ASTM B899-2016 Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys《关于有色金属和合金的标准术语》.pdf

1、Designation: B899 16Standard TerminologyRelating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B899; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pare

2、ntheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 To promote precise understanding and interpretation ofstandards, reports, and other technical writings promulgated byCommittee B02.1.2 To standardiz

3、e the terminology used in these documents.1.3 To explain the meanings of technical terms used withinthese documents for those not conversant with them.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B6 Specification for ZincB29 Specification for Refined LeadB32 Specification for Solder MetalB39 Specifica

4、tion for NickelB69 Specification for Rolled ZincB86 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) AlloyFoundry and Die CastingsB160 Specification for Nickel Rod and BarB161 Specification for Nickel Seamless Pipe and TubeB163 Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel AlloyCondenser and Heat-Exchan

5、ger TubesB164 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, andWireB165 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400)Seamless Pipe and TubeB166 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNSN06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025,N06045, and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybden

6、um Alloy (UNS N06617), and Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06674) Rod, Bar, andWireB167 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNSN06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025,N06045, and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617), and Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungs

7、ten Alloy (UNS N06674) Seamless Pipeand TubeB240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Al-loys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die CastingsB327 Specification for Master Alloys Used in Making ZincDie Casting AlloysB333 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate,Sheet, and StripB339 Specifi

8、cation for Pig TinB407 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Seam-less Pipe and TubeB408 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rodand BarB418 Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic ZincAnodesB423 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy (UNS N08825, N08221, a

9、ndN06845) Seamless Pipe and TubeB425 Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy (UNSN08825, UNS N08221, and UNS N06845) Rod and BarB434 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS N10003, UNS N10242) Plate, Sheet,and StripB435 Specification for UNS N06002, UNS N06230, UNSN12160, and UN

10、S R30556 Plate, Sheet, and StripB444 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloys (UNS N06625 and UNS N06852) andNickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNSN06219) Pipe and TubeB445 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Columbium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06102)p SeamlessPi

11、pe and Tube (Withdrawn 1995)3B446 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy (UNS N06625), Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219), and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06650)Rod and BarB463 Specification for UNS N08020 Alloy Plate, Sheet, andStrip1This

12、 terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.91 on Editorial and Terminology.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved i

13、n 2015 as B899 15. DOI:10.1520/B0899-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved ve

14、rsion of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1B471 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08026, andUNS N080

15、24 Nickel Alloy Spring Wire (Withdrawn1999)3B473 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08024, andUNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Bar and WireB475 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08024, andUNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Round Weaving WireB511 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon AlloyBars and ShapesB512 S

16、pecification for Nickel-Chromium-Silicon Alloy(UNS N08330) Billets and BarsB518 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Columbium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06102) Rod andBarB522 Specification for Gold-Silver-Platinum Electrical Con-tact AlloyB535 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon A

17、l-loys (UNS N08330 and N08332) Seamless Pipe and TubeB536 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-loys (UNS N08330 and N08332) Plate, Sheet, and StripB540 Specification for Palladium Electrical Contact AlloyB541 Specification for Gold Electrical Contact AlloyB575 Specification for Low-Carb

18、on Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tantalum, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten, and Low-Carbon Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium Alloy Plate, Sheet, and StripB582 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybdenum-C

19、opper Alloy Plate, Sheet, and StripB599 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Stabilized Alloy (UNSN08700) Plate, Sheet, and StripB620 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-MolybdenumAlloy (UNS N08320) Plate, Sheet, and StripB622 Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel-Co

20、baltAlloy Pipe and TubeB625 Specification for UNS N08925, UNS N08031, UNSN08932, UNS N08926, UNS N08354, UNS N08830, andUNS R20033 Plate, Sheet, and StripB637 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and ColdWorked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stockfor Moderate or High Temperature Servi

21、ceB639 Specification for Precipitation Hardening Cobalt-Containing Alloys (UNS R30155 and UNS R30816) Rod,Bar, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-TemperatureServiceB649 Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu-N Low-Carbon Al-loys (UNS N08925, UNS N08031, UNS N08354, andUNS N08926), and Cr-Ni-Fe-N Low-Car

