ASTM B751-2008 Standard Specification for General Requirements for Nickel and Nickel Alloy Welded Tube《焊接镍和镍钴合金管标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: B 751 08Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Nickel and Nickel Alloy WeldedTube1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last

2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification contains various requirements that,with the exception of Sections 6 and 7, are mandatoryrequirements to

3、the following ASTM nickel and nickel alloy,longitudinally welded tubular product specifications:Title of SpecificationASTMDesignationWelded UNS N08020, N08024, and UNS N08026 Alloy Tubes B 468Welded UNS N08120, UNS N08800, UNS N08810, UNSN08811 Alloy TubesB 515Welded Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy (UNS

4、N06600, UNSN06603, UNS N06025, and UNS N06045) TubesB 516Welded Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Tube B 626UNS N08904, UNS N08925, and UNS N08926 Welded Tube B 674UNS N08366 and UNS N08367 Welded Tube B 676Welded UNS N06625, N06219, and N08825 Alloy Tubes B 704Ni-Cr-Mo-Co-W-Fe-Si Alloy (UNS N06333) We

5、lded Tube B 726Welded Nickel (UNS N02200/UNS N02201) and Nickel Cop-per Alloy (UNS N04400) TubeB 7301.2 One or more of the test requirements of Section 6 applyonly if specifically stated in the product specification or in thepurchase order.1.3 In case of conflict between a requirement of the product

6、specification and a requirement of this general specification,only the requirement of the product specification need besatisfied.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for info

7、rmation onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety D

8、ata Sheet for this product/material as pro-vided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices, and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 468 Specification for Welded UNS N08020, N08024, andN08026 All

9、oy TubesB 515 Specification for Welded UNS N08120, UNSN08800, UNS N08810, and UNS N08811 Alloy TubesB 516 Specification for Welded Nickel-Chromium-Iron Al-loy (UNS N06600, UNS N06603, UNS N06025, and UNSN06045) TubesB 626 Specification for Welded Nickel and Nickel-CobaltAlloy TubeB 674 Specification

10、 for UNS N08925, UNS N08354, andUNS N08926 Welded TubeB 676 Specification for UNS N08367 Welded TubeB 704 Specification for Welded UNS N06625, UNSN06219 and UNS N08825 Alloy TubesB 726 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333)Welded TubeB 730 Specif

11、ication for Welded Nickel (UNS N02200/UNSN02201) and Nickel Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) TubeB 880 Specification for General Requirements for ChemicalCheck Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys andCobalt AlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Ha

12、rdness of MetallicMaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE39 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel3E76 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Nickel-CopperAlloys3E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE 213 Practic

13、e for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipeand Tubing1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published

14、 November 2008. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B 751 - 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docum

15、ent Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the WeldZone of Welded Pipe and TubingE 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tu

16、-bular Products Using Magnetic SaturationE 426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austen-itic Stainless Steel and Similar AlloysE 571 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Nickel and Nickel Alloy Tubular ProductsE 1

17、473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel,Cobalt, and High-Temperature Alloys2.2 Other Documents:SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for NondestructivePersonnel Qualification and Certification43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 average diameter, nthe average of the maximumand minimum outside diam

18、eters, as determined at any onecross section of the tube.3.1.2 nominal wall, na specified wall thickness with aplus and minus tolerance from the specified thickness.3.1.3 thin wall tube, ntube with specified wall thickness3 % or less of the specified outside diameter.3.1.4 welded tube, na hollow pro

19、duct of round or anyother cross section having a continuous periphery.4. Dimensions and Permissible Variations4.1 Diameter and Wall ThicknessIndividual measure-ments shall not exceed the tolerances specified in Table 1. Thepermissible variation in outside diameter is not sufficient toprovide for ova

20、lity in thin-walled tubes. For thin-walled tubesthe maximum and minimum diameters at any cross sectionshall not deviate from the nominal diameter by more than twicethe permissible variation in outside diameter given in the table;however, the mean diameter at that cross section must still bewithin th

21、e permissible variation.4.2 LengthWhen material is ordered cut-to-length, thelength shall conform to the permissible variations prescribed inTable 2.4.3 StraightnessMaterial shall be reasonably straight andfree of bends and kinks.4.4 EndsEnds shall be plain or cut and deburred.5. Workmanship, Finish

