ASTM B746 B746M-2002(2012) Standard Specification for Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate for Field-Bolted Pipe Pipe-Arches and Arches《现场螺栓安装管、管拱和拱桥用瓦楞铝合金结构标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: B746/B746M 02 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Specification forCorrugated Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate for Field-BoltedPipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B746/B746M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof origina

2、l adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defen

3、se.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers corrugated aluminum alloystructural plate used in the construction of pipe, pipe-arches,arches, underpasses, box culverts, and special shapes for fieldassembly. Appropriate fasteners are also described. The pipe,arches, and other shapes are generally used for

4、 drainagepurposes, pedestrian and vehicular underpasses, and utilitytunnels. Aluminum box culvert shapes are covered in Specifi-cation B864/B864M.1.2 This specification does not include requirements forbedding, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover loadand plate thickness of the pipe. Ex

5、perience has shown that thesuccessful performance of this product depends upon theproper selection of plate thickness, type of bedding andbackfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care in theinstallation. The purchaser must correlate the above factors andalso the corrosion and abrasion requ

6、irements of the fieldinstallation with the plate thickness. The structural design ofcorrugated aluminum structural plate pipe and the properinstallation procedures are given in Practices B790/B790M andB789/B789M, respectively. A procedure for using life-cyclecost analysis techniques to evaluate alte

7、rnate drainage systemdesigns using corrugated metal pipe is given in Practice A930.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of th

8、e other.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) onIron and Steel HardwareA307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60000 PSI Tensile StrengthA325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated,120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Stre

9、ngthA449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs,Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum TensileStrength, General UseA563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsA563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts(Metric)A930 Practice for Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of CorrugatedMeta

10、l Pipe Used for Culverts, Storm Sewers, and OtherBuried ConduitsB209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and PlateB209M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and Plate (Metric)B221 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyExtruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes

11、B221M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyExtruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes (Metric)B666/B666M Practice for Identification Marking of Alumi-num and Magnesium ProductsB695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-posited on Iron and SteelB789/B789M Practice for Install

12、ing Corrugated AluminumStructural Plate Pipe for Culverts and SewersB790/B790M Practice for Structural Design of CorrugatedAluminum Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches for Culverts,Storm Sewers, and Other Buried ConduitsB864/B864M Specification for Corrugated Aluminum BoxCulvertsE29 Practice for Using Sig

13、nificant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsF467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General UseF467M Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use(Metric)1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on LightMetals and Alloys and is the direct

14、 responsibility of Subcommittee B07.08 onCorrugated Aluminum Pipe and Corrugated Aluminum Structural Plate.Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B746/B746M02(2007). DOI: 10.1520/B0746_B0746M-02R12.2For referen

15、ced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C

16、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.F468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,and Studs for General UseF468M Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex CapScrews, and Studs for General Use (Metric)F568M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel ExternallyThreaded Metric Fasteners (Me

17、tric)3F593 Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex CapScrews, and StudsF594 Specification for Stainless Steel NutsF738M Specification for Stainless Steel Metric Bolts,Screws, and StudsF836M Specification for Style 1 Stainless Steel Metric Nuts(Metric)2.2 American National Standards:4B18.2.1 Squ

18、are and Hex Bolts and Screws, Inch SeriesB18.2.2 Square and Hex NutsB18.2.3.6M Bolts, Metric, Heavy HexB18.2.4.6M Hex Nuts, Heavy, Metric3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 archa part circle shape spanning an open invertbetween the footings on which it rests.3.1.2

19、box culverta rectangular box with short-radius inupper corners and a long-radius crown. It can be with fullinvert or with footing pads.3.1.3 fabricatorthe producer of the components for thefinished product.3.1.4 flat platesheet or plate used to fabricate structuralplate.3.1.5 manufacturerthe produce

20、r of the flat plate andaccessories.3.1.6 pipea conduit having full circular shape; also, in ageneral context, all structure shapes covered by this specifica-tion.3.1.7 pipe-archan arch shape with an approximate semi-circular crown, small-radius corners, and large-radius invert.3.1.8 pipe, horizontal

21、 ellipsean elliptically shaped pipewith the horizontal diameter approximately 20 % greater thanthe nominal diameter.3.1.9 pipe, vertically elongatedan elliptically shaped pipewith the vertical diameter up to 10 % greater than the nominaldiameter.3.1.10 purchaserthe purchaser of the finished product.

