1、Designation: B 523/B 523M 07Standard Specification forSeamless and Welded Zirconium and Zirconium AlloyTubes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 523/B 523M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers three grades of zirconium andzirconium alloy seamless and welded tubes.1.2 Unless a sin
3、gle unit is used, for example corrosion massgain in mg/dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SIunits are to be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem must be used independently of the other. SI valuescannot be mixed
4、with inch-pound values.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion of this specification: This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropr
5、iate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsB 551/B 551M Specification for Zirconium and ZirconiumAlloy Strip, Sheet, and Pla
6、teB 614 Practice for Descaling and Cleaning Zirconium andZirconium Alloy SurfacesE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipeand Tubin
7、gE 426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austen-itic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 annealed, nfor purposes of this specification “annealed” denotes material that
8、 exhibits a recrystallized grainstructure.3.2 Lot Definitions:3.2.1 tubes, na lot shall consist of a material of the samesize, shape, condition, and finish produced from the same ingotor powder blend by the same reduction schedule and the sameheat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed betwee
9、nmanufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to theproduct of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or to asingle furnace load for final batch anneal.4. Classification4.1 The tubes are furnished in three grades as follows:4.1.1 Grade R60702Unalloyed zirconium.4.1.2 Grade R60704Zirconium-
10、tin alloy.4.1.3 Grade R60705Zirconium-niobium alloy.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following information:5.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces, or both),5.1.2 Name of material (zirconium seamless or weldedtube),5.1.3 Dimensions (diamete
11、r, wall thickness as either aver-age or minimum, lengths),5.1.4 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.5 Grade number (see 4.1), and5.1.6 Additions to the specification, if required. See 6.3.1,7.3, 10.1, 12.7.3, 14.1, and 15.1 for additional optionalrequirements for the purchase order.NOTE 1A typica
12、l ordering description is as follows: 1000 pieces ofseamless zirconium tubes, 2 in. 50 mm in outside diameter by 0.06 in.15 mm in average wall thickness by 10 ft 3 m in length, vacuumannealed, ASTM B 523/B 523M - 01, Grade R60702.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 an
13、d is thedirect responsibility of Subcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition approved June 1, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally approvedin 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B 523/B 523M 06.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications, see related Specifi-
14、cation SB523 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM Inter
15、national, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Seamless tube shall be made by any seamless methodthat will yield a product meeting the requirements of thisspecification.6.2 Welded tube shall be made from sheet or strip me
16、etingthe requirements of Specification B 551/B 551M by an auto-matic arc-welding process or other method of welding that willyield a product meeting the requirements of this specification.Filler metal shall not be used. Welded tubing shall be suppliedas follows:6.2.1 As welded, or6.2.2 As welded and
17、 further reduced.6.2.3 Welds in grade R60705 shall be stress relief annealedwithin 14 days after welding to prevent delayed hydridecracking. The heat treatment shall be done as follows:6.2.3.1 The stress-relieving treatment shall consist of hold-ing the fitting at a minimum temperature of 1100F 600C
18、 fornot less than12 h/in. 25 mm of the maximum thickness in anonreducing atmosphere. The minimum time at this tempera-ture is 15 min. All stress-relieved parts shall be cleanedsubsequently and shall be free of oxide scale contamination(see Practice B 614).6.3 The tube shall be furnished annealed.6.3
19、.1 Purchaser shall specify one of the following:(a) annealed in air(b) annealed in vacuum7. Chemical Composition7.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.7.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be consideredthe chemical analysis for tubing,
20、 except for hydrogen andnitrogen, which shall be determined on the finished product.7.3 When requested by the purchaser and stated in thepurchase order, a product analysis for any elements listed inTable 1 shall be made on the finished product.7.3.1 The manufacturers analysis shall be considered asv
