ASTM B86-2009a Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die Castings.pdf

1、Designation: B 86 09aStandard Specification forZinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and DieCastings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 86; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev

2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers commercial zinc, z

3、inc-aluminum castings and continuous cast bar stock, as designatedand specified in Table 1. Seven alloy compositions are speci-fied and designated as follows:Common Traditional ASTMAUNSAlloy 3 Zamak 3 AG 40ABZ33520Alloy 7 Zamak 7 AG 40B Z33523Alloy 5 Zamak 5 AC 41ABZ35531Alloy 2 Zamak 2 AC 43A Z3554

4、1ZA-8 ZA-8 . Z35636ZA-12 ZA-12 . Z35631ZA-27 ZA-27 . Z35841_ASee Table 1, Footnote C.BSAE Specification, Nos. 903 and 925 conform to the requirements for alloysAG40A and AC41A, respectively.1.2 Zinc Alloys Z33520, Z33523, Z35531, and Z35541 areused primarily in the manufacture of pressure die castin

5、gs.Zinc-Aluminum Alloys Z35636, Z35631, and Z35841 are usedin the manufacture of both foundry and pressure die castings.These alloys are also fabricated into continuous cast bar stockused for prototyping and screw machine stock.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.

6、1.4 Systems of nomenclature used to designate zinc andzinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys used for casting are described inAppendix X1.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become famili

7、arwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documen

8、ts2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof order acceptance form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B 240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA)Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die CastingsB 275 Practice for Codification of

9、Certain Nonferrous Met-als and Alloys, Cast and WroughtB 557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and CastAluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB 899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals andAlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impa

10、ct Testing ofMetallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE47 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc Die-Casting Alloys3E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloysin Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composit

11、ionE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)E 536 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Zinc and ZincAlloysE 634 Practice for Sampling of Zinc and Zinc Alloys forOptical Emission Spectrometric Analysis2.3 North American Die Casting Association (NADCA):4NADCA

12、Product Specification Standards for Die Castings2.4 Federal Standard:5Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium.C

13、urrent edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published September 2009. Originallyapproved in 1931. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B 86 - 09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards

14、volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from North American Die Casting, Assn., 2000 5th Ave., RiverGrove, IL 60171, http:/www.diecasting.org.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins

15、 Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.5 Military Standard:5MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment a

16、nd Storage (MilitaryAgencies)2.6 Military Specification:5MIL-P-116 Methods of Preservation2.7 ISO Standards:6ISO 301 Zinc Alloy Ingots Intended for CastingISO 15201 Zinc and Zinc alloys Castings Specifica-tionsISO 3815-1 Zinc and zinc alloys Part 1:Analysis of solidsamples by optical emission spectr

17、ometryISO 3815-2 Zinc and zinc alloys Part 2: Analysis byinductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry3. Terminology3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with TerminologyB 899.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 continuous casting, na casting technique in which aca

18、st is continuously withdrawn through the bottom of the moldas it solidifies, so that its length is not determined by molddimensions; used chiefly to produce semifinished mill productssuch as billets, blooms, ingots, slabs, and tubes; also known asconcast.3.2.2 die casting, na casting process in whic

19、h moltenmetal is injected under high velocity and pressure into a metaldie and solidified, also a product produced by such a process.Alternately known as pressure die casting.3.2.3 foundry casting, nmetal object produced by intro-ducing molten metal by gravity into a mold of any type andallowing it

20、to solidify.3.2.4 permanent mold casting, nmetal object produced byintroducing molten metal by gravity or low pressure into amold constructed of durable material, usually iron or steel, andallowing it to solidify. When a graphite mold is used theprocess is known as graphite permanent mold casting.3.