22、, and Appearance5.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and temper,smooth, and free of imperfections that would render it unfit foruse.6. Test Requirements6.1 Flange Test:6.1.1 A length of tube not less than three times the specifieddiameter or 4 in. (102 mm), whichever is longer, shall becapab

23、le of having a flange turned over at a right angle to thebody of the tube without cracking or showing imperfectionsrejectable under the provisions of the product specification.The width of the flange shall not be less than 15 % of the tubediameter.6.1.2 The flanged specimen shall not exhibit through

24、 wallcracking or any cracking observable without magnification.6.2 Flattening Test:6.2.1 A length of tube not less than 4 in. (102 mm), shall beflattened under a load applied gradually at room temperatureuntil the distance between the platens is five times the wallthickness. The weld shall be positi

25、oned 90 from the directionof the applied flattening force.6.2.2 The flattened specimen shall not exhibit cracks.6.2.3 Superficial ruptures resulting from surface imperfec-tions shall not be a cause for rejection.6.3 Flare TestThe flare test shall consist of flaring a testspecimen with an expanding t

26、ool having an included angle of60 until the specified outside diameter has been increased by30 %. The flared specimen shall not exhibit cracking throughthe wall.6.4 Pressure (Leak Test):6.4.1 HydrostaticEach tube with an outside diameter18in. (3 mm) and larger, and with wall thickness of 0.015 in.(0

27、.38 mm) and over, shall be tested by the manufacturer to aminimum internal hydrostatic pressure of 1000 psi (6.9 MPa)provided that the fiber stress calculated in accordance with the4Available fromAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 4322

28、8-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.TABLE 1 Permissible Variations for Outside Diameter and Wall Thickness of Welded TubeA,BSpecified Outside Diameter Outside DiameterPermissible Variationsof Thickness ofSpecified Nominal Wall, %Thickness ofSpecified Minimum Wall,%in. (mm) + + + Over 0.125 (3.2) to58 (16), e

29、xcl 0.004 (0.13) 0.005 (0.10) 12.5 12.5 28 058 (16) to 112 (38), incl 0.0075 (0.19) 0.0075 (0.19) 12.5 12.5 28 0Over 112 (38) to 3 (76), incl 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 12.5 12.5 28 0Over 3 (76) to 412 (114), incl 0.015 (0.38) 0.015 (0.38) 12.5 12.5 28 0Over 412 (114) to 6 (152), incl 0.020 (0.51) 0.

30、020 (0.51) 12.5 12.5 28 0AThese permissible variations in outside diameter apply only to material as finished at the mill before subsequent swaging, expanding, bending, polishing, or otherfabricating operations.BThe ovality provisions of 4.1 apply.TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in LengthAOutside Dia

31、meter, in. (mm) Cut Length, in. (mm)Over UnderCold-finished: under 2 (50.8)18 (3.2) 0Hot-finished: 2 (50.8) and over316 (4.8) 0all sizes316 (4.8) 0AThese permissible variations in length apply to tube in straight lengths. Theyapply to cut lengths up to and including 24 ft (7.3 m). For lengths over 2

32、4 ft anadditional over-tolerance of18 in. (3.2 mm) for each 10 ft (3.0 m) or fraction thereofshall be permissible up to a maximum additional over-tolerance of12 in. (12.7 mm).B751082following equation does not exceed the allowable fiber stress,S, indicated as follows:P 5 2St/D (1)where:P = hydrostat

33、ic test pressure, psi (MPa),S = allowable fiber stress, for material in the condition(temper) furnished as specified in the product speci-fication (S is calculated as the lower of23 of thespecified minimum 0.2 % offset yield strength or14 ofthe specified minimum ultimate strength for the ma-terial),

34、t = minimum wall thickness, in. (mm), equal to thespecified average wall minus the permissible minuswall tolerance, or the specified minimum wall thick-ness, andD = outside diameter of the tube, in. (mm).6.4.1.1 The test pressure shall be held for a sufficient time topermit the entire length of the

