ASTM B413-1997a(2017) Standard Specification for Refined Silver《精炼银的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: B413 97a (Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forRefined Silver1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B413; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parent

2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers refined silver cast bar2form inthree grades as follows:1.1.1 Grade 99.90 (UNS P07020)Silver having a mini-mum fineness of 999

3、.0 commonly referred to as “commercialbar” or “bullion.”1.1.2 Grade 99.95 (UNS P07015)Silver having a mini-mum fineness of 999.5.1.1.3 Grade 99.99 (UNS P07010)A premium grade hav-ing a minimum fineness of 999.9.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.1.3 This standard

4、 does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards, including those identified in the appropriateSafety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as providedby the manufactu

5、rer, to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limi-tations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for

6、theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE378 T

7、est Method for Spectrographic Analysis of Silver bythe Powder Technique (Withdrawn 2004)43. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The silver shall be produced by any process that yieldsa product capable of meeting the requirements of this specifi-cation.3.2 The bars shall be of a quality generally acceptable

8、 to thetrade.3.3 The manufacturer shall use care to have each shipmentof as uniform quality as possible.4. Chemical Composition4.1 The refined silver shall conform to the chemical com-position prescribed in Table 1.5. Lots5.1 A single melt shall constitute a lot for sampling.6. Method of Analysis6.1

9、 The composition of the bars or samples shall be deter-mined by any destructive or nondestructive method agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Unlessotherwise specifically agreed, chemical methods will be usedfor analysis. The chemical composition of the materials setforth in this s

10、pecification shall be determined, in case ofdisagreement, in accordance with Test Method E378. Theselection of methods for the determination of elements notcovered by that test method shall be a matter of agreementbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.7. Sampling7.1 The value of this material i

11、s such that special attentionmust be paid to sampling procedures. If the purchaser and themanufacturer agree that samples most representative of theassay value of a melt are required, the samples should be takenfrom the silver melt as it is ready for pouring into molds. Thesamples should consist of

12、shot or cast pins.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.05 on Precious Metals and Electrical Contact Materials.Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published April 2017. Originallyappr

13、oved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as B413 97a (2012).DOI: 10.1520/B0413-97AR17.2Other forms of unfabricated silver of commerce are not to be excluded underthis specification.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at se

14、rviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,

15、 PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organizatio

16、n Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.17.2 On agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, analternative sampling procedure may be used.7.3 The amount of sample taken shall be sufficient to supplythree portions for analysis; the mass of each portion shall besufficient to permit the determin

17、ation of its composition as setforth in Table 1.7.4 After mixing thoroughly, the sample shall be dividedinto three parts, each placed in a package and sealed, one forthe manufacturer, one for the purchaser, and one for theumpire.8. Product Marking8.1 A brand shall be cast or otherwise legibly marked

18、 uponeach bar, by which the manufacturer can be identified. The barshall be marked with the minimum fineness together with themelt number, bar number, and weight to the nearest 0.1 oz troy.9. Claims9.1 Claims to be considered shall be made to the manufac-turer in writing within 30 days of receipt of

19、 the material at thepurchasers plant, and the results of the tests made by thepurchaser shall accompany such claims. The manufacturershall be given 1 week from the date of receipt of the complaintto investigate his records, and shall then agree either to satisfythe claim or to submit samples to an u

20、mpire. No claim shall beconsidered unless a portion of the original silver bars can beshown to the representative of the manufacturer.9.2 Where the silver satisfies the requirements of thisspecification, it shall not be condemned for defects in theproducts in which it is used.10. Investigation of Cl

21、aims10.1 In a question of chemical composition, a new sampleshall be drawn by representatives of both parties in accordancewith Section 7. The properly mixed and quartered sample shallbe separated into three parts, each of which shall be placed ina sealed package, one for the manufacturer, one for t

22、hepurchaser, and one for an umpire, if necessary. The manufac-turer and the purchaser shall each make an analysis, and if theresults do not establish or dismiss the claim to the satisfactionof both parties, the third sample shall be submitted to amutually agreeable umpire, who shall determine the qu

23、estionof fact, and whose determination shall be final.11. Settlement of Claims11.1 The expenses of the manufacturers representative andof the umpire shall be paid by the loser or divided in proportionto the concession made in case of compromise. In the case ofrejection being established, the damages

24、 shall be limited to thepayment of freight both ways by the producer for substitutionof an equivalent weight of silver conforming to this specifica-tion.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SAMPLINGX1.1 When sampling is to be done on bars, the samplingpreferably shall be by drilling. This shall be

25、done by aprocedure that will avoid errors due to segregation of impuri-ties within the bars and also will avoid surface contamination.X1.2 Drilling ProcedureAt least one bar of each meltshall be sampled. The bar or bars to be drilled shall bethoroughly brushed with a stiff fiber brush having bristle

26、swhich are set in a nonmetallic holder.X1.3 Single BarThe bar shall be drilled at least six timeswith a 0.635 cm high-speed drill in a pattern similar to thatshown in Fig. X1.1. Three holes shall be drilled half waythrough the top face of the bar for the hole positions marked“T.” The bar shall be tu

27、rned end over end and three holesdrilled through the bottom face for the positions marked “B.”The bar shall be drilled while on a clear surface of a materialsuch as polyethylene sheeting or a lint-free paper.X1.4 Several Bars From Same MeltThe same precautionsand procedure as that outlined for singl

28、e bars shall be followed,except that the drillings representing the different orientation ofthe bar will be made on six different bars. For example, whensix bars are sampled, the sampling positions corresponding tothose in Fig. X1.1 are used except that only one hole will beTABLE 1 Chemical Requirem

29、entsNOTE 1The following applies to all specified limits in this table: Forpurposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observedvalue obtained from analysis shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” inthe last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value,in ac

30、cordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.ElementA,BComposition, %Grade99.90(UNSP07020)Grade99.95(UNSP07015)Grade99.99(UNSP07010)Silver, min 99.90 99.95 99.99Silver and copper, min 99.95 . .Bismuth, max 0.001 0.001 0.0005Copper, max 0.08 0.04 0.010Iron, max 0.002 0.002 0.001Lead, max 0.0

31、25 0.015 0.001Palladium, max . . 0.001Selenium, max . . 0.0005Tellurium, max . . 0.0005AImpurities other than those listed above may be included by special agreementbetween purchaser and manufacturer.BIn this specification, it is to be noted that while oxygen is neither specified nordetermined analy

32、tically, it is known to be present in the refined silver. Whencalculating the purity of refined silver by difference, oxygen will be considered assilver.B413 97a (2017)2drilled in each bar corresponding to one of the six positions.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any p

33、atent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revisi

34、on at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your co

35、mments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrigh

36、ted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e

37、-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ in circleHole position in top of bar.B in broken circleHole position in bottom of bar.FIG. X1.1 Sample Drilling TemplateB413 97a (2017)3