22、bon Alloy (UNSR20033) Bar and Wire, and Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-N Alloy (UNSN08936) WireB667 Practice for Construction and Use of a Probe forMeasuring Electrical Contact ResistanceB672 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Stabilized Alloy (UNSN08700) Bar and WireB677 Specification for UNS

23、 N08925, UNS N08354, andUNS N08926 Seamless Pipe and TubeB688 Specification for Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum-Iron (UNS N08366 and UNS N08367) Plate, Sheet, andStripB690 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloys (UNS N08366 and UNS N08367)Seamless Pipe and TubeB691 Specification for Iron

24、-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloys (UNS N08366 and UNS N08367)Rod, Bar, and WireB709 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Chromium-MolybdenumAlloy (UNS N08028) Plate, Sheet, and StripB710 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-SiliconAlloyWelded PipeB718 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-

25、Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) Plate,Sheet, and StripB719 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) BarB722 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333)Seamless Pipe and TubeB723 Specificatio

26、n for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333)Welded PipeB726 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333)Welded TubeB729 Specification for Seamless UNS N08020, UNSN08026, and UNS N08024 Nickel-Alloy Pipe and TubeB739

27、Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-SiliconAlloyWelded TubeB749 Specification for Lead and Lead Alloy Strip, Sheet,and Plate ProductsB750 Specification for GALFANB751 Specification for General Requirements for Nickel andNickel Alloy Welded TubeB756 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tun

28、gsten Alloy(UNS N06110) Rod and BarB759 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloys (UNS N06110) Pipe and TubeB775 Specification for General Requirements for Nickel andNickel Alloy Welded PipeB791 Specification for Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundryand Die Castings (Withdrawn 1999)3B7

29、92 Specification for Zinc Alloys in Ingot Form for SlushCastingB805 Specification for Precipitation Hardening Nickel Al-loys Bar and WireB814 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy(UNS N06920) Plate, Sheet,and StripB818 Specification for Cobalt-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum-Tu

30、ngsten Alloy (UNS R31233) Plate, Sheetand StripB834 Specification for Pressure Consolidated Powder Met-allurgy Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum (UNSB899 162N08367), Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium(Nb) (UNS N06625), Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys(UNS N06600 and N06690), and Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Colu

31、mbium-Molybdenum (UNS N07718) AB860 Specification for Zinc Master Alloys for Use in HotDip GalvanizingB892 Specification for ACuZinc5B894 Specification for ACuZinc5B897 Specification for Configuration of Zinc and Zinc AlloyJumbo, Block, Half Block, and Slab Ingot3. Significance and Use3.1 The terms

32、defined in this document are generic inrespect to the standards under the jurisdiction of CommitteeB02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. The same terms mayhave different definitions in otherASTM technical committees.3.2 Some definitions may differ within the committee be-cause of limitations on items

33、 such as weights or dimensions. Insuch cases the terms will be more precisely defined in theTerminology section of the standards in which these terms areused.4. Index of Terms4.1 Alphabetical Listing of Termsaverage diameterbarbilletcancathodic protectioncobalt alloycoiled sheetcompactcontact resist

34、ancecontact resistance probedie castingellipsisfill pinfinenessflat sheetfoundry castinggalvanic anodegraphite permanent mold castingheatingotliquiduslotlot numbermeltnickelnickel alloynickel-base alloynickel-based alloynominal wallnonferrous materialpartpermanent mold castingpigpipeplateplatinum gr

35、oup metalpowderpowder blendprecious metalsprecipitation hardeningpressure die-castingproducerribbon anoderodrough partsaline electrolytesand castingseamless pipesemi-permanent mold castingshapessheetshotsolidusspongespring wirestriptest reportthin-wall tubetubeweaving wirewelded pipewire5. Terminolo

