup to settle the pow
22、der to avoid spilling whiletransferring the cup to the balance for weighing.8.5 Determine the mass of the powder to the nearest 0.1 g byweighing the cup plus powder and, if preweighed and not tared,subtracting the mass of the cup.9. Calculation9.1 Divide the mass of the powder by the volume of the c
23、upto obtain the apparent density.10. Report10.1 Report test results as Scott Density, ADs, in grams percubic centimetre to the nearest 0.1 g cm3.10.2 Report which density cup was used in the test.10.3 Include a reference to this test method in the report.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionPrecision
24、 has been determined from inter-laboratory testing performed prior to the approval of this testmethod. Those results, which have been re-verified, show aprecision of from 63 to 7 % of the value determined as the 2 limits for powders with apparent densities of 1 to 5 g/cm3.11.2 BiasBias cannot be sta
25、ted since there is no univer-sally accepted standard instrument, nor are there certifiedstandards available.12. Keywords12.1 apparent density; bulk density; Paint Pigment Volume-ter; powder metallurgy; powders; refractory metals; Scottdensity; Scott VolumeterSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B09 has ident
26、ified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B329-06(2012) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Dec. 1, 2014)(1) Changed units statement in Section 1.2 to be consistentwith the B09 Policy Guide.(2) Added statement regarding calibration and tolerance ofd
27、ensity cups.(3) Removed all references to inch-pound units throughout.(4) Changed ml and cc to cm3throughout.(5) Modifications applied to make the test method consistentwith B09 Policy Guide.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with
28、 any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible techni
29、cal committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideratio
30、n at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harb
31、or Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 143
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