22、3.1.11 special shapea shape, other than described else-where in this section, suitable for fabrication with structuralplate.3.1.12 structural platea corrugated and curved platewhich is field assembled with other structural plates to form therequired structure.3.1.13 vehicular underpassa high arch sh

23、ape with anapproximate semicircular crown, large-radius sides, small-radius corners between sides and invert, and large-radiusinvert.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information as necessary to adequately describethe desired product:4

24、.1.1 Name of material (aluminum alloy structural plate andaccessories),4.1.2 Description of structure (see Section 3),4.1.3 Number of structures,4.1.4 ASTM designation and year of issue, as B746_ forinch-pound units or B746M_ for SI units.4.1.5 Dimensions of structure (diameter or span and rise,and

25、length, etc.) (see 7.2),4.1.6 Thickness of plate (see 7.1),4.1.7 Type of bolts; whether aluminum, stainless steel, orsteel bolts are required or permitted. If not specified, steel boltsand nuts shall be furnished (see 5.3 and Note 2),4.1.8 End treatment (bevel, skew, grade or slope correc-tions, or

26、other special provision if required by the project plansor specifications),4.1.9 Special requirements (including extrusion reinforce-ment locations and shapes), if required, and4.1.10 Certification, if required.NOTE 1Typical ordering descriptions are as follows: (1) Structuralplates and fasteners fo

27、r two aluminum alloy structural plate pipes, perASTM B746_, 180-in. dia., 0.100-in. plate thickness, each 140-ftnominal centerline length with end treatment as shown on plans. (2)Structural plates and fasteners for one aluminum alloy structural plate pipearch, per ASTM B746_, 3860 mm span by 2460 mm

28、 rise, 3.81 mmplate thickness, 27.0 m nominal centerline length with square ends.5. Materials5.1 Flat PlateInsofar as applicable, flat plate shall con-form to the requirements of Specification B209 or B209M. Theplates shall be fabricated from alloy 5052-H141. The mechani-cal properties for alloy 505

29、2-H141 shall conform to therequirements of Table 1.5.2 ExtrusionsThe extrusions for circumferential or lon-gitudinal stiffeners, or secondary structural components, shallbe fabricated from aluminum alloys 6061-T6 or 6063-T6conforming to Specification B221 or B221M.5.3 Assembly FastenersExcept as pro

30、vided elsewhere inthis section, bolts and nuts shall conform to the requirementsspecified in Table 2 and Table 3. The bearing surface of bothbolts and nuts shall be shaped to a 1-in. (25-mm) radiusspherical surface, or to a uniform taper of approximately 22 toform a conical surface. In lieu of bolts

31、 and nuts with the specialbearing surface, standard type bolts and nuts with specialwashers may be used. The number of nuts and bolts of eachsize and length furnished shall be 2 % in excess of thetheoretical number required to field erect the structure orstructures. Bolt lengths shall be such as to

32、result in at least “fullnut” engagement when tightened in place.NOTE 2Aluminum bolts and nuts, due to lower strength propertiesthan steel bolts, have lower allowable design seam strengths in pipe withall plate thicknesses, but especially so for plate thicknesses greater than0.175 in. (4.44 mm). The

33、purchaser should indicate which bolts and nutsare acceptable or required based on his design calculations. Corrosionshould be considered in selecting bolt types for use in corrosive environ-ments.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Availabl

34、e from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.B746/B746M 02 (2012)26. Fabrication6.1 Structural plates shall be fabricated from flat sheets orplates, corrugated in accordance with 6.2, punched for boltedlap seams in accordance w

35、ith 6.3 and curved to the requiredradius.6.2 CorrugationsCorrugations shall form smooth con-tinuous curves and tangents. Corrugations shall form annularrings (complete or partial) about the axis of the structure. Thedimensions of the corrugations shall be in accordance withTable 4.6.3 Bolt HolesThe

36、bolt holes shall be punched so that allplates having like dimensions, curvature, and same number ofbolts per foot of seam shall be interchangeable. Longitudinalseams shall have holes for four bolts per corrugation, with twoholes in each valley and two holes in each crest, with the holesplaced 134 in

