ASTM B824-2011 Standard Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings《铜合金铸件一般要求的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: B824 11Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes general requirements com-

3、mon to ASTM copper alloy casting specifications B22, B61,B62, B66, B67, B148, B176, B271, B369, B427, B505/B505M, B584, B763, B770, and B806. These requirementsapply to the casting specifications to the extent referencedtherein.1.1.1 In the event of conflict between this specification anda casting s

4、pecification, the requirements of the casting speci-fication shall take precedence.1.2 The chemical composition and other requirements notincluded in this specification shall be prescribed in the castingproduct specifications.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standa

5、rd. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.4 No precise quantitative relationship can be stated be-tween the properties of the metal in various locations of thesame casting or between the propert

6、ies of castings and those ofa test bar casting from the same metal. (See Appendix X1.)22. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents, of the issue in effect on dateof casting purchase, form, part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B22 Specification for Bron

7、ze Castings for Bridges andTurntablesB61 Specification for Steam or Valve Bronze CastingsB62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce MetalCastingsB66 Specification for Bronze Castings for Steam Locomo-tive Wearing PartsB67 Specification for Car and Tender Journal Bearings,LinedB148 Specificati

8、on for Aluminum-Bronze Sand CastingsB176 Specification for Copper-Alloy Die CastingsB194 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Plate,Sheet, Strip, and Rolled BarB208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens forCopper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, andContinuous CastingsB271 Specifi

9、cation for Copper-Base Alloy CentrifugalCastingsB369 Specification for Copper-Nickel Alloy CastingsB427 Specification for Gear Bronze Alloy CastingsB505/B505M Specification for Copper Alloy ContinuousCastingsB584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings forGeneral ApplicationsB763 Specification

10、for Copper Alloy Sand Castings forValve ApplicationsB770 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Cast-ings for General ApplicationsB806 Specification for CopperAlloy Permanent Mold Cast-ings for General ApplicationsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Te

11、sting of MetallicMaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE54 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Special Brassesand Bronzes4E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopper Alloys (Photometric Methods)4E76 Test Methods for

12、 Chemical Analysis of Nickel-CopperAlloys41This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originallyap

13、proved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B824 09. DOI:10.1520/B0824-11.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code application see related specificationin Section II of that code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at s

14、erviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyr

15、ight ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE478 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of CopperAlloysE581 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis o

16、f Manganese-Copper Alloys3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B846.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to this Standard:3.2.1 lota collection of like final product (same alloy,temper, dimensions, as applicable ) produced under the same ori

17、dentical conditions from which samples were drawn forinspection or testing, or both.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 ManufactureMechanical properties of Copper AlloyUNS Nos. C94700, C95300, C95400, C95410, C95500,C95520, and C96800 can be changed by heat treatment.Suggested heat treatments are given

18、in the casting specifica-tions containing these alloys.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The casting material shall conform to the chemicalrequirements of the casting product specification involved.5.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits may be established and ana

19、lysisrequired for unnamed elements by agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.6. Mechanical Property Requirements6.1 When tension testing is required by the casting productspecification, the results shall conform to the requirements ofthat specification, when tested in accordance with Te

20、st Meth-ods E8/E8M.7. Other Requirements7.1 Hydrostatic TestWhen specified in the purchase order,a hydrostatic test shall be performed on the castings. Thedetails of the test and acceptance criteria shall be established byagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.7.2 SoundnessWhen specifi

21、ed in the purchase order, cast-ings shall meet soundness requirements furnished or referencedby the purchaser. In the absence of standards for soundness, therequirement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 The manufactur

22、er shall be responsible for conforming tothe dimensional requirements of the castings as related to thedrawing when the pattern equipment is produced by themanufacturer.8.2 When the pattern equipment is provided by the pur-chaser, the manufacturer shall be responsible for conforming tothe dimensiona

23、l requirements of the castings, but with anymutually agreed to exceptions relating to the provided patternequipment.8.3 Where thick and thin sections of the casting adjoin, themanufacturer shall be permitted to add fillets of adequate size,where not previously provided, subject to approval of thepur

24、chaser.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering sand,cracks, and hot tears. Other surface discontinuities shall meetvisual acceptance standards agreed upon between the manu-facturer and the purchaser.10. Sampling10.1 Lot SizeA lot shall consist o

25、f: (1) all of the metalpoured from a single furnace or crucible melt, or (2) all themetal poured from two or more furnaces into a single ladle, or(3) all of the metal poured from a continuous melting furnacebetween charges, or (4) all of the metal poured from anindividual melting furnace or group of

26、 melting furnaces havinga uniform melting stock, operating during the course ofone-half shift, not to exceed 5 h.10.2 Chemical Analysis:10.2.1 The sample for chemical analysis shall be taken inaccordance with Practice E255 for product in the final formfrom the pieces selected in 10.1 and combined in

27、to onecomposite sample. The minimum weight of the compositesample shall be 150 g.10.2.2 Instead of sampling as directed in 10.2.1, the manu-facturer shall have the option of sampling at the time castingsare poured or from the semifinished product. When samples aretaken during the course of manufactu

28、re, sampling of thefinished product by the manufacturer is not required. Thenumber of samples taken for the determination of compositionshall be as follows:10.2.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the castings arepoured, at least one sample shall be taken for each group ofcastings poured from the

29、 same source of molten metal.10.3 Tension-test bars used in meeting the requirements of6.1 shall be separately cast for the sand, permanent mold, andcentrifugal casting processes. The results represent the proper-ties of the metal going into castings poured from the same heat.The mechanical properti