21、erified if the check analysis confirms the manufacturersreported values within the tolerances prescribed in Table 2.8. Tensile Requirements8.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shallconform to the tensile properties prescribed in Table 3.9. Permissible Variation in Dimensions9.1 Di
22、ameterAt any point (cross section) along the lengthof the tube, the variation in outside diameter shall not exceedthose prescribed in Table 4.9.2 LengthWhen tubes are ordered cut to length, thelength shall be not less than that specified, but a variation of18in. 3.2 mm will be permitted on tube up t
23、o 10 ft 3 m,inclusive. For lengths over 10 ft, an additional over-toleranceof18 in. 3.2 mm for each 10 ft 3 m or fraction thereof shallbe permissible up to12 in. 13 mm, maximum.9.3 StraightnessThe tube shall be free of bends or kinksand the maximum uniform bow shall not exceed the valuesshown in Tab
24、le 5.9.4 Squareness of CutThe angle of cut of the end of anytube up to 112 in. 40 mm in outside diameter may depart fromsquare not more than 0.016 in./in. mm/mm.10. Workmanship and Quality Level Requirements10.1 The finished tube shall be clean and free of foreignmaterial, shall have smooth ends, fr
25、ee of burrs, and shall befree of injurious external and internal imperfections in accor-dance with standards of acceptability agreed upon between themanufacturer and the purchaser. Minor defects may be re-moved provided the dimensional tolerances of Table 4 are notexceeded.11. Significance of Numeri
26、cal Limits11.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thefollowing table, an observed value or a calculated value shallbe rounded as indicated in accordance with the roundingmethods of Practice E29.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
27、AElementComposition, %UNS Grade DesignationR60702 R60704 R60705Zirconium + hafnium, minB99.2 97.5 95.5Hafnium, max 4.5 4.5 4.5Iron + chromium 0.2 max 0.2 to 0.4 0.2 maxTin . 1.0to2.0 .Hydrogen, max 0.005 0.005 0.005Nitrogen, max 0.025 0.025 0.025Carbon, max 0.05 0.05 0.05Niobium . . . . . . 2.0 to 3
28、.0Oxygen, max 0.16 0.18 0.18ABy agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, analysis may berequired and limits established for elements and compounds not specified in thetable of chemical composition.BThe value for zirconium + hafnium, min, is a warranted but not a measuredvalue.TABLE 2 Pe
29、rmissible Variation in Product Analysis BetweenDifferent LaboratoriesElementPermissible Variation in ProductAnalysis, %Hydrogen 0.002Nitrogen 0.01Carbon 0.01Hafnium 0.1Iron + chromium 0.025Tin 0.05Niobium 0.05Oxygen 0.02TABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsUNS Grade DesignationR60702 R60704 R60705Tensile str
30、ength,min, ksi MPa55 380 60 415 80 550Yield strength, min,ksi MPa30 205 35 240 55 380Elongation in 2 in.or 50 mm, min, %16 14 16B 523/B 523M 072PropertyRounded Unit for Observedor Calculated ValueChemical composition, and toler-ances (when expressed as decimals)nearest unit in the last right-handpla
31、ce of figures of the specified limitTensile strength and yield strength nearest 1000 psi 10 MPaElongation nearest 1 %12. Number of Tests and Retests12.1 One longitudinal tension test, see 13.1, shall be madefrom each lot.12.2 One chemistry test, see 7.2 and 13.8, for hydrogen andnitrogen shall be ma
32、de from each lot of finished product.12.3 One flare test, see 13.6, shall be made from each lot.12.4 One reverse flattening test, see 13.7, shall be madefrom each lot of welded tubing.12.5 Welded Tubes:12.5.1 Welded tubes shall be nondestructively tested usingthe following procedures:12.5.1.1 Eddy C
33、urrent Test, see 13.2.12.5.1.2 Ultrasonic Test, see 13.3.12.5.1.3 Hydrostatic Test, see 13.4, or pneumatic test, see13.5.12.6 Seamless Tubes:12.6.1 Seamless tubes shall be nondestructively tested usingthe following procedures:12.6.1.1 Ultrasonic Test, see 13.3.12.6.1.2 Eddy Current Test, see 13.2 us
34、ing the drilled holestandard, or hydrostatic test, see 13.4, or pneumatic test, see13.5.12.7 Retests:12.7.1 If any sample or specimen exhibits obvious surfacecontamination or improper preparation disqualifying it as atruly representative sample, it shall be discarded and a newsample or specimen subs
35、tituted.12.7.2 If the results of any tests of any lot do not conform tothe requirements specified, retests shall be made on additionaltubes of double the original number from the same lot, each ofwhich shall conform to the requirements specified.12.7.3 Retesting after failure of initial retests may
36、be doneonly with the approval of the purchaser.13. Test Methods13.1 Tension TestsConduct the tension test in accordancewith Test Methods E8.Determine the yield strength by theoffset (0.2 %) method. Determine the tensile properties using astrain rate of 0.003 to 0.007 in./in. mm/mm/min through theyie
37、ld strength. After the yield strength has been exceeded, thecross-head speed may be increased to approximately 0.05in./in. mm/mm/min to failure.13.2 Eddy Current Testing:13.2.1 Perform the nondestructive electric test in accor-dance with Practices E 213 or E 426, or a purchaser-approvedprocedure.13.