36、gy5.1 Terms and Their Definitionsaverage diameter, nthe average of the maximum andminimum outside the diameters, as determined at any onesection of the pipe or tube. B160, B161, B163, B165, B167,B407,B423, B444, B445, B535, B622, B677, B690, B710,B722, B723, B726, B729, B739, B751, B759, B775bar, na

37、n elongated, forged or rolled metal product withuniform strength, length and section (such as rectangular,square, round, oval or hexagonal). B327, B518NOTE 1In the following standards the term “bar” has a similardefinition, but with greater and more specific detail. B160, B164,B166, B408, B425, B446

38、, B473, B511, B512, B637, B639,B649, B672, B691, B719, B756, B805billet, na formed shape that may be further worked, or asolid, semifinished, round, or rectangular product that hasbeen hot-worked by forging, rolling, or extrusion.brightener bar, nbrightener bar is a zinc alloy containingaluminum whi

39、ch is added to the galvanizing bath to adjustthe aluminum content of the bath to: suppress the formationof iron-zinc alloy layers, increase the brightness and ductilityof the galvanized coating, and improve the drainage of zincfrom the work as it exits the bath; also called brightener.B860can, nthe

40、container used to encapsulate the powder duringthe pressure consolidation process; it is removed from thefinal part. B834B899 163cathodic protection, nprotection of a metal from corrosionby making it a cathode through the galvanic sacrifice of aless noble metal or through an impressed electric curre

41、nt.B418cobalt alloy, na material that conforms to a specification thatcontains cobalt as the principal component.DISCUSSIONThe cobalt content requirement is not always stated inthe specification and is not always determined by chemical analysis. Ifnot specified, it may be taken to be 100 % minus the

42、 sum of the meanvalues permitted by the specification for all other elements having aspecified range or a specified maximum. For conformance purposes, themean value for cobalt, whether if specified, or the calculated value forcobalt, is compared on an individual basis to the mean values permittedby

43、the specification for each of the other elements having a specifiedrange or a specified maximum. If an element other than cobalt is notspecified, but is listed as remainder or balance, then, for conformancepurposes the mean value for cobalt is compared to the calculated valuefor that other element.c

44、oiled sheet, nsheet in coils with slit edges. B69compact, nthe consolidated powder from one can; it may beused to make one or more parts. B834contact resistance, nthe resistance to current flow betweentwo touching bodies, consisting of constriction resistanceand film resistance. B667contact resistan

45、ce probe, nan apparatus for determiningelectrical contact resistance characteristics of a metal sur-face.DISCUSSIONProbe, in this instance, should be distinguished from theclassical tool whose function it is to touch or move an object. B667die casting, na casting process in which molten metal isinje

46、cted under high velocity and pressure into a metal dieand solidified; also, a product produced by such a process.Alternately known as pressure die casting. B6, B240, B892,B894ellipsis, nin a tabular entry, three periods (.) that indicatethat there is no requirement.fill pin, nthe part of the compact

47、 in the spout used to fill thecan; it is usually integral to the part produced. B834fineness, na measure of the purity of precious metalsexpressed in parts per thousand.flat sheet, nsheet with sheared, silt, or sawed edges that hasbeen flattened or leveled. B69foundry casting, na casting process whe

48、rein a molten metalis poured by gravity into the cavity of a mold and solidified;also, a product of such a process. B86galvanic anode, na metal electrode that sacrificially cor-rodes when coupled to a more noble metal in a conductingmedium, thereby supplying a protective electric current tothe more

49、noble electrode. B418graphite permanent mold casting, na metal object pro-duced by introducing molten metal by gravity or lowpressure into a graphite mold and allowing it to solidify. B86hardener, nan aluminum-base master alloy added to SpecialHigh Grade Zinc (SHG) to produce a zinc alloy for diecasting. B327heat, nrefer to melt.ingot, na casting of simple shape suitable for hot-working orremelting.liquidus, nthe lowest temperature at which an alloy underequilibrium conditions begins to freeze on cooling or iscompletely melted on heating.lot, na quantity