ASTM B905-2000(2005) Standard Test Methods for Assessing the Adhesion of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings by the Mechanized Tape Test《用机械化磁带试验评定金属和无机覆层粘附力的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: B 905 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Methods forAssessing the Adhesion of Metallic and Inorganic Coatingsby the Mechanized Tape Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 905; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,

2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods describe procedures for assessingthe adhesion of metallic and

3、 inorganic coatings and other thinfilms to metallic and nonmetallic substrates. Assessment ismade by applying pressure-sensitive tape to a coated surfaceand then utilizing a mechanical device to remove the tape at aregulated, uniform rate and constant angle while simulta-neously recording the remova

4、l force.1.2 Four methods are described. Methods A1 and A2 areintended primarily for use on parts. Methods B1 and B2 areintended primarily for use in laboratory evaluations. MethodsB1 and B2 are not recommended for testing coatings and filmson polymer substrates.1.3 These test methods may be used to

5、establish whether theadhesion of a coating to a substrate is within a required range(between a quantified low and a quantified high level). Deter-mination of actual adhesive forces requires more sophisticatedmethods of measurement. In multilayer systems adhesionfailure may occur between intermediate

6、 coating layers so thatthe adhesion of the total coating system to the substrate maynot necessarily be determined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate s

7、afety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 183 Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel forElectroplatingB 242 Practice for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel forElectroplatingB 252 Guide for Prepa

8、ration of Zinc Alloy Die Castings forElectroplating and Conversion CoatingB 253 Guide for Preparation of Aluminum Alloys for Elec-troplatingB 254 Practice for Preparation of and Electroplating onStainless SteelB 281 Practice for Preparation of Copper and Copper-BaseAlloys for Electroplating and Conv

9、ersion CoatingB 319 Guide for Preparation of Lead and Lead Alloys forElectroplatingB 320 Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electro-platingB 343 Practice for Preparation of Nickel for Electroplatingwith NickelB 480 Guide for Preparation of Magnesium and MagnesiumAlloys for ElectroplatingB

10、 481 Practice for Preparation of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys for ElectroplatingB 482 Practice for Preparation of Tungsten and TungstenAlloys for ElectroplatingB 537 Practice for Rating of Electroplated Panels Subjectedto Atmospheric ExposureB 538 Method of FACT (Ford Anodized Aluminum Corro-sion) Te

11、st3B 629 Practice for Preparation of Molybdenum and Molyb-denum Alloys for ElectroplatingB 630 Practice for Preparation of Chromium for Electro-plating with ChromiumB 727 Practice for Preparation of Plastics Materials forElectroplatingD 1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Su

12、rfaces for PaintingD 1731 Practices for Preparation of Hot-Dip AluminumSurfaces for PaintingD 1732 Practices for Preparation of Magnesium Alloy Sur-faces for PaintingD 2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of OrganicCoatingsD 3330/D 3330M Test Methods for Peel Adhesion ofPressure-Sensitive TapeD 3

13、359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 onMetallic and Inorganic Coatings and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB08.10 on Test Methods.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originallyapp

14、roved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as B 905 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web

15、site.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Pressure-sensitive tape is adhered to the surface of thecoating and then removed utilizing a motorized mechanicaldevice that peels the tape

16、at a constantly maintained angle andcontrolled rate of peel.Adigital recording force gage is used torecord the maximum peel force.NOTE 1All due care must be taken to ensure that test specimens arehandled and stored such that they are not subjected to conditions that willcause deleterious effects. Th

17、ese conditions include but are not limited tohandling without the use of gloves, storing in areas that accumulate dust,areas of high humidity or where the sample may be subjected to fumes orvapors that might condense on the sample.3.2 Methods A1 and A2:3.2.1 In these methods, which are nondestructiv

18、e, the mea-surement area used is the unbroken coating surface with peelangles of 90 and 180 respectively.3.2.2 Adhesion is assessed in terms of “passed,” if thecoating does not detach, or “failed,” if the coating detacheswithin the specified range of peel forces as recorded during thetest.3.3 Method

19、s B1 and B2:3.3.1 In these methods, which are destructive, the measure-ment area used is a broken coating surface created by scoringa lattice pattern through the coating to the substrate and peelingat angles of 90 and 180, respectively.3.3.2 Adhesion is assessed qualitatively on the 0 to 5 scale.4.

