ASTM B899-2006 Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys《有色金属和合金的相关标准术语》.pdf

1、Designation: B 899 06Standard TerminologyRelating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 899; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pa

2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 To promote precise understanding and interpretation ofstandards, reports, and other technical writings promulgated byCommittee B02.1.2 To standard

3、ize the terminology used in these documents.1.3 To explain the meanings of technical terms used withinthese documents for those not conversant with them.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B6 Specification for ZincB29 Specification for Refined LeadB32 Specification for Solder MetalB39 Specifi

4、cation for NickelB69 Specification for Rolled ZincB86 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA)AlloyFoundry and Die CastingsB 160 Specification for Nickel Rod and BarB 161 Specification for Nickel Seamless Pipe and TubeB 163 Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel AlloyCondenser and Heat-Ex

5、changer TubesB 164 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, andWireB 165 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNSN04400)* Seamless Pipe and TubeB 166 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys(UNS N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693,N06025, and N06045)* and Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Moly

6、bdenum Alloy (UNS N06617) Rod, Bar, and WireB 167 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys(UNS N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693,N06025, and N06045)* and Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617) Seamless Pipe andTubeB 240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA)Alloys in I

7、ngot Form for Foundry and Die CastingsB 327 Specification for Master Alloys Used in Making ZincDie Casting AlloysB 333 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate,Sheet, and StripB 339 Specification for Pig TinB 407 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium AlloySeamless Pipe and TubeB 408 Specific

8、ation for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rodand BarB 418 Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic ZincAnodesB 423 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy (UNS N08825 and N08221)*Seamless Pipe and TubeB 425 Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy (UNSN08825 and UNS N08221)* Rod a

9、nd BarB 434 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS N10003, UNS N10242)* Plate, Sheet,and StripB 435 Specification for UNS N06002, UNS N06230, UNSN12160, and UNS R30556 Plate, Sheet, and StripB 444 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloys (UNS N06625 and UN

10、S N06852) andNickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNSN06219) Pipe and TubeB 445 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Columbium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNSN06102)* Seamless Pipe and TubeB 446 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy (UNS N06625), Nickel-Chromium-Molybden

11、um-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219), and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06650)*Rod and BarB 463 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08026, andUNS N08024 Alloy Plate, Sheet, and StripB 471 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08026, andUNS N08024 Nickel Alloy Spring Wire3B 473 Specification f

12、or UNS N08020, UNS N08024, andUNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Bar and WireB 475 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08024, andUNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Round Weaving Wire1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommi

13、tteeB02.91 on Editorial and Terminology.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published December 2006. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as B 899 05.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.

14、org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.B511 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon

15、Al-loy Bars and ShapesB 512 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Silicon Alloy(UNS N08330) Billets and BarsB 518 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Columbium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06102)Rod and BarB 535 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-loys (UNS N08330 and N08332) Seamles

16、s Pipe and TubeB 536 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-loys (UNS N08330 and N08332) Plate, Sheet, and StripB 575 Specification for Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tantalum, and Low-Carbon Nicke

17、l-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy Plate, Sheet, andStripB 582 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy Plate, Sheet, and StripB 599 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium StabilizedAlloy (UNS N08700)Plate, Sheet, and StripB 620 Specification for Nickel-I

18、ron-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N08320) Plate, Sheet, and StripB 622 Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel-CobaltAlloy Pipe and TubeB 625 Specification for UNS N08925, UNS N08031, UNSN08932, UNS N08926, UNS N08354, and UNS R20033Plate, Sheet, and StripB 637 Specification for Precipitation-

19、Hardening Nickel Al-loy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature ServiceB 639 Specification for Precipitation Hardening Cobalt-Containing Alloys (UNS R30155 and UNS R30816) Rod,Bar, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-TemperatureServiceB 649 Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu-N Low-Carb

20、onAlloys (UNS N08925, UNS N08031, UNS N08354, andUNS N08926), and Cr-Ni-Fe-N Low-Carbon Alloy (UNSR20033) Bar and Wire, and Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-N Alloy (UNSN08936) WireB 667 Practice for Construction and Use of a Probe forMeasuring Electrical Contact ResistanceB 672 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Mo