35、tube to be inspected.6.4.2 Pneumatic (Air Underwater) TestEach tube with anominal wall thickness exceeding 0.025 in. (0.64 mm) shall betested at a minimum pressure of 150 psi (1.05 MPa). The testpressure for tubes having a nominal wall thickness of 0.025 in.(0.64 mm) and under shall be 75 psi (0.52

36、MPa) minimum. Thetest pressure shall be held for a minimum of 5 s. Visualexamination is to be made when the material is submerged andunder pressure. The full length of material must be examinedfor leaks.6.4.3 If any tube shows leaks during hydrostatic or pneu-matic testing, it shall be rejected.6.5

37、Nondestructive Examination:6.5.1 Each tube shall be examined by a nondestructiveexamination method in accordance with Practices E 213,E 309, E 426,orE 571. Upon agreement, Practice E 273 shallbe employed in addition to one of the full periphery tests. Therange of tube sizes that may be examined by e

38、ach method shallbe subject to the limitations in the scope of that practice. Incase of conflict between these methods and practices and thisspecification, the requirements of this specification shall pre-vail6.5.2 The following information is for the benefit of the userof this specification.6.5.2.1

39、Calibration standards for the nondestructive electrictest are convenient standards for calibration of nondestructivetesting equipment only. For several reasons, including shape,orientation, width, etc., the correlation between the signalproduced in the electric test from an imperfection and fromcali

40、bration standards is only approximate. A purchaser inter-ested in ascertaining the nature (type, size, location, andorientation) of discontinuities that can be detected in thespecific application of these examinations should discuss thiswith the manufacturer of the tubular product.6.5.2.2 The ultras

41、onic examination referred to in this speci-fication is intended to detect longitudinal discontinuities havinga reflective area similar to or larger than the calibrationreference notches specified in 6.5.8. The examination may notdetect circumferentially oriented imperfections or short, deepdefects.6

42、.5.2.3 The eddy current examination referenced in thisspecification has the capability of detecting significant discon-tinuities, especially of the short abrupt type. Practices E 309and E 426 contain additional information regarding the capa-bilities and limitations of eddy-current examination.6.5.2

43、.4 The hydrostatic test referred to in 6.4.1 is a testmethod provided for in many product specifications. This testhas the capability of finding defects of a size permitting the testfluid to leak through the tube wall and may be either visuallyseen or detected by a loss of pressure. This test may no

44、t detectvery tight, through-the-wall defects or defects that extend anappreciable distance into the wall without complete penetra-tion.6.5.2.5 A purchaser interested in ascertaining the nature(type, size, location, and orientation) of discontinuities that canbe detected in the specific application o

45、f these examinationsshould discuss this with the manufacturer of the tubularproducts.6.5.3 Time of Examination:Nondestructive examination for specification acceptanceshall be performed after all deformation processing, heattreating, welding, and straightening operations. This require-ment does not p

46、reclude additional testing at earlier stages in theprocessing.6.5.4 Surface Condition:6.5.4.1 All surfaces shall be free of scale, dirt, grease, paint,or other foreign material that could interfere with interpretationof test results. The methods used for cleaning and preparing thesurfaces for examin

47、ation shall not be detrimental to the basemetal or the surface finish.6.5.4.2 Excessive surface roughness or deep scratches canproduce signals that interfere with the test.6.5.5 Extent of Examination:6.5.5.1 The relative motion of the tube and the transduc-er(s), coil(s), or sensor(s) shall be such

48、that the entire tubesurface is scanned, except for end effects as noted in 6.5.5.2.6.5.5.2 The existence of end effects is recognized, and theextent of such effects shall be determined by the manufacturer,and, if requested, shall be reported to the purchaser. Othernondestructive tests may be applied

49、 to the end areas, subject toagreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.6.5.6 Operator Qualifications:6.5.6.1 The test unit operator shall be certified in accordancewith SNT-TC-1A, or an equivalent documented standardagreeable to both purchaser and manufacturer.6.5.7 Test Conditions:6.5.7.1 For examination by the ultrasonic method, the mini-mum nominal transducer frequency shall be 2.0 MHz, and themaximum transducer size shall be 1.5 in. (38 mm).6.5.7.2 For eddy current testing, the excitation coil fre-quency shall be chosen to ensure adequate