1、Designation: B811 13 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forWrought Zirconium Alloy Seamless Tubes for NuclearReactor Fuel Cladding1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B811; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers seamless wrought zirconium-alloy tubes for nuclear fuel cladding appl
3、ication, in the outsidediameter (OD) size range of 0.200 in. (5.1 mm) to 0.650 in.(16.5 mm) and wall thickness range of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) to0.035 in. (0.89 mm).1.2 Two grades of reactor grade zirconium alloys aredescribed.1.2.1 The present UNS numbers designated for the twogrades are given in Tabl
4、e 1.1.3 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion massgain in mg/dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SIunits are to be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore eachsystem must be used independently of the other. SI val
5、uescannot be mixed with inch-pound values.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portions of this specification: This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard t
6、o establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Princi
7、ples for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B350/B350M Specification for Zirconium and ZirconiumAlloy Ingots for Nuclear ApplicationB353 Sp
8、ecification for Wrought Zirconium and ZirconiumAlloy Seamless and Welded Tubes for Nuclear Service(Except Nuclear Fuel Cladding)E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsMetric (Withdrawn 2008)3E21 Test Methods for ElevatedTemp
9、eratureTensionTests ofMetallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeG2/G2M Test Method for Corrosion Testing of Products ofZirconium, Hafnium, and Their Alloys in Water at 680F(3
10、60C) or in Steam at 750F (400C)2.2 Other Document:ANSI B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 dimensions, ntube dimensions are outside diameter,inside diameter, and wall thickness. Only two of these param-eters may be specifie
11、d in addition to length, except minimumwall may be specified with outside and inside diameter. In eachcase, ovality and wall thickness variation (WTV) may bespecified as additional requirements.3.1.2 hydride orientation fraction, Fn, nthe ratio of hy-dride platelets oriented in the radial direction
12、to the totalhydride platelets in the field examined.3.1.3 lot size, na lot shall consist of all tubes of the samesize, shape, condition, and finish produced from the same ingotby the same reduction schedule and heat treatment. The finalheat treatment shall be in a single furnace charge.1This specifi
13、cation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approve
14、d in 2013 as B811 13. DOI:10.1520/B0811-13R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last appro
15、ved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 ConnecticutAve., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http:/www.steel.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
16、2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technica
17、l Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.4 mill finish tubes, ntubes that have received allfinishing operations subsequent to final anneal, which poten-tially affects tube mechanical, dimensional, or surface condi-tion. These operations include, but are not limited to, pickling,cleaning, outer and i
18、nner surface abrasive conditioning, andstraightening.3.1.5 ovality, nthe difference between the maximum andminimum diameter, either outer or inner, as determined at anyone transverse cross-section of the tube.3.1.6 wall thickness variation (WTV), nthe differencebetween maximum and minimum wall thick
19、ness measured atany one transverse cross-section of the tube.NOTE 1Measurement of ovality andWTVmade by a helical scan witha pitch not exceeding 0.25 in. (6.5 mm) shall be considered as equivalentto “at any one cross-section of the tube.”3.2 Lot Definitions:3.2.1 castings, na lot shall consist of al
20、l castings producedfrom the same pour.3.2.2 ingot, nno definition required.3.2.3 rounds, flats, tubes, and wrought powder metallurgicalproducts (single definition, common to nuclear and non-nuclear standards) , na lot shall consist of a material of thesame size, shape, condition, and finish produced
21、 from the sameingot or powder blend by the same reduction schedule and thesame heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreedbetween manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited tothe product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or toa single furnace load for final batch anneal.3.