30、es may not be the same as theproperties of the corresponding castings because of the solidi-fication effects of varying size, section, and design. Test barsfor continuous castings are taken from the castings andtherefore represent the properties of the casting.10.3.1 When the requirements of 6.1 hav

31、e been compliedwith using separately cast test bars, additional tests may beperformed using test bars removed from the casting with testbar location and mechanical properties agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser. It should be noted that theminimum requirements, listed in applicable

32、specifications,were obtained using data from separately cast coupons. Testspecimens machined from castings may not achieve theseresults.11. Number of Tests and Retests11.1 Tests:B824 11211.1.1 A chemical analysis of each element with a specifiedlimiting value shall be made on each lot. Chemical anal

33、ysis forresidual elements is not required unless specified in thepurchase order.11.1.2 One tension test shall be performed on each lot.11.1.3 Should the percent elongation of any tensile-testspecimen be less than that specified and any part of the fractureis outside the middle two-thirds of the gage

34、 length or in apunched or scribed mark within the reduced section, thespecimen may be discarded and replaced by another from thesame lot.11.1.4 If the result of any test fails to conform to thespecified requirements, two retests shall be performed. If eitherretest fails to meet the specified require

35、ments, the lot shall berejected.11.1.5 Should any of the properties be less than thatspecified and there is a discontinuity in the cross-sectional areaof the fracture, the specimen may be discarded and replaced byanother of the same lot.11.2 Retests:11.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer, a retes

36、t shall bepermitted when test results obtained by the purchaser fail toconform to the casting specification requirements.11.2.2 Retesting shall be as prescribed in the casting speci-fication for the initial test, except the number of test specimensshall be twice that normally required for the test.

37、Test resultsfor all specimens shall comply with the casting specificationrequirements. Failure to comply shall be cause for rejection.11.2.3 Chemical AnalysisIf one or more of the elementswith specified limits fail to meet the compositional requirementof the product specification when determined fro

38、m the sampleprepared in accordance with Practice E255, one retest cycleshall be permitted with a second composite sample prepared inaccordance with Practice E255.12. Specimen Preparation12.1 The specimen for chemical analysis shall be takenfrom the lot in such a manner as to avoid contamination and

39、berepresentative of the molten metal. Sample preparation shall bein accordance with Practice E255. Analytical specimen prepa-ration shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.12.2 Tension-test specimens shall be prepared in accordancewith Practice B208.12.2.1 If any specimen is machined

40、 improperly or if flawsare revealed by machining or during testing, the specimen shallbe discarded and replaced by another from the same lot.13. Test Methods13.1 Chemical Composition:13.1.1 The chemical analysis methods used for the routinedetermination of specification compliance and preparation of

41、test reports shall be at the discretion of the laboratory perform-ing the analysis.13.1.2 In case of disagreement on chemical composition,referee analytical methods for copper alloys other than copper-beryllium alloys (Specification B770) are given in Table 1.Referee analytical methods for copper-be

42、ryllium alloys aregiven in the Annex of Specification B194.13.1.3 The determination of magnesium, niobium, zirco-nium, and titanium, for which no recognized test method isknown to be published, shall be subject to agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.13.1.4 Analytical methods for elem

43、ents with ranges beyondthose given in Table 1 shall be subject to agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.13.1.5 Analytical methods for the determination of elementsrequired by the purchase order agreement shall be as agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.13.2 Mechanical

44、Properties:13.2.1 Tension testing shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods E8/E8M.14. Significance of Numerical Limits14.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thefollowing table, an observed value or a calculated va

45、lue shallbe rounded as indicated in accordance with the roundingmethod of Practice E29.Property Rounded Limit for Observed orCalculated ValueChemical CompositionHardnessElectrical ResistivityElectrical Conductivitynearest unit in the last right-handsignificance digit used in expressingthe limiting v

46、alueTensile Strengthnearest ksi (5 MPa)Yield StrengthElongation nearest 1 %Grain Size:Under 0.060 mm nearest multiple of 0.005 mm0.060 mm and over nearest 0.01 mmTABLE 1 Referee Chemical Analytical MethodsElement Range or % max Test MethodsAluminum (Al) 0.00513.5 E478Antimony (Sb) 0.05-0.70 E62Arsen

47、ic (As) 0.0-0.50 E62Carbon (C) 0.0-0.50 E76Copper (Cu) 50.0-99.75 E478Iron (Fe) 0.003-1.250.0-5.0E478E54Lead (Pb) 0.002-15.02.0-30.0E478;Atomic AbsorptionE478; TitrimetricManganese (Mn) 0.10-12.012.0-23.0E62E581Nickel (Ni)(incl Cobalt (Co)0.0-5.0 E478; PhotometricPhosphorus (P) 0.01-1.0 E62Silicon (

48、Si) 0.005-5.50 E54;Perchloric AcidDehydrationSulfur (S) 0.05-0.08 E76: DirectCombustionTin (Sn) 0.01-1.00.50-20.0E478; PhotometricE478; TitrimetricZinc (Zn) 0.02-2.02.0-40.0E478; AtomicAbsorptionE478; TitrimetricB824 11315. Inspection15.1 The manufacturer shall inspect and make tests neces-sary to v

49、erify that the product furnished conforms to thespecified requirements.15.2 The purchaser may have a representative inspect orwitness the inspection and testing of the material prior toshipment. Such an arrangement shall be made by the purchaserand the manufacturer as part of the purchase order. When suchinspection or witness of inspection and testing is agreed upon,the manufacturer shall afford the purchasers representative allreasonable facilities necessary to confirm that the productmeets the requirements of the purchase order. The purchasersinspection and tests shal