1、Designation: B807/B807M 06B807/B807M 13Standard Practice forExtrusion Press Solution Heat Treatment for AluminumAlloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B807/B807M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice establishes the controls required for extrusion press solution heat treatment of the 6xxx a
3、nd 7xxx seriesaluminum alloys in Table 1 whenASTM material specifications allow use of this process in lieu of furnace solution heat treatment.For the alloys listed in Table 1, this practice is an alternate process to solution heat treatment in a furnace, such as specified inPractice B918B918/B918M
4、for the attainment of T3, T4, T6, T7, T8 and T9-type tempers (see ANSI H35.1).H35.1/H35.1M).1.2 This practice applies only to extrusion press solution heat treatment for aluminum alloys. Precipitation hardening (aging)processing and equipment calibration shall meet the practice and requirements of P
5、ractice B918B918/B918M.1.3 The values stated in either inch-poundSI units or SIinch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standards.standard. TheSI units are shown in brackets or in separate tables. The values stated in each system aremay not be exact equivalents; therefore,each system shall
6、be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance withthe practice.standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establi
7、sh appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standa
8、rds:2B557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB557M Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products (Metric)B647 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Aluminum Alloys by Means of a Webster Hardness GageB64
9、8 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Aluminum Alloys by Means of a Barcol ImpressorB881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB918B918/B918M Practice for Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum AlloysE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods f
10、or Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE2281 Practice for Process and Measurement Capability Indices2.3 ASTM Manual:2ASTM MNL 7 Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis2.4 ANSI Standards:Standard:3H35.1H35.1/H35.1M Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for AluminumH35.1M Alloy and
11、 Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum Metric1 This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals andAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 on AluminumAlloyWrought Products.Current edition approved March 15, 2006June 1, 2013. Published March 2006Ju
12、ly 2013. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20022006 asB807 02.B807/B807M 06. DOI: 10.1520/B0807_B0807M-06.10.1520/B0807_B0807M-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of A
13、STM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.Aluminum Association, Inc., 1525 Wilson Blvd., Suite600, Arlington, VA 22209, http:/www.alumi
14、num.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult p
15、rior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1
16、9428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology B881 for definitions of product terms used in this specification.3.1.1 extrudate, nmaterial exiting an extrusion die subject to further processing (quenching, stretching, cutting), to becomean extruded profile.3.1.2 extrusion
17、 billet, nsolid or hollow form, commonly cylindrical, used as the final length of material charged into theextrusion press cylinder, and is usually a cast product, but may be a wrought product or sintered from powder compact.3.1.3 extrusion log, nstarting stock for extrusion billet. Extrusion log is
18、 usually produced in lengths from which shorterextrusion billets are cut.3.1.4 extrusion press solution heat treatment, nheating an alloy to a suitable temperature and then extruding, while holdingfor a sufficient time to allow one or more soluble constituents to enter into solid solution, where the
19、y are retained in asupersaturated state after quenching.3.1.5 furnace solution heat treatment, nheating an alloy to a suitable temperature in a furnace and holding for a sufficient timeto allow one or more soluble constituents to enter into solid solution, where they are retained in a supersaturated
20、 state afterquenching.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 product class, na category of extruded product, consisting of the same alloy, temper and thickness, which can begrouped for purposes of analysis of process qualification data and/or process monitoring data.3.2.2 product t