21、lybdenum-Columbium StabilizedAlloy (UNS N08700)Bar and WireB 677 Specification for UNS N08925, UNS N08354, andUNS N08926 Seamless Pipe and TubeB 688 Specification for Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum-Iron (UNS N08366 and UNS N08367) Plate, Sheet, andStripB 690 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybd

22、enum Alloys (UNS N08366 and UNS N08367)Seamless Pipe and TubeB 691 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloys (UNS N08366 and UNS N08367)Rod, Bar, and WireB 709 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N08028)* Plate, Sheet, andStripB 710 Specification for Nickel-Ir

23、on-Chromium-Silicon Al-loy Welded PipeB 718 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) Plate,Sheet, and StripB 719 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) BarB 722 Specification for Nickel-Chromium

24、-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) Seam-less Pipe and TubeB 723 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333)Welded PipeB 726 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333)Welded Tub

25、eB 729 Specification for Seamless UNS N08020, UNSN08026, and UNS N08024 Nickel-Alloy Pipe and TubeB 739 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-loy Welded TubeB 749 Specification for Lead and Lead Alloy Strip, Sheet,and Plate ProductsB 750 Specification for GALFAN (Zinc-5 % Aluminum-Mischm

26、etal) Alloy in Ingot Form for Hot-Dip CoatingsB 751 Specification for General Requirements for Nickeland Nickel Alloy Welded TubeB 756 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06110) Rod and BarB 759 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloys (UNS N06110) P

27、ipe and TubeB 775 Specification for General Requirements for Nickeland Nickel Alloy Welded PipeB 791 Specification for Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) AlloyFoundry and Die Castings3B 792 Specification for Zinc Alloys in Ingot Form for SlushCastingB 805 Specification for Precipitation Hardening Nickel Al-loys UNS

28、 N07716, N07725, N07773, N07776, andN09777, Bar and WireB 814 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06920) Plate, Sheet,and StripB 818 Specification for Cobalt-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS R31233) Plate, Sheetand StripB 834 Specification for Pressur

29、e Consolidated Powder Met-allurgy Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum (UNSN08367) and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium (Nb) (UNS N06625) Alloy Pipe Flanges,Fittings, Valves, and PartsB 892 Specification for ACuZinc5 (Zinc-Copper-Aluminum) Alloy in Ingot Form for Die CastingsB 894 Specification for A

30、CuZinc5 (Zinc-Copper-Aluminum) Alloy Die CastingsB899062B 897 Specification for the Configuration of Zinc and ZincAlloy Jumbo and Block Ingot3. Significance and Use3.1 The terms defined in this document are generic inrespect to the standards under the jurisdiction of CommitteeB02 on Nonferrous Metal

31、s and Alloys. The same terms mayhave different definitions in otherASTM technical committees.3.2 Some definitions may differ within the committee be-cause of limitations on items such as weights or dimensions. Insuch cases the terms will be more precisely defined in theTerminology section of the sta

32、ndards in which these terms areused.4. Index of Terms4.1 Alphabetical Listing of Termsaverage diameterbarbilletcancathodic protectioncoiled sheetcompactcontact resistancecontact resistance probedie castingfill pinfinenessflat sheetfoundry castinggalvanic anodegraphite permanent mold castingheatingot

33、liquiduslotlot numbermeltnickelnickel alloynickel-base alloynickel-based alloynominal wallpartpermanent mold castingpigpipeplatepowderpowder blendprecious metalsprecipitation hardeningpressure die-castingproducerrodrough partsaline electrolytesand castingseamless pipesemi-permanent mold castingshape

34、ssheetshotsolidusspongespring wirestriptest reportthin-wall tubetubeweaving wirewelded pipewire5. Terminology5.1 Terms and Their Definitionsaverage diameter, nthe average of the maximum andminimum outside the diameters, as determined at any onesection of the pipe or tube. B 160, B 161, B 163, B 165,

35、B 167, B 407,B 423, B 444, B 445, B 535, B 622, B 677,B 690, B 710, B 722, B 723, B 726, B 729, B 739, B 751,B 759, B 775bar, nan elongated, forged or rolled metal product withuniform strength, length and section (such as rectangular,square, round, oval or hexagonal). B 327, B 518NOTE 1In the follow