22、2.4 sponge, na lot shall consist of a single blendproduced at one time.3.2.5 weld fittings, ndefinition is to be mutually agreedupon between manufacturer and the purchaser.4. Ordering Information4.1 Purchase orders for tubes covered in this specificationshall include the following information to des
23、cribe adequatelythe desired material:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Grade (see Table 1),4.1.3 Condition (recrystallization annealed or stress reliefannealed),4.1.4 Tube dimensions and tolerance,4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.6 Surface texture on (roughness) the inside and outsidesurfaces (Ra(mic
24、ro-inches or micrometers),4.1.7 Surface condition on the inside diameter (ID) andoutside diameter (OD) surfaces (as pickled, blasted, abraded,etc.),4.1.8 Sample test conditions (if other than mill finishcondition) and standards for corrosion test (see Section 8.2),4.1.9 General test requirements and
25、 test plan for lots (seeSection 10),4.1.10 Number of tests and resampling plan and require-ments (see Section 11), and4.1.11 Certification of test (see Section 16).NOTE 2A typical order description may read as follows: 1500 piecesof seamless zirconium-alloy fuel clad tubes OD abraded and ID pickled,
26、Grade R60804, recrystallization annealed 0.650 in. nominal OD by 0.580in. nominal ID by 0.032 in. minimum wall by 10 ft long with a maximumOD ovality of 0.004 in. and maximum WTV of 0.005 in. in accordancewith B811 XX. Maximum surface finish to be 50 in. Ra OD and 50 in.Ra ID.4.2 In addition to the
27、information in 4.1, the followingpoints of agreement between the manufacturer and purchasershould be specified in the purchase order as required:4.2.1 Method of determining yield strength if other than0.2 % offset method (see Section 7),4.2.2 Initial gage length of mechanical test samples fordetermi
28、ning elongation after rupture if other than 2 in. (50mm),4.2.3 Mechanical property requirements for tube other thanfully recrystallization annealed (see Section 7),4.2.4 Location of the inside diameter plugs in elevatedtemperature short-time tension test, when specified (see Sec-tion 7.1.3),4.2.5 Sp
29、ecimen temperature(s) during mechanical testing ifother than room temperature and properties and test require-ments (see Section 7), and4.2.6 Grain size requirements and specimen heat treatmentmethod for stress relief annealed tubes (see Section 8.1),4.2.7 Hydride orientation specimen heat treatment
30、, ifrequired, evaluation method, and magnification of photomicro-graph (see Annex A2),4.2.8 For hydride orientation, angle theta () for determin-ing radial platelets (see Section 8.3 and Annex A2).4.2.9 Burst property acceptance requirements, when speci-fied (see Section 8.4),4.2.10 Use of mandrel a
31、nd post burst test measurementtechnique (see Annex A1).4.2.11 Contractile strain ratio acceptance criteria, whenspecified (see Section 7.3 and Annex A4).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Materials covered by this specification shall be pro-duced in accordance with Specification B350/B350M; allprocesse
32、s to be done in furnaces usually used for reactivemetals.5.2 Tubes shall be made by a process approved by thepurchaser.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The tubes shall conform to the requirements for chemi-cal composition prescribed in Table 2.6.2 Chemical Analysis:6.2.1 The analysis of the material produ
33、ced to this specifi-cation shall be the one made by the manufacturer on the ingotin accordance with Specification B350/B350M. This analysiscan be performed by the manufacturer on the ingot itself, or onTABLE 1 ASTM and UNS Number Designation for Reactor GradeZirconium AlloysGrade UNS NumberZirconium
34、-tin alloy R60802Zirconium-tin alloy R60804B811 13 (2017)2intermediate or final products with the same frequency and inthe same positions relative to the ingot as required in Specifi-cation B350/B350M. The chemical analysis of hydrogen,oxygen and nitrogen shall be determined on the finishedproduct.6
35、.2.2 Analysis shall be made using the manufacturersstandard methods. In the event of disagreement as to thechemical composition of the metal, the composition, for refereepurposes, shall be determined by a mutually acceptable labo-ratory.6.2.3 Product AnalysisProduct analysis is a check analy-sis mad
