ASTM B883-2005 Standard Specification for Metal Injection Molding (MIM) Ferrous Materials《金属注模(MIM)钢铁材料的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: B 883 05Standard Specification forMetal Injection Molding (MIM) Ferrous Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 883; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A

2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers ferrous metal injection moldedmaterials fabricated by mixing elemental or pre-alloyed metalpowders with bind

3、ers, injecting into a mold, debinding, andsintering, with or without subsequent heat treatment.1.2 This specification covers the following injection moldedmaterials.1.2.1 Compositions:1.2.1.1 MIM-2200, low-alloy steel produced from admix-tures of iron powder and other alloying elements such as nicke

4、land molybdenum.1.2.1.2 MIM-2700, low-alloy steel produced from admix-tures of iron powder, and other alloying elements such asnickel and molybdenum.1.2.1.3 MIM-4605, low-alloy steel produced from admix-tures of iron powder and other alloying elements such asnickel, molybdenum, and carbon.1.2.1.4 MI

5、M-316L, austenitic stainless steel produced frompre-alloyed powder or an admixture of powders.1.2.1.5 MIM-17-4 PH, precipitation hardening stainlesssteel produced from prealloyed powder or an admixture ofpowders.1.2.1.6 MIM-430L , ferritic stainless steel produced frompre-alloyed powder or an admixt

6、ure of powders.1.3 Chemical composition limits are specified in Table 1.1.4 Property values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. Conversions to SI units may beapproximate.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB311 Test Method for De

7、nsity Determination for PowderMetallurgy (P/M) Materials Containing Less than TwoPercent PorosityB 328 Test Method for Density, Oil Content, and Intercon-nected Porosity of Sintered Metal Structural Parts andOil-Impregnated BearingsB 933 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Pow-der Metallurg

8、y (P/M) MaterialsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and RockwellSuperficial Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE 350 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Carbon Steel,Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, andWrought IronE 415 T

9、est Method for Optical Emission Vacuum Spectro-metric Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy SteelE 1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Hydrogen in Steel and in Iron,Nickel, and Cobalt AlloysE 1086 Test Method for Optical Emission Vacuum Spectro-metric Analysis of S

10、tainless Steel by the Point-to-PlaneExcitation TechniqueE 1621 Guide for X-Ray Emission Spectrometric AnalysisF 1089 Test Method for Corrosion of Surgical Instruments2.2 MPIF Standards:3MPIF Standard 35, Material Standards for Metal InjectionMolded PartsMPIF Standard 50, Method for Preparing and Eva

11、luatingMetal Injection Molded Debound and Sintered TensionTest SpecimensMPIF Standard 51, Determination of Microhardness ofPowder Metallurgy MaterialsMPIF Standard 59, Determination of Charpy Impact Energyof Unnotched Metal Injection Molded Test SpecimensMPIF Standard 62, Determination of the Corros

12、ion Resis-tance of MIM Grades of Stainless Steel Immersed in 2 %Sulfuric Acid SolutionMPIF Standard 63, Density Determination of MIM Com-ponents (Gas Pycnometer)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions of powder metallurgy terms can be foundin Terminology B 243. Additional descriptive informa

13、tion is1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on MetalPowders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee B09.11 on Near Full Density Powder Metallurgy Metals.Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved

14、 in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as B 883 97.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.

15、3Available from Metal Powder Industries Federation (MPIF), 105 College RoadEast, Princeton, NJ 085406692, USA.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.available in the Related Material Section of Vol. 02.05 of theAnnual Book o

16、f ASTM Standards.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for parts conforming to this specification mayinclude the following:4.1.1 ASTM designation,4.1.2 Alloy composition including carbon content (seeTable 1),4.1.3 Heat treatment condition and hardness (see Tables2-5),4.1.4 Functional or mechanical prope

17、rty testing (see 7.3-7.7and Tables 2-5),4.1.5 Corrosion resistance testing (see 8.1-8.1.4 and Table6),4.1.6 Purchaser or purchasers representative desire to wit-ness the inspection and testing of material prior to shipment(see 10.2),4.1.7 Requirement for certification of material and a reportof test

18、 results (see 12.1),4.1.8 Requirement for full or partial chemical analysis (seeSection 6), and4.1.9 Other special requirements as mutually agreed.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Parts shall be made by injection molding mixtures ofmetal powder with binders, debinding, and sintering, with orwithout s

19、ubsequent heat treatment. The material shall conformto the designations in 1.2.1 and meet the chemical compositionspecified in Table 1.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Metal injection molded material shall conform to thechemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.6.2 Chemical analysis for the elements cop

20、per, chromium,molybdenum, and nickel shall be determined in accordanceTABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements For Metal Injection Molded MaterialsMaterialDesignationFe Ni Cr Co Mo C Cu Si Mn Nb + Ta V OtherMIM-2200 Min. Bal. 1.5 - - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 2.5 - - 0.5 0.1 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-2700