36、ing standards the term “bar” has a similardefinition, but with greater and more specific detail. B 160, B 164,B 166, B 408, B 425, B 446, B 473, B 511, B 512, B 637,B 639, B 649, B 672, B 691, B 719, B 756, B 805billet, na formed shape that may be further worked, or asolid, semifinished, round, or r

37、ectangular product that hasbeen hot-worked by forging, rolling, or extrusion.can, nthe container used to encapsulate the powder duringthe pressure consolidation process; it is removed from thefinal part. B 834cathodic protection, nprotection of a metal from corrosionby making it a cathode through th

38、e galvanic sacrifice of aless noble metal or through an impressed electric current.B 418coiled sheet, nsheet in coils with slit edges. B69compact, nthe consolidated powder from one can; it may beused to make one or more parts. B 834contact resistance, nthe resistance to current flow betweentwo touch

39、ing bodies, consisting of constriction resistanceand film resistance. B 667contact resistance probe, nan apparatus for determiningelectrical contact resistance characteristics of a metal sur-face.DISCUSSIONProbe, in this instance, should be distinguished from theclassical tool whose function it is t

40、o touch or move an object.B 667die casting, na casting process in which molten metal isinjected under high velocity and pressure into a metal dieand solidified; also, a product produced by such a process.B899063Alternately known as pressure die casting. B 6, B 240,B 892, B 894fill pin, nthe part of

41、the compact in the spout used to fill thecan; it is usually integral to the part produced. B 834fineness, na measure of the purity of precious metalsexpressed in parts per thousand.flat sheet, nsheet with sheared, silt, or sawed edges that hasbeen flattened or leveled. B69foundry casting, na casting

42、 process wherein a molten metalis poured by gravity into the cavity of a mold and solidified;also, a product of such a process. B86galvanic anode, na metal electrode that sacrificially cor-rodes when coupled to a more noble metal in a conductingmedium, thereby supplying a protective electric current

43、 tothe more noble electrode. B 418graphite permanent mold casting, na metal object pro-duced by introducing molten metal by gravity or lowpressure into a graphite mold and allowing it to solidify.B86heat, nrefer to melt.ingot, na casting of simple shape suitable for hot-working orremelting.liquidus,

44、 nthe lowest temperature at which an alloy underequilibrium conditions begins to freeze on cooling or iscompletely melted on heating.lot, na quantity of metal made under conditions that, forsampling purposes, are considered uniform. B 6, B 32,B 240, B 418, B 749lot number, na unique alphanumeric des

45、ignation for a lotthat is traceable to manufacturing records. B32melt, nall the metal that, while molten, was held at the sametime in the same holding vessel.nickel, na refined nickel primarily produced from ore ormatte or similar raw material containing a minimum of 99.80percent nickel by weight. B

46、39nickel alloy, na material that conforms to a specification thatrequires, by weight percent, more nickel than any otherelement.DISCUSSIONBeginning in 1992, only alloys containing nickel as theprincipal constituent have been categorized as a nickel alloy for thepurpose of new coverage in B02 specifi

47、cations. Prior to 1992, nickelalloys were defined as alloys nominally containing less than 50 % ironwith nickel as the highest nonferrous element present.nickel-base alloy and nickel-based alloythese terms are notused inASTM standards under the jurisdiction of CommitteeB02 and are not preferred. See

48、 nickel alloy.nominal wall, nspecified wall thickness with a publishedplus and minus tolerance from the specified thickness at anypoint. B 535, B 710, B 722, B 723, B 726, B 739, B 751,B 775part, na single item coming from a compact, either prior toor after machining. B 834permanent mold casting, na

49、 metal object produced byintroducing molten metal by gravity or low pressure into amold constructed of durable material, usually iron or steel,and allowing it to solidify. See also graphite permanent moldcasting. B 86, B 792pig, nan oblong or square mass of metal that has been castwhile still molten into a mold that gives the metal itsparticular shape; most commonly used for lead and tin inweights that can be handled manually. B 29, B 339pipe, na tubular metal product, cast or wrought, of dimen-sions that conform to those referred to commercially asst