ASTM B824-2004 Standard Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings《铜合金铸件一般要求的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: B 824 04Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n

2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes general requirements c

3、om-mon to ASTM copper alloy casting specifications B 22, B 61,B 62, B 66, B 67, B 148, B 176, B 271, B 369, B 427, B 505,B 584, B 763, B 770, and B 806. These requirements apply tothe casting specifications to the extent referenced therein.1.1.1 In the event of conflict between this specification an

4、da casting specification, the requirements of the casting speci-fication shall take precedence.1.2 The chemical composition and other requirements notincluded in this specification shall be prescribed in the castingproduct specifications.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are thestandard

5、. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units, which are provided for informationonly and not considered standard.1.4 No precise quantitative relationship can be stated be-tween the properties of the metal in various locations of thesame casting or between the properties

6、of castings and those ofa test bar casting from the same metal. (See Appendix X1.)22. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents, of the issue in effect on dateof casting purchase, form, part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B 22 Specification for Bronze

7、Castings for Bridges andTurntablesB 61 Specification for Steam or Valve Bronze CastingsB 62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce MetalCastingsB 66 Specification for Bronze Castings for Steam Locomo-tive Wearing PartsB 67 Specification for Car and Tender Journal Bearings,Lined4B 148 Specific

8、ation for Aluminum-Bronze Sand CastingsB 176 Specification for Copper-Alloy Die Castings4B 194 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Plate,Sheet, Strip, and Rolled BarB 208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens forCopper-Base Alloys for Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifu-gal, and Continuous C

9、astingsB 271 Specification for Copper-Base Alloy CentrifugalCastingsB 369 Specification for Copper-Nickel Alloy CastingsB 427 Specification for Gear Bronze Alloy CastingsB 505/B 505M Specification for Copper Alloy ContinuousCastingsB 584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings forGeneral Applic

10、ationsB 763 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings forValve ApplicationB 770 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Cast-ings for General ApplicationsB 806 Specification for Copper Alloy Permanent MoldCastings for General ApplicationsB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE 8 Tes

11、t Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of SpecialBrasses and Bronzes4E 62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopper Alloys (Photometric

12、Method)E 76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-CopperAlloys4E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE 478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of CopperAlloys1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper

13、and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B 824 02.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applicatio

14、n see related specificationin Section II of that code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdr

15、awn.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 581 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Manganese-Copper Alloys3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms relat

16、ed to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B 846.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 ManufactureMechanical properties of Copper AlloyUNS Nos. C94700, C95300, C95400, C95410, C95500,C95520, and C96800 can be changed by heat treatment.Suggested heat treatments are given in the casting specifica-t

17、ions containing these alloys.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The casting material shall conform to the chemicalrequirements of the casting product specification involved.5.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits may be established and analysisrequired for unnamed

18、elements by agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.6. Mechanical Property Requirements6.1 When tension testing is required by the casting productspecification, the results shall conform to the requirements ofthat specification, when tested in accordance with Test Meth-ods E 8.7. Other R

19、equirements7.1 Hydrostatic TestWhen specified in the purchase order,a hydrostatic test shall be performed on the castings. Thedetails of the test and acceptance criteria shall be established byagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.7.2 SoundnessWhen specified in the purchase order, cas

20、t-ings shall meet soundness requirements furnished or referencedby the purchaser. In the absence of standards for soundness, therequirement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 The manufacturer shall be responsible for c

21、onforming tothe dimensional requirements of the castings as related to thedrawing when the pattern equipment is produced by themanufacturer.8.2 When the pattern equipment is provided by the pur-chaser, the manufacturer shall be responsible for conforming tothe dimensional requirements of the casting

22、s, but with anymutually agreed to exceptions relating to the provided patternequipment.8.3 Where thick and thin sections of the casting adjoin, themanufacturer shall be permitted to add fillets of adequate size,where not previously provided, subject to approval of thepurchaser.9. Workmanship, Finish

23、, and Appearance9.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering sand,cracks, and hot tears. Other surface discontinuities shall meetvisual acceptance standards agreed upon between the manu-facturer and the purchaser.10. Sampling10.1 LotA lot shall consist of: (1) all of the metal pouredfrom

24、 a single furnace or crucible melt, or (2) all the metalpoured from two or more furnaces into a single ladle, or (3) allof the metal poured from a continuous melting furnace betweencharges, or (4) all of the metal poured from an individualmelting furnace or group of melting furnaces having a uniform

25、melting stock, operating during the course of one-half shift, notto exceed 5 h.10.2 Chemical Analysis:10.2.1 The sample for chemical analysis shall be taken inaccordance with Practice E 255 for product in the final formfrom the pieces selected in 10.1 and combined into onecomposite sample. The minim

26、um weight of the compositesample shall be 150 g.10.2.2 Instead of sampling as directed in 10.2.1, the manu-facturer shall have the option of sampling at the time castingsare poured or from the semifinished product. When samples aretaken during the course of manufacture, sampling of thefinished produ

27、ct by the manufacturer is not required. Thenumber of samples taken for the determination of compositionshall be as follows:10.2.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the castings arepoured, at least one sample shall be taken for each group ofcastings poured from the same source of molten metal.10.3

28、 Tension-test bars used in meeting the requirements of6.1 shall be separately cast for the sand, permanent mold, andcentrifugal casting processes. The results represent the proper-ties of the metal going into castings poured from the same heat.The mechanical properties may not be the same as theprop

29、erties of the corresponding castings because of the solidi-fication effects of varying size, section, and design. Test barsfor continuous castings are taken from the castings andtherefore represent the properties of the casting.10.3.1 When the requirements of 6.1 have been compliedwith using separat

