1、Designation: B873 12B873 17Standard Test Method forMeasuring Volume of Apparent Density Cup Used in TestMethods B 212, B 329,B212, B329, and B 417B4171This standard is issued under the fixed designation B873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、 in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the volume of the apparent de
3、nsity cups used in Test Methods B212,B329, and B417.1.2 The apparent density cup, particularly its rim, may become worn during use, and it is recommended that the volume of thecup be checked periodically (at least every 6 months) in order to ensure that it complies with the specified volume.1.3 With
4、 the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubiccentimetre (g/cm3) and gram (g) units is the long standing industry practice, the values in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address al
5、l of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with
6、internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B2
7、12 Test Method for Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter FunnelB243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB329 Test Method for Apparent Density of Metal Powders and Compounds Using the Scott VolumeterB417 Test Method for Apparent Density of Non-Free-Flowing Metal Powders
8、Using the Carney FunnelE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of powder metallurgy terms can be found in Terminology B243.Additional descriptive informationis available in the Related Materials section
9、 of Vol 02.05 of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The apparent density cup is filled with water and weighed to obtain the mass of water contained, which is then convertedto a volume.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method enables the measurement of the volume of the
10、 apparent density cup to ensure that it complies with thespecified volume of 25.00 6 0.03 cm3 (cylindrical cup), or 16.39 6 0.05 cm3 (square cup). Use of an out-of-specification cup willgive erroneous apparent density values using the formulae in Test Methods B212, B329, and B417.1 This test method
11、is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B09 on Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B09.02on Base Metal Powders.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012April 1, 2017. Published November 2012. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition appro
12、ved in 20072012 asB873 01B873 12.(2007). DOI: 10.1520/B0873-12.10.1520/B0873-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page o
13、n the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that user
14、s consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh
15、ocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Apparatus6.1 Density CupA cylindrical cup (see Fig. 1) designed to have a capacity of 25.00 6 0.03 cm3 (as in Test Methods B212,B329, and B417) or a square cup designed to have a capacity of 16.39 6 0.05 cm3 (as in Test Method B329).6.2 Balance, readable to 0.0
16、001 g with a minimum capacity of 200 g to be used for determining mass to the nearest0.001 g.6.3 Microscope SlideA transparent microscope slide at least as wide as the outer diameter of the apparent density cup.6.4 WaterDistilled or deionized water boiled to remove dissolved air.6.5 AlcoholLow resid
17、ue ethyl alcohol.6.6 WireA wire not exceeding 2.5 mm in diameter by 150 mm long.6.7 ThermometerA thermometer capable of measuring the temperature of the water to the nearest 1C.7. Procedure7.1 Boil at least 150 mL of distilled or deionized water for 5 min to remove dissolved air. Cool to room temper
18、ature and handleso as to avoid the introduction of air bubbles.7.2 Clean the density cup with alcohol and dry thoroughly.7.3 Weigh, to the nearest 0.001 g, the Weigh the density cup along with a clean, clear microscope slide. This is the tare mass,T.7.4 Fill the density cup with the prepared water u
19、ntil the water overflows.7.5 Dislodge any air bubbles inside the density cup with a clean wire.7.6 Slide the clean, clear microscope slide horizontally across the rim of the density cup, spilling the excess water over the sidesof the cup and center the microscope slide on top of the cup.7.7 If any a
20、ir bubbles appear, remove the microscope slide and return to 7.4.7.8 Dry the outside of the density cup and the exposed surfaces of the microscope slide with paper toweling. Ensure that theabsorbency of the toweling does not wick water from inside the cup.7.9 Weigh, to the nearest 0.001 g, the Weigh
21、 the dried density cup filled with water with the microscope slide on top. This isthe gross mass, G.7.10 Measure the temperature of the water to the nearest 1C and determine the density of the water, w, from Table 1.FIG. 1 Cylindrical Apparent Density CupB873 1728. Calculation8.1 Calculate the mass
22、of water contained in the density cup from the following formula:M5G2T (1)where:M = mass of water in the density cup,G = gross mass of density cup, plus water, plus microscope slide, andT = tare mass of density cup plus microscope slide.M = mass of water in the density cup, g,G = gross mass of densi
23、ty cup, plus water, plus microscope slide, g, andT = tare mass of density cup plus microscope slide, g.8.2 Calculate the volume of the density cup, V, from the following relationship:V5Mw(2)where:V = volume of the density cup, cm3,M = mass of water in the density cup, g, andw = density of the water
24、from Table 1, g/cm3.9. Report9.1 Report the volume of the density cup to the nearest0.01 cm3.10. Precision and Bias10.1 The precision of this standard was developed by the Metal Powder Industries Federation (MPIF) and is used herein withtheir permission.The precision repeatability limit (rand bias )
25、 and reproducibility limit (R) of this test method is currently under development inSubcommittee B09.02 on Base Metal Powders.were determined in 2014 by an interlaboratory study in which eight laboratoriesparticipated. Six laboratories supplied single data sets while one provided two sets and anothe
26、r three, making a total of eleven datasets. Three density cups were circulated to participants and three repetitions were performed for each cup. The data were analyzedusing Practice E691 and the results are summarized in Research Report: MPPA-R-53-2014. A copy of the report is available fromMPIF.10
27、.2 The repeatability limit (r), was found to be 0.02 cm3 . Duplicate results from the same laboratory (individualdeterminations prior to averaging) should be considered acceptable at the 95% confidence level unless they differ by more thanr, the repeatability limit.10.3 The reproducibility limit (R)
28、, was found to be 0.04 cm3 . Duplicate results from two different laboratories (individualdeterminations prior to averaging) should be considered acceptable at the 95% confidence level unless they differ by more thanR, the reproducibility limit.TABLE 1 Density of Air-Free WaterATemperature (C) w, De
29、nsity (g/cm3)15 0.999116 0.998917 0.998818 0.998619 0.998420 0.998221 0.998022 0.997823 0.997524 0.997325 0.997026 0.996827 0.996528 0.996229 0.995930 0.9956A Metrological Handbook 145,“ Quality Assurance for Measurements,” NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology, 1990, p. 9, 10.B873 17311. Ke
30、ywords11.1 apparent density cup; cup volume; density cup; measuring cup volume; volume of cupSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B873 01B873 12(2007) that may impact the use of this standard.(1) Added a statement of un
31、its in Section 1.Deleted “to the nearest 0.001 g” in Sections 7.3 and 7.9 to prevent rounding prior tocalculation.(2) Modified the description of the balance Added a precision statement in Section 106.2. .(3) Deleted Sections 9.1.1 and 9.1.2 from the Report section.ASTM International takes no positi
32、on respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility
33、.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM I
34、nternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address sho
35、wn below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 174
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