21、Min. Bal. 6.5 - - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 8.5 - - 0.5 0.1 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-4605 Min. Bal. 1.5 - - 0.2 0.4 - - - - - -Max. Bal. 2.5 - - 0.5 0.6 - 1.0 - - - 1.0MIM-316L Min. Bal. 10 16 - 2 - - - - - - -Max. Bal. 14 18 - 3 0.03 - 1.0 2.0 - - 1.0MIM-430L Min. Bal. - 16 - - - - - - - - -Max. Bal. - 18

22、 - - 0.05 - 1.0 1.5 - - 1.0MIM-17-4PH Min. Bal. 3 15.5 - - - 3 - - 0.15 - -Max. Bal. 5 17.5 - - 0.07 5 1.0 1.0 0.45 - 1.0TABLE 2 Mandatory and Typical Mechanical and Physical Properties of Metal Injection Molded Low-Alloy SteelsAInch-Pound UnitsMaterial DesignationMinimum Mandatory Values Typical Va

23、lues Typical ValuesTensile Properties Tensile Properties Density Hardness UnnotchedCharpy ImpactEnergyBUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin1in.UltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin1in.Macro(apparent)Micro(converted)ft-lbf103psi 103psi % 103psi 103psi % g/cm3RockwellMIM-2200(as-sintered)37 1

24、6 20.0 42 18 40.0 7.6 45 HRB . . . 100MIM-2700(as-sintered)55 30 20.0 60 37 26.0 7.6 69 HRB . . . 130MIM-4605(as-sintered)55 25 11.0 64 30 15.0 7.5 62 HRB . . . 50MIM-4605C(quenched andtempered)215 190 #1.0 240 215 2.0 7.5 48 HRC 55 HRC 40AReprinted by permission from MPIF Standard 35, “Materials St

25、andard for Metal Injection Molded Parts”, 2000, Metal Powder Industries Federation, 105 College RoadEast, Princeton, NJ 08540-6692.BMPIF Standard 59 specimens are 0.197 3 0.394 3 2.155 in. The results were not normalized to 0.394 3 0.394 3 2.165 in. since this would have resulted in higherimpact ene

26、rgy values.CThese data were measured on test bars tempered for 1 h at 350F.B883052with Test Methods E 415 (preferred method), E 350, E 1086,E 1621, Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emission Spec-trometry (ICP-AES), Atomic Absorption (AA), or any suchmethod as shall be agreed upon between buyer and s

27、eller.Analysis of the element carbon shall be determined in accor-dance with Test Methods E 1019, via optical emission spec-troscopy, or other method agreed upon between the purchaserand seller.7. Mechanical and Physical Property Requirements7.1 The preferred method of verifying the acceptable per-f

28、ormance of a finished part is a qualification test to beperformed on an actual part. The specific test should bedetermined following consideration of the function of the part,and should be agreed upon between manufacturer and pur-chaser.7.2 Mandatory and typical mechanical properties of mate-rials c

29、overed by this specification are shown in Tables 2-5.7.3 Tensile Properties:7.3.1 The tensile properties of MIM materials shall bemeasured using test specimens prepared and evaluated inaccordance with MPIF Standard 50.7.3.2 Tensile Test MethodWhen requested in the purchaseorder, tensile specimens sh

30、all be prepared and processed alongwith production parts. Tensile specimens shall be tested inaccordance with Test Methods E8. Yield strength shall bedetermined by the 0.2 % offset method. MPIF Standard 50governs the manufacture of the test bars, while Test MethodsE8governs the testing procedure.7.4

31、 Impact Energy Properties:7.4.1 Typical impact energy properties of materials coveredby this specification are shown in Tables 2-5.TABLE 3 Mandatory and Typical Mechanical and Physical Properties of Metal Injection Molded Low-Alloy SteelsASI UnitsMaterialDesignationMinimum Mandatory Values Typical V

32、alues Typical ValuesTensile Properties Tensile Properties Density Hardness UnnotchedCharpy ImpactEnergyBUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin 25.4 mmUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin 25.4 mmMacro(apparent)Micro(converted)JMPa MPa % MPa MPa % g/cm3RockwellMIM-2200(as-sintered)255 110 20.0

33、 290 125 40.0 7.6 45 HRB . . . 135MIM-2700(as-sintered)380 205 20.0 415 255 26.0 7.6 69 HRB . . . 175MIM-4605(as-sintered)380 170 11.0 440 205 15.0 7.5 62 HRB . . . 70MIM-4605C(quenched andtempered)1480 1310 1.0 1655 1480 2.0 7.5 48 HRC 55 HRC 55AReprinted by permission from MPIF Standard 35, “Mater

34、ials Standards for Metal Injection Molded Parts”, 2000, Metal Powder Industries Federation, 105 College RoadEast, Princeton, NJ 085406692. SI values converted from inch-pound units in Table 2.BMPIF Standard 59 specimens are 5 3 10 3 55 mm. The results were not normalized to 10 3 10 3 55 mm since thi