20、Significance and Use4.1 If a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting orimparting unique properties to the surface of a substrate, itmust adhere to the substrate for the expected service life.Because surface preparation (or lack of it) has a drastic effecton adhesion of coatings, a test meth

21、od for evaluating adhesionto different surface treatments or of different coatings to thesame treatment is of considerable use to the industry.4.2 The limitations of all adhesion methods, and the specificlimitation of this test method to lower levels of adhesion (see1.3) should be recognized before

22、using it. These test methodsare mechanized adaptations of Test Methods D 3359; therefore,the intra- and interlaboratory precision of these test methodsare similar to Test Methods D 3359 and to other widely-accepted tests for coated substrates, for example, Test MethodD 2370, but this is partly the r

23、esult of it being insensitive to allbut large differences in adhesion. The pass-fail scale of 0 to 5for Method B1 and B2 was selected deliberately to avoid afalse impression of being sensitive.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 Peel Test FixtureThe fixture shall consist of a frame towhich the specimen is

24、 rigidly clamped, and a moveable beamby which the tape is pulled off under a constant peel angle of90 (MethodA1 and B1) or 180 (MethodA2 and B2). The peelrate should be controllable between 20 mm/s and 200 mm/s forMethod A1 and B1 and between 14 mm/s and 140 mm/s forMethods A2 and B2. A recording fo

25、rce gage is fitted betweenthe tape grip and the movable beam (see Fig. 1).5.2 Pressure-Sensitive TapeUnless otherwise specified inthe document referencing this test, the tape shall be 25 mmwide, semitransparent, pressure-sensitive tape with an adhesionstrength of 43 6 5.6 g/mm or N/100 mm width when

26、 tested inaccordance with D 3330/D 3330M. The adhesion shall notchange by more than + 6.5 % of its mean value within 12months. The backing of the tape may consist of fiber-reinforcedcellulose acetate, unplasticized poly (vinyl chloride), or poly-ester film. When results obtained in different laborat

27、ories donot agree it is recommended that the test be repeated using tapefrom the same batch.5.3 RollerThe roller,4which is hand operated, consists ofa steel roller 85 6 2.5 mm in diameter and 45 6 1.5 mm inwidth, covered with rubber approximately 6 mm in thickness,having a Shore scale A durometer ha

28、rdness of 80 6 5. Thesurface of the roller shall be a true cylinder void of any concaveor convex deviations. The mass of the roller shall be 2040 6 45g.NOTE 2A standardized roller is used in place of the pencil eraser ofTest Methods D 3359 because of the variety of rubber and abrasivesformulations u

29、sed to make pencil erasers. A further consideration was theextended range of localized pressures that could be exerted by the penciland eraser.TEST METHOD ANONDESTRUCTIVE, PARTS TAPE TEST6. Test Specimen6.1 PartsThis test normally is performed on parts. Anyrequirements for test specimens will be fou

30、nd in the documentspecifying their use.NOTE 3When specified by the document referencing this test, thecoated parts shall be subjected to a preliminary exposure, such as waterimmersion, salt spray, or humidity, before conducting the tape test.7. Procedure7.1 Test AreaSelect a flat area, on a signific

31、ant surface,free of blemishes and minor surface imperfections. Ensure thatthe surface is clean and dry. Extremes in temperature orrelative humidity may affect the adhesion of the tape or thecoating.7.2 Tape SectionRemove two complete laps of thepressure-sensitive tape from the roll and discard. Remo

32、ve anadditional length at a steady (that is, not jerked) rate and cut apiece off at least 100 mm long plus an additional length equalto the space between the test surface and the grip on the fixturefor pulling the tape.7.3 Tape PlacementCarefully place the tape on the area ofcoating to be tested and

33、 lightly press and smooth the tape intoplace, taking care to prevent any entrapment of air bubblesbetween the tape and the coating. Once the tape is in place, rollthe tape firmly; once in each lengthwise direction (see 5.3). Thecolor under the semi-transparent tape is a useful indication ofwhen good

34、 contact has been made.7.4 Time, Rate, and Angle:4The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Pressure-Sensitive Tape Council (PSTC), 104 Wilmot Rd., Suite 201, Deerfield,IL 60015. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this informationto ASTM