38、2.1.1 The calibration tube shall contain, at the option ofthe producer, any one of the following discontinuities toestablish a minimum sensitivity level for rejection. Place thediscontinuity in the parent metal.(a) Drilled HoleDrill a hole not larger than 0.031 in. 0.8mm in diameter radially and com
39、pletely through the tube wall,taking care to avoid distortion of the tube while drilling.(b) Transverse Tangential NotchUsing a round tool orfile with a 0.25-in. 6.4 mm diameter, file or mill a notchtangential to the surface and transverse to the longitudinal axisof the tube. The notch shall have a
40、depth not exceeding 12.5 %of the specified wall thickness of the tube or 0.004 in. 0.10mm, whichever is greater.(c) Longitudinal NotchMachine a notch 0.031 in 0.8mm or less in width in a radial plane parallel to the materialaxis on the outside of the tube to have a depth not exceeding12.5 % of the s
41、pecified wall thickness of the material or 0.004in. 0.10 mm, whichever is greater. The length of the notchshall be compatible with the testing method.13.3 Ultrasonic Testing:13.3.1 For ultrasonic testing, the longitudinal calibrationreference notches shall be at the option of the manufacturer,and be
42、 nay one of the three common notch shapes in accor-dance with Practice E 213. The depth of the notch shall notexceed 12.5 % of the specified wall thickness of the material or0.004 in. 0.10 mm, whichever is greater.13.3.2 Set aside any tubes showing an indication in excessof that obtained from the ca
43、libration standard and subject themto rework, retest, or rejection. A tube, therefore, set aside maybe further examined for confirmation of the presence of adefect and may be resubmitted for inspection by the sameTABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Outside Dimensions Based on Individual MeasurementsOu
44、tside Diameter, in. mm Diameter Tolerance, in. mmA,BPermissible VariationsCin WallThickness, t,%Under 1 25, excl 60.004 60.100 10Over 1 to 112 25 to 40, incl 60.005 60.125 10Over 112 to 2 40 to 50, incl 60.006 60.150 10Over 2 to 212 50 to 65, incl 60.007 60.180 10Over 212 to 312 65 to 90, incl 60.01
45、0 60.250 10AThese permissible variations in outside diameter apply only to tubes as finished at the mill before subsequent swaging, expanding, bending, polishing, or otherfabricating operations.BOvality is the maximum and minimum outside diameter of a tube measured at any one cross section. If the m
46、easurement is made with a ring gage, the following formulashall apply: Ovality = specified OD tube + diameter tolerance +0.002 in. .05 mm (length of ring gage, 1 in. 25 mm 3 specified tube OD.CWhen minimum wall tubes are ordered, tolerances are all plus and shall be double the values shown.TABLE 5 S
47、traightnessLength, ft mMaximum Curvature Depthof ArcOver 3 to 6 0.9 to 1.85, incl18 in. 3.2 mmOver 6 to 8 1.8 to 2.5, incl316 in. 5 mmOver 8 to 10 2.5 to 3.0, incl14 in. 6.4 mmOver 10 3.014 in./any 10 ft 2.1 mm/mB 523/B 523M 073technique if no defect is found. Any tube may also beresubmitted for ins
48、pection if reworked so as to remove thedefect within the specified diameter and wall thickness toler-ances as prescribe in Table 4.13.4 Hydrostatic Test:13.4.1 Each tube, so tested, shall withstand, without show-ing bulges, leaks, or other defects, an internal hydrostaticpressure that will produce i
49、n the tube wall a stress of 50 % ofthe minimum specified yield strength at room temperature,except as restricted by 13.4.2. Determine the hydrostaticpressure as follows:P 5 2St/D (1)where:P = minimum hydrostatic test pressure, psi MPa,S = allowable fiber stress of one half the minimum yieldstrength, psi MPa,t = wall thickness, in. mm, andD = outside diameter, in. mm.13.4.2 The maximum hydrostatic test pressure shall notexceed 2500 psi 17
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