35、s would have resulted in higher impact energyvalues.CThis data was measured on test bars tempered for 1 h at 177C.TABLE 4 Mandatory and Typical Mechanical and Physical Properties of Metal Injection Molded Stainless SteelsAInch-Pound UnitsMaterialDesignationMinimum Mandatory Values Typical Values Typ

36、ical ValuesTensile Properties Tensile Properties Density Hardness UnnotchedCharpy ImpactEnergyBUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin1in.UltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongation in1in.Macro(apparent)Micro(converted)ft-lbf103psi 103psi % 103psi 103psi % g/cm3RockwellMIM-316L(as-sintered)65 20 40.0

37、75 25 50.0 7.6 67 HRB . . . 140MIMI-430L(as-sintered)50 30 20.0 60 35 25.0 7.5 65 HRB . . .CMIM-17-4 PH(as-sintered)115 94 4.0 130 106 6.0 7.5 27 HRC . . . 50MIM-17-4 PHD(heat treated)155 140 4.0 172 158 6.0 7.5 33 HRC 40 HRCCAReprinted by permission from MPIF Standard 35, “Materials Standards for M

38、etal Injection Molded Parts”, 2000, Metal Powder Industries Federation, 105 College RoadEast, Princeton, NJ 08540-6692. .BMPIF Standard 59 specimens are 0.197 3 0.394 3 2.165 in. The results were not normalized to 0.394 3 0.394 3 2.165 in. since this would have resulted in higherimpact energy values

39、.CAdditional data in preparation will appear in subsequent editions of this specification.DThis data was measured on test bars aged at 900F (heat treated to H900).B8830537.4.2 The impact energy properties of MIM materials shallbe measured using test specimens prepared and evaluated inaccordance with

40、 MPIF Standard 59.7.4.3 Impact Energy Test MethodWhen requested in thepurchase order, impact energy specimens shall be prepared andprocessed along with production parts.7.5 Density:7.5.1 The density of MIM materials shall be measured inaccordance with Test Method B311or MPIF Standard 63.Ifatest spec

41、imen gains mass when immersed in water, it shall betested in accordance with Test Method B 328.7.6 Apparent HardnessThe apparent hardness of MIMmaterials shall be measured in accordance with Test MethodsE18.7.7 Microindentation HardnessThe microindentationhardness of MIM materials shall be measured

42、in accordancewith Test Method B 933 or MPIF Standard 51.8. Corrosion Resistance Requirements8.1 Corrosion Resistance:8.1.1 The preferred method of verifying the acceptableperformance of a finished part is a qualification test to beperformed on an actual part. The specific test should bedetermined fo

43、llowing consideration of the function of the part,and should be agreed upon between manufacturer and pur-chaser.8.1.2 Typical corrosion resistance of materials covered bythis specification is shown in Table 6.8.1.3 The corrosion resistance of MIM materials shall bemeasured using test specimens prepa

44、red in accordance withMPIF Standard 59.8.1.4 Corrosion Resistance Test MethodWhen requestedin the purchase order, corrosion resistance specimens shall beprepared and processed along with production parts. MPIFStandard 59 governs the manufacture of specimens, but TestMethod F 1089 governs corrosion r

45、esistance testing for coppersulfate and boiling water. MPIF Standard 62 governs corrosionresistance testing for sulfuric acid.9. Sampling9.1 LotUnless otherwise specified, a lot is a quantity ofproduct produced under similar conditions so that the productwithin the lot is expected to be homogeneous

46、in all significantattributes and submitted for inspection at one time.9.2 TestingThe manufacturer and purchaser shall mutu-ally agree upon the number of specimens to represent the lotfor qualification, chemical, mechanical, or corrosion resistanceproperty testing.10. Inspection10.1 Inspection of the

47、 parts supplied under this specificationshall be the responsibility of the manufacturer or a mutuallyagreed upon third party.10.2 If the purchaser desires that a representative witnessthe inspection and testing of the material prior to shipment,such a requirement shall be part of the purchase order.

48、TABLE 5 Mandatory and Typical Mechanical and Physical Properties of Metal Injection Molded Stainless SteelsASI UnitsMaterialDesignationMinimum Mandatory Values Typical Values Typical ValuesTensile Properties Tensile Properties Density Hardness UnnotchedCharpy ImpactEnergyBUltimateStrengthYieldStreng

49、thElongationin 25.4 mmUltimateStrengthYieldStrengthElongationin 25.4 mmMacro(apparent)Micro(converted)JMPa MPa % MPa MPa % g/cm3RockwellMIM-316L 450 140 40.0 520 175 50.0 7.6 67 HRB . . . 190MIM-430L 345 205 20.0 415 240 25.0 7.5 65 HRB . . .CMIM-17-4 PH 795 650 4.0 900 730 6.0 7.5 27 HRC . . . 70MIM-17-4 PHD(heat treated)1070 965 4.0 1185 1090 6.0 7.5 33 HRC 40 HRCCAReprinted by permission from MPIF Standard 35, “Materials Standards for Metal Injection Molded Parts”, 2000 Metal Powder Industries Federation, 105 College RoadEast, Princeton, NJ 08540-6692. SI values conv