21、2.5 sand casting, nmetal object produced by introduc-ing molten metal by gravity into a sand mold and allowing it tosolidify.3.2.6 semipermanent mold casting, npermanent moldcasting which is made using an expendable core such as sand.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for die castings shall include t

22、he following basicinformation:4.1.1 This specification number and date,4.1.2 Quantity and delivery schedule, as required,4.1.3 Part name and number,4.1.4 Alloy (Table 1), and4.1.5 Drawing of casting, when required, giving all neces-sary dimensions and showing latest revisions and allowancesfor match

23、ing, if any. Location of ejector pin marks or partinglines shall be at the option of the producer, unless specificallydesignated on the drawing.4.2 Additional tests, options, and special inspection require-ments as provided as follows should be justified only on thebasis of need. These shall be spec

24、ified in the contract orpurchase order, as additional procedures and extended deliverytime may be involved.4.2.1 Chemical analysis (6.1.1),4.2.2 Quality assurance (Section 15),4.2.3 Special proof tests or mechanical properties (Section7),4.2.4 General quality options for internal soundness or forfin

25、ish (Section 14),6Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementAlloy 3A,B,C,DZamak 3(AG40A)Z33520Alloy 7A,B,C,DZamak 7(AG40B)Z33523Alloy 5A,B,C,DZamak 5(AC41A)Z35531Alloy 2A,C,DZamak(

26、AC43A)Z355412ZA-8A,C,EZA-8Z35636ZA-12A,C,EZA-12Z35631ZA-2A,C,EZA-27Z35841Aluminum 3.7-4.3 3.5-4.3 3.7-4.3 3.7-4.3 8.0-8.8 10.5-11.5 25.0-28.0Magnesium 0.02-0.06F0.005-0.020 0.02-0.06F0.02-0.06 0.01-0.03 0.01-0.03 0.01-0.02Copper 0.1 maxG0.25 max 0.7-1.2 2.6-3.3 0.8-1.3 0.5-1.2 2.0-2.5Iron, max 0.05

27、0.075 0.05 0.05 0.075 0.075 0.075Lead, max 0.005 0.003 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.006Cadmium, max 0.004 0.002 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.006 0.006Tin, max 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.003Nickel . . . 0.005-0.020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ZincHremainder remainder remainder remainder remainder rem

28、ainder remainderAFor purposes of acceptance and rejection, the observed value or calculated value obtained from analysis should be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-handplace of figures, used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the rounding procedure prescribed in Pract

29、ice E29.BZinc alloy castings may contain nickel, chromium, silicon, and manganese in amounts of 0.02, 0.02, 0.035, and 0.06 %, respectively. No harmful effects have ever beennoted due to the presence of these elements in these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elemen

30、ts, with the exception of nickel analysisfor Z33522.CASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B 275. The UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E 527. The lastdigit of a UNS number differentiates between alloys of similar composition. The UNS design

31、ations for ingot and casting versions of an alloy were not assigned in the samesequence for all alloys.DWhen this material is required to conform to ISO 301, the chemical limits for thallium and indium each shall not exceed 0.001 %.EZinc-aluminum ingot for foundry and pressure die casting may contai

32、n chrome, manganese, or nickel in amounts of up to 0.01 % each or 0.03 % total. No harmfuleffects have ever been noted due to the presence of these elements in up to these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements.FMagnesium may be as low as 0.015 % provided that th

33、e lead, cadmium, and tin do not exceed 0.003, 0.003, and 0.001 %, respectively.GFor the majority of commercial applications, a copper content up to 0.7 % will not adversely affect the serviceability of die castings and should not serve as a basisfor rejection, unless otherwise specified in the contr

34、act or purchase order between the producer and user, such as to meet the requirements of ISO 15201.HDetermined arithmetically by difference.B8609a24.2.5 Source inspection (Section 9),4.2.6 Certification (Section 11),4.2.7 Marking for identification (Section 12), and4.2.8 Special packaging (Section 1

35、3).5. Material5.1 The metal used in the manufacture of die castings shallbe zinc alloy of a specified chemical composition conformingto the requirements of Specification B 240.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 LimitsThe casting shall conform to the requirementsas to chemical composition prescribed in Tabl