21、ype, na category of extruded product, consisting of the same alloy and product form (such as tube, pipe, rod,bar, or profile) which can be grouped for analysis of process qualification and/or process monitoring.3.2.3 remote temperature sensing system, na system of temperature measurement of a non-co
22、ntact type usually includingeither a single or multi-wavelength radiation sensing device.4. Equipment4.1 Aluminum alloy billets are preheated prior to being extruded as prescribed in section 6.2. Usual heating methods include,but are not limited to, induction, flame impingement, or forced air. Contr
23、ols shall be adequate to ensure that the equipment canbe operated in a manner which precludes overheating of the billet or deleterious contamination of the billet by the furnaceenvironment. Induction equipment may require measurement of thermal gradients along the billet. Flame impingement devicesre
24、quire assessment of thermocouple placement relative to burner location to avoid the possibility of non-uniform surfacetemperature. Billet temperature shall be monitored and controlled to the extent that the extrusion billet is not to exceed themaximum temperature shown in Table 1 prior to extrusion
25、(see Note 1).NOTE 1Some aspects of the metallurgical structure of the alloy after solution heat treatment are influenced by the thermal characteristics of the heatingequipment used, and the starting microstructure of the billet/log. Some heating equipment achieves very rapid temperature rise and may
26、 require the metalto be soaked for a period to ensure that sufficient applicable alloying elements are taken into solid solution. This soaking stage may be eliminated if thealloying elements are substantially in solid solution prior to charging the metal to the heating equipment (this being accompli
27、shed by sufficient priorhomogenization/cooling practices).4.1.1 Automatic control and recording devices used to measure temperature at pertinent points in the heating equipment shallbe calibrated as specified in Section 5.4.2 The extrusion press equipment and controls shall be adequate to ensure tha
28、t billets are capable of being extruded inaccordance with the process requirements for the products being produced, as prescribed in Section 6.TABLE 1 Extrusion Billet or Log Temperature High LimitAAlloy Billet or Log TemperatureUpper F Upper C6005, 6005A, 6105 1050 5656005A, 6105 1050 5656061, 6262
29、 1050 5656061, 6262, 6041, 6064 1050 5656060, 6063, 6101,6463, 6360, 65601060 5706351, 6082, 1050 5656066, 6070 1020 5507004, 7005 1000 5407029, 7046, 7116, 7129, 7146 1000 540A These upper limit temperatures avoid the possibility of eutectic melting due tooverheating, and include a safety factor of
30、 approximately 25F 15C degrees.B807/B807M 1324.3 Equipment for quenching the extrudate may consist of, but is not limited to, water or water/glycol mixture in a standingwave, quench tank, spray, pressurized water device, air/water fog or air blast, or combination thereof. Controls shall be adequatet
31、o assure that the equipment is operated in a manner which achieves the required quench conditions as prescribed in section 6.6and in Table 2.5. Equipment Calibration and Standardization5.1 Non-Contact Sensor System (Remote Sensing System) Calibration and System Accuracy Test:5.1.1 Initial Calibratio
32、nNon-contact sensors shall be calibrated prior to initial use by an ISO 17025 or A2LA certifiedlaboratory. It may also be certified by the manufacturer if their process is traceable to NIST or national equivalent. Initialcalibration shall be within 6 6F 6 3C.66F 63C.5.1.2 System Accuracy Tests (SAT)
33、Non contact sensors must be compared weekly under operating conditions and temperatureto a contact thermocouple and test instrument touching the extrusion within 3 in. 75 mm of the focus point of the non-contactsensor (see Note 2). The non contact sensor must read within 6 2F 6 1C 62F 61C of the con
34、tact pyrometry system; ifnot, the non contact non-contact sensor system must be adjusted to read within the stated tolerance or an offset in operation mustbe used to account for the variation and may then be used for production.5.2 Temperature Measuring System Accuracy Test (SAT) for Contact Systems
35、 (systems other than remote sensing systems)Theaccuracy of temperature measuring system(s) shall be tested under operating conditions at least once during each week that thefacility is used. The test should be made by inserting a calibrated test temperature sensing element to contact the surface bei