30、ely cast test bars, additional tests may beperformed using test bars removed from the casting with testbar location and mechanical properties agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser. It should be noted that theminimum requirements, listed in applicable specifications,were obtained usin

31、g data from separately cast coupons. Testspecimens machined from castings may not achieve theseresults.11. Number of Tests and Retests11.1 Tests:11.1.1 A chemical analysis of each element with a specifiedlimiting value shall be made on each lot. Chemical analysis forresidual elements is not required

32、 unless specified in thepurchase order.11.1.2 One tension test shall be performed on each lot.11.1.3 Should the percent elongation of any tensile-testspecimen be less than that specified and any part of the fractureis outside the middle two-thirds of the gage length or in apunched or scribed mark wi

33、thin the reduced section, thespecimen may be discarded and replaced by another from thesame lot.B82404211.1.4 If the result of any test fails to conform to thespecified requirements, two retests shall be performed. If eitherretest fails to meet the specified requirements, the lot shall berejected.11

34、.1.5 Should any of the properties be less than thatspecified and there is a discontinuity in the cross-sectional areaof the fracture, the specimen may be discarded and replaced byanother of the same lot.11.2 Retests:11.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer, a retest shall bepermitted when test resu

35、lts obtained by the purchaser fail toconform to the casting specification requirements.11.2.2 Retesting shall be as prescribed in the casting speci-fication for the initial test, except the number of test specimensshall be twice that normally required for the test. Test resultsfor all specimens shal

36、l comply with the casting specificationrequirements. Failure to comply shall be cause for rejection.11.2.3 Chemical AnalysisIf one or more of the elementswith specified limits fail to meet the compositional requirementof the product specification when determined from the sampleprepared in accordance

37、 with Practice E 255, one retest cycleshall be permitted with a second composite sample prepared inaccordance with Practice E 255.12. Specimen Preparation12.1 The specimen for chemical analysis shall be takenfrom the lot in such a manner as to avoid contamination and berepresentative of the molten m

38、etal. Sample preparation shall bein accordance with Practice E 255. Analytical specimen prepa-ration shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.12.2 Tension-test specimens shall be prepared in accordancewith Practice B 208.12.2.1 If any specimen is machined improperly or if flawsare rev

39、ealed by machining or during testing, the specimen shallbe discarded and replaced by another from the same lot.13. Test Methods13.1 Chemical Composition:13.1.1 The chemical analysis methods used for the routinedetermination of specification compliance and preparation oftest reports shall be at the d

40、iscretion of the laboratory perform-ing the analysis.13.1.2 In case of disagreement on chemical composition,referee analytical methods for copper alloys other than copper-beryllium alloys (Specification B 770) are given in Table 1.Referee analytical methods for copper-beryllium alloys aregiven in th

41、e Annex of Specification B 194.13.1.3 The determination of magnesium, niobium, zirco-nium, and titanium, for which no recognized test method isknown to be published, shall be subject to agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.13.1.4 Analytical methods for elements with ranges beyondthose

42、 given in Table 1 shall be subject to agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.13.1.5 Anayltical methods for the determination of elementsrequired by the purchase order agreement shall be as agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.13.2 Mechanical Properties:13.2.1 Tension te

43、sting shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods E 8.14. Significance of Numerical Limits14.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thefollowing table, an observed value or a calculated value shallbe rounded as indicate

44、d in accordance with the roundingmethod of Practice E 29.Property Rounded Limit for Observed orCalculated ValueChemical CompositionHardnessElectrical ResistivityElectrical Conductivitynearest unit in the last right-handsignificance digit used in expressingthe limiting valueTensile Strengthnearest ks

45、i (5 MPa)Yield StrengthElongation nearest 1 %Grain Size:Under 0.060 mm nearest multiple of 0.005 mm0.060 mm and over nearest 0.01 mm15. Inspection15.1 The manufacturer shall inspect and make tests neces-sary to verify that the product furnished conforms to thespecified requirements.15.2 The purchase

46、r may have a representative inspect orwitness the inspection and testing of the material prior toshipment. Such an arrangement shall be made by the purchaserand the manufacturer as part of the purchase order. When suchinspection or witness of inspection and testing is agreed upon,the manufacturer sh

47、all afford the purchasers representative allreasonable facilities necessary to confirm that the productmeets the requirements of the purchase order. The purchasersTABLE 1 Referee Chemical Analytical MethodsElement Range or % max Test MethodsAluminum (Al) 0.00513.5 E 478Antimony (Sb) 0.05-0.70 E 62Ar

48、senic (As) 0.0-0.50 E 62Carbon (C) 0.0-0.50 E 76Copper (Cu) 50.0-99.75 E 478Iron (Fe) 0.003-1.250.0-5.0E 478E54Lead (Pb) 0.002-15.02.0-30.0E 478;Atomic AbsorptionE 478; TitrimetricManganese (Mn) 0.10-12.012.0-23.0E62E 581Nickel (Ni)(incl Colbalt (Co)0.0-5.0 E 478; PhotometricPhosphorus (P) 0.01-1.0

49、E 62Silicon (Si) 0.005-5.50 E 54;Perchloric AcidDehydrationSulfur (S) 0.05-0.08 E 76: DirectCombustionTin (Sn) 0.01-1.00.50-20.0E 478; PhotometricE 478; TitrimetricZinc (Zn) 0.02-2.02.0-40.0E 478; AtomicAbsorptionE 478; TitrimetricB824043inspection and tests shall be conducted in such a manner thatthey will not interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturersoperation.16. Rejection and Rehearing16.1 Rejection:16.1.1 Castings that fail to comply with the requirements ofthe casting product specification, when tested by the purchaser,may be rejected.16.1.2 Rejection shall be re