36、e 1. Conform-ance shall be determined by the producer by analyzing samplestaken at the time that castings are made. If the producer hasdetermined the chemical composition of the metal during thecourse of manufacture, he shall not be required to sample andanalyze the finished product.NOTE 1The chemic

37、al compositions prescribed in Table 1 (not includ-ing the footnotes) for Alloys 3, 5, 2, ZA-8, ZA-12, and ZA-27 conform tothe prescribed chemical compositions in ISO 15201.6.1.1 When a detailed chemical analysis is required with ashipment, it shall be called for in the contract or purchase order.6.1

38、.2 If the producers or suppliers method of compositioncontrol is acceptable, sampling for chemical composition maybe waived at the discretion of the purchaser.6.2 Number of SamplesWhen required, samples for deter-mination of chemical composition shall be taken to representthe following:6.2.1 A sampl

39、e shall be taken from each of two representa-tive castings selected from each lot defined in 15.2.6.3 Methods of SamplingSamples from castings for de-termination of chemical composition shall be taken in accor-dance with one of the following methods:6.3.1 Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken

40、 from thematerial by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping arepresentative piece or pieces to obtain a weight of preparedsample not less than 100 g. Sampling shall be in accordancewith Practice E88.6.3.2 By agreement, an appropriate spectrographic samplemay be prepared at the time of manuf

41、acture (for example, seePractice E 634). This sample will be used for analysis byoptical emission spectrometry, a common method used by theindustry. ISO 3815-1 represents a typical method and may beconsulted as a guide.6.3.3 The method of sampling cast products for spectro-chemical and other methods

42、 of analysis shall be suitable for theform of material being analyzed and the type of analyticalmethod used.6.4 Method of AnalysisThe determination of chemicalcomposition shall be made in accordance with suitable analyti-cal methods. In case of dispute, the results secured by anapproved method (or c

43、ombination of approved methods), or bya method agreed upon by both parties, shall be the basis ofacceptance.6.4.1 Approved methods include: Test Methods E 536, TestMethods E47(for tin) or ISO 3815-2.7. Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties and Tests7.1 Unless specified in the contract or purcha

44、se order, orspecified on the detail drawing, acceptance of castings underthis specification shall not depend on mechanical propertiesdetermined by tension or impact tests.7.1.1 Appendix X2 shows typical mechanical properties,determined on separately cast test bars produced under care-fully controlle

45、d conditions.7.1.2 While these typical mechanical properties of sepa-rately cast test bars are useful for comparing the relativeproperties of various casting alloys, they should not be used toestablish design limits or acceptance criteria.7.1.3 If tension or impact tests are made on separately castt

46、est bars, test specimens conforming to the dimensions shownin Test Methods B 557 (the figure entitled, Standard TensionTest Specimen for Die Castings), Test Methods E8, (the figureentitled Standard Test Specimen for Cast Iron), and of TestMethods E23 (the figure entitled, Charpy (Simple-Beam)Impact

47、Test Specimens, Types A, B, and C) shall be used, andprocess operating variables shall be optimized for the specificmold or die being used.7.1.4 When specified in the contract or purchase order,castings shall withstand proof tests without failure as definedby agreement between the purchaser and the

48、producer orsupplier.7.2 Appendix X3 shows typical physical properties of zincand zinc-aluminum (ZA) casting alloys and does not constitutea part of this specification but is provided for informationalpurposes only.8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 Permissible variations in dimension

49、s shall be within thelimits specified on the drawings or in the contract or purchaseorder.8.1.1 For die castings, any dimensions for which a toleranceis not specified shall be in accordance with NADCA ProductSpecification Standards for Die Castings.8.2 Dimensional tolerance deviations waived by the pur-chaser shall be confirmed in writing to the producer or supplier.9. Source Inspection9.1 If the purchaser desires that his representative inspect orwitness the inspection and testing of the product prior toshipment, such agreement shall be made by the pur