36、ngmeasured within 3 in. 75 mm of the systems sensing element and reading the test temperature sensing element with a calibratedtest potentiometer (see Note 2). The sensors must agree within 6 2F 6 1C; 62F 61C; if not, the sensor system must beadjusted to read within the stated tolerance or an offset
37、 in operation must be used to account for the variation and may then be usedfor production. When the system is equipped with dual potentiometer measuring systems which are checked daily against eachother, the above checks shall be conducted at least once every three months. The dual sensors must agr
38、ee within 6 2F 6 1C;62F 61C; if not, the systems shall either be recalibrated or replaced. Alternatively, the sensors reading may be compared tothe test instrument/sensor and the discrepant system(s) recalibrated or replaced.5.3 Test Instrument/Sensor for SATThe contact pyrometer thermocouple (senso
39、r) and test instrument must be calibrated to aNIST-traceable source within 3 months of use. Calibration error of the instrument shall be no more than 6 1F 6 0.6C 61F60.6C and the sensor shall be within 6 2F 6 1C 62F 61C or 0.4 % of true temperature (whichever is greater).TABLE 2 Minimum Die Exit Tem
40、perature, Temperature EnteringQuench, and Cooling Rate in the Quench ZoneA,BAlloyMin DieExitF CMin TempEnteringQuenchF CMin CoolingRate,F/min C/min6005, 6105 950 510 825 440 300 1656105 950 510 825 440 300 1656005A 950 510 825 440 360 2006061, 6262 930 500 850 455 600 3356061, 6262, 6041,6064930 500
41、 850 455 600 3356351, 6082 950 510 900 480 600 3356060, 6063, 6101,6463, 6560930 500 825 440 150 856060, 6063, 6101,6360, 6463, 6560930 500 825 440 150 856066, 6070 970 520 910 490 900 5007004, 7005 750 1000 max/400-540 max725 385 120 65C7004, 7005 750 to 1000 max/400 to 540 max725 385 120 65C7029,
42、7046, 7116,7129, 7146900-1000 max/480-540 max750 400 600 3357029, 7046, 7116,7129, 7146900 to 1000 max/480 to 540 max750 400 600 335A The cooling rate is defined as the average temperature drop per unit of timewhen subjected to a constant cooling system from initial extrudate temperature,down to 400
43、F 205C, forced cooling allowed at a reduced rate down to 350F175C, and cooling continuing to ambient.B These minimum temperatures and cooling rates may be altered when statisticalanalysis of mechanical property test data substantiates that the material will meetthe tensile property requirements of s
44、ection 7.1 and other required materialcharacteristics characteristics.C Air or air mist only cooling preferred, as higher cooling rates may degradecorrosion performance.B807/B807M 133NOTE 2Warning: Advice should be sought from the equipment manufacturer to determine precautions necessary when insert
45、ing sensing elementsto avoid incurring any safety hazards.5.4 Continuous Billet Heating Furnace CalibrationFor continuous billet heating furnaces, the type of survey and writtenprocedures for performing the survey should be established for each particular furnace involved. The types of continuous bi
46、lletheating furnaces may vary considerably, depending upon the product and sizes involved. For some types and sizes of furnaces, theonly practical way to survey the furnace is to perform an extensive mechanical property survey of the limiting product sizes toverify conformance to the specified mecha
47、nical properties for such products.6. Extrusion Press Solution Heat Treat Procedure6.1 Pertinent control points requiring defined written operating practices, data collection, and record keeping include, but arenot limited to (see Note 3):6.1.1 Billet or log temperature in the heating equipment (sec
48、tion (6.2),6.1.2 Billet temperature upon being charged into the press container (section (6.3),6.1.3 Time from billet discharge from heating furnace to charging of billet into press container,6.1.4 Container Temperature,6.1.5 Ram Speed,6.1.6 Profile configuration,6.1.7 Extrudate temperature upon exi
49、ting the press platen (section (6.4),6.1.8 Time between extrudate exit from the extrusion die and entry into the quench zone,6.1.9 Extrudate temperature at quench entry (section (6.5),6.1.10 Extrudate temperature at completion of quench,6.1.11 Quench media temperature,6.1.12 Quench rate (section (6.6),6.1.13 System operation during normal press dead cycle, and6.1.14 System reaction to unplanned inter
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