37、. (45 mm) apart. Circumferential seams in thefinished product shall provide for a bolt spacing of not morethan 10 in. (250 mm). The diameter of the bolt holes in thelongitudinal seams shall not exceed the bolt diameter by morethan18 in. (3 mm) except those in the plate corners. Bolt holesin circumfe

38、rential seams, including plate corners, may beslotted with a width equal to the bolt diameter plus14 in. (3mm) and a length equal to the bolt diameter plus38 in. (10mm). The minimum distance from the center of a hole to theedge of a plate shall be 134 times the diameter of the bolt.Holes shall be pr

39、ovided as required for connecting headwallanchors, bearings, and miscellaneous attachments.6.4 Special PlatesPlates for forming skewed ends, bev-eled ends, or curved alignment shall be accurately cut to fit theorder plans. Cut edges of plates shall be free of notches,gouges, or burrs and shall prese

40、nt a workmanlike finish.Legible identification shall be placed on each special plate todesignate its proper position in the finished structure andreferenced to the approved erection drawings.6.5 ExtrusionsExtrusions for longitudinal or circumferen-tial structural reinforcing, if required, shall be a

41、s sized andlocated on the order plans, and fabricated from aluminum alloy6061-T6. Extrusions for receiving angles or receiving channelson arches or other less critical structural members, if required,shall be as sized and located on the order plans, and shall befabricated from aluminum alloy 6061-T6

42、 or 6063-T6.7. Dimensions7.1 Plate ThicknessPlate thickness shall be as specifiedby the purchaser from the specified plate thickness listed inTable 5 (Note 3). For corrugated plate, the thickness shall bemeasured on the tangents of the corrugations.NOTE 3The purchaser should determine the required t

43、hickness ac-cording to the design criteria in Practice B790/B790M.7.2 Cross-Section DimensionsCross-section dimensions,such as diameter, span and rise, and radius of curvature, shallbe measured to the inside crest of corrugations. The averagediameter of circular pipe, based on two measurements at 90

44、 toTABLE 1 Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Structural Plate, Alloy 5052-H141ASpecified ThicknessTensile Strength,minYield Strength(0.2 % offset), minElongation, %min in 2 in. or50 mmin. mm ksi MPa ksi MPa0.1000.1500.1750.2502.543.814.446.3535.534.024523524.024.016516568ATo determine conformance wi

45、th this specification, each value for tensile strength and for yield strength shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1 ksi (1 MPa) and each valuefor elongation to the nearest 0.5%, both in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.TABLE 2 (B746) Bolt and Nut RequirementsBolts NutsGeneral Dimens

46、ions ANSI B18.2.1 Heavy Hex ANSI B18.2.2 Heavy HexSteel Bolts and Nuts A307AA563 Grade AZinc Coating A153/A153M or B695 Class 50 A153/A153M or B695 Class 50Stainless Steel Bolts and Nuts F593 Alloy Group 1, 2, or 3 F594 Alloy Group 1, 2, or 3Aluminum Bolts and Nuts F468 Alloy 6061-T6 F467 Alloy 6061

47、-T6Nominal Diameter, in.3434ABolts conforming to Specifications A325 or A449 with suitable nuts may be substituted.TABLE 3 (B746M) Bolt and Nut RequirementsBolts NutsGeneral Dimensions ANSI B18.2.3.6M Heavy Hex ANSI B18.2.4.6M Heavy HexSteel Bolts and Nuts F568M Class 4.6AA563M Class 5Zinc Coating A

48、153/A153M or B695 Class 50 A153/A153M or B695 Class 50Stainless Steel Bolts and Nuts F738M Alloy Group A1, A2, or A4 F836M Alloy Group A1, A2, or A4Aluminum Bolts and Nuts F468M Alloy 6061-T6 F467M Alloy 6061-T6Nominal Diameter, metric size M 20 M 20ABolts through Class 8.8 with suitable nuts may be

49、 substituted.TABLE 4 Corrugation RequirementsNominalSizeMaximumPitchAMinimumDepthBInside RadiusNominal MinimumB746All values in in.9by212 938 238 214 2.0B746MAll values in mm230 by 64 238 60 57 51APitch is measured from crest to crest of corrugations, at 90 to the direction ofthe corrugations.BDepth is measured as the vertical distance from a straightedge resting on thecorrugation crests parallel to the axis of the pipe, to the bottom of the interveningvalley.B746/B746M 02 (2012)3each other, shall not vary more than 62 % fro