36、e by the purchaser for the purpose of verifying thecomposition of the lot. The permissible variation in the productanalysis from the specification range is as listed in Table 3.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Tension Properties:7.1.1 Recrystallization annealed tubes shall conform to therequirements for
37、mechanical properties at room temperatureprescribed in Table 4. For tubes in the cold worked and stressrelief annealed condition, tension property requirements are tobe mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.7.1.2 When so specified by the purchaser, the tensionproperties shal
38、l also be determined at the elevated temperaturesand shall conform to the limits specified by the purchaser.7.1.3 The tension test shall be conducted in accordance withTest Methods E8 or E21. Yield strength shall be determined bythe 0.2 % offset method. The tension properties shall bedetermined usin
39、g a strain rate of 0.003 to 0.007 in./in.-min(mm/mm-min) through the yield strength. After the yieldstrength has been exceeded, the cross head speed may beincreased to approximately 0.05 in./in.-min (mm/mm-min) tofailure.7.2 Burst Testing:7.2.1 Burst testing, when specified, shall be performed atroo
40、m temperature on finished tubing. Recrystallization an-nealed tubes shall conform to the requirements for burstproperties at room temperature prescribed in Table 4. If bursttest is specified for cold worked and stress relief annealedtubes, the acceptance criteria shall be agreed upon between themanu
41、facturer and the purchaser.7.2.2 If elevated temperature burst test is specified, the testmethod and acceptance criteria shall be agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and purchaser.NOTE 3Burst properties obtained at room temperature were thesubject of a 1971 round robin conducted by ASTM subcommittee
42、B10.02.5Variability in values was relatively large and should be consid-ered in setting specific limits.7.3 Contractile Strain Ratio (CSR):7.3.1 When so specified by the purchaser, the contractilestrain ratio (CSR) shall be determined at room temperature andshall conform to limits that are mutually
43、agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and purchaser.7.3.2 Contractile strain ratio testing shall be conducted inaccordance with Annex A4.5STP 551, “Zirconium in Nuclear Applications,” ASTM, 1974, pp. 1428.TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsElementUNS NumberR60802UNS NumberR60804Composition, Weight %:Tin 1.2
44、0 to 1.70 1.20 to 1.70Iron 0.07 to 0.20 0.18 to 0.24Chromium 0.05 to 0.15 0.07 to 0.13Nickel 0.03 to 0.08 . . .Oxygen 0.09 to 0.16 0.09 to 0.16Iron plus chromium plus 0.18 to 0.38 . . .NickelIron plus chromium . . . 0.28 to 0.37Maximum Impurities, Weight %:Aluminum 0.0075 0.0075Boron 0.00005 0.00005
45、Cadmium 0.00005 0.00005Calcium 0.0030 0.0030Carbon 0.027 0.027Cobalt 0.0020 0.0020Copper 0.0050 0.0050Hafnium 0.010 0.010Hydrogen 0.0025 0.0025Magnesium 0.0020 0.0020Manganese 0.0050 0.0050Molybdenum 0.0050 0.0050Nickel . . . 0.0070Niobium 0.0100 0.0100Nitrogen 0.0080 0.0080Silicon 0.0120 0.0120Tung
46、sten 0.0100 0.0100Titanium 0.0050 0.0050Uranium (Total) 0.00035 0.00035TABLE 3 Permissible Variation in Product AnalysisPermissible Variation fromthe Specification Range(Table 2), %Alloying Elements:Tin 0.050Iron 0.020Chromium 0.010Nickel 0.010Iron plus chromium 0.020Iron plus chromium plus nickel 0
47、.020Oxygen 0.020Impurity Element:Each 20 ppm or 20 %,whichever is smallerTABLE 4 Mechanical Properties of Recrystallization AnnealedTubes Tested at Room TemperatureAUNS NumbersR60802 and R60804Tension Test Properties (Longitudinal Direction):Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min 35 ksi (240 MPa)Tensile
48、 Strength, min 60 ksi (415 MPa)Elongation, min %, 2 in. (50 mm) initial gage length 20Burst Test Properties:Ultimate Hoop Strength, min 72.6 ksi (500 MPa)Percent Total Circumferential Elongation (% TCE), min 20A“RT” represents room temperature; Note 4 in Test Methods E8 and E8Mindicates that RT shal
49、l be considered to be 50 to 100F (10 to 38C) unlessotherwise specified. Paragraph 9.4.4 in Test Methods E21 states that for theduration of the test, the difference between the indicated temperature and thenominal test temperature is not to exceed 5F (3C) for tests at 1800F (1000C)and lower, and 10F (6C) for tests at higher temperatures.B811 13 (2017)3NOTE 4Contractile strain ratio testing was the subject of a 1993 roundrobin conducted by ASTM Subcommittee B10.02 using specimens withdiameter approximately 0.4 in. (10 mm). The variability wa
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