35、International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consid-eration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.B 905 00 (2005)27.4.1 Within 90 6 30 s of the tape application, fasten thespecimen onto the fixture, placing the free end of the tape in thepulling

36、grip. The apparatus should be set to maintain thenormal 90 peel angle, Method A1 (see Notes 4 and 5).7.4.2 Pull the tape at a constant rate until only about 20 mmof tape remains in contact with the coating. The residualadhering tape can be removed manually after assessing adhe-sion on the area peele

37、d off. This final removing of the residualtape is not a constituent of the adhesion test.NOTE 4As far as possible, preference should be given to Method A1(90 peel angle) due to the stress-strain behavior of the tape. If the coatingto be tested is not approachable for 90 testing, for example, at the

38、wallside inside a housing, Method A2 (180 peel angle) may be applied.NOTE 5At a peel angle of 90, the peel rate of the tape from thecoating surface is equal to the pull rate, that is, the velocity by which thefree end of the tape is moved in the loading direction, whereas in a peelangle of 180, the

39、peel rate of the tape is only half the pull rate.7.5 Peel Force ControlRead the maximum value of peelforce recorded from the force registration gauge. If the forcevalue recorded is greater than 2.5 N 6 the force value specifiedin the document referencing this test, the test shall be repeated.Use a c

40、orrespondingly lower or higher rate of peel until themaximum value is within 62.5 N.NOTE 6For metallic coatings on polymeric substrates, the typicalforce range is:15N25NforMethod A120N35NforMethod A27.6 EvaluationInspect both the area of coating and thetape for evidence of flaking or detachment. Rep

41、eat the test atanother area of the part. Perform sufficient tests to ensure thatthe adhesion evaluation is representative of the whole surface.8. Report8.1 The test report shall contain the following:8.1.1 Method (A1 or A2),8.1.2 Type of coating,8.1.3 Any intermediate layers,8.1.4 Substrate material

42、,8.1.5 Type of tape used,8.1.6 Peel angle,8.1.7 Rate of peel,8.1.8 Any environmental exposure, and8.1.9 Any failure at intermediate layers.8.2 Report the test results as:p / Fmax(1)orf / Fmax(2)NOTE 1Item 1 is the pneumatic cylinder traverse channel; 2 is the pneumatic pull cylinder; 3 is the pneuma

43、tic cylinder traverse which is shown inthe 90 pull position; 4 is the digital force gage, which is attached to the piston rod; 5 is the tape grip; 6 is the part/specimen hold down; 7 is the fixturebase; 8 is the free end of the tape; 9 is a coated specimen; 10 is the piston. By a simple displacement

44、 of the traverse, the fixture can be modified for 180testing. The pull rate is adjustable between 20 and 250 mm/s.FIG. 1 Schematic of Tape Test FixtureB 905 00 (2005)3where:p = passed (no coating detachment),f = failed (coating detachment), andFmax= maximum registered peel force.9. Precision of Test

45、 Method A9.1 An interlaboratory study of this test method reviewedtape peel measurements on various coatings under several peelconditions. The results showed that maximum peel force of thetape depended significantly on the type of coating, the type oftape, the peel rate and the peel angle. There was

46、 an insignifi-cant relationship to the pressure used for adhering the tape tothe coating.9.2 The results of coating adhesion assessments obtained ondifferent coatings should only be compared when the maxi-mum deviation recorded, does not exceed 62.5 N.9.3 The results of coating adhesion assessments

47、obtainedwith Method A1 should not be compared with the resultsobtained with Method A2.TEST METHOD BDESTRUCTIVE, CROSS CUT TAPE TESTFOR LABORATORY INVESTIGATION10. Apparatus and Materials10.1 In addition to the apparatus and materials in 5.1 thefollowing also are required:10.1.1 Cutting ToolA sharp r

48、azor blade, scalpel, knife orother cutting device having a cutting edge angle between 15and 30 that will make either a single cut or several cuts atonce. It is of particular importance that the cutting edge be ingood condition.10.1.2 Cutting GuideIf cuts are made manually (as op-posed to a mechanica

49、l apparatus) a steel or other hard metalstraight edge or template should be used to ensure straight cuts.10.1.3 RuleA tempered steel rule graduated in 0.5 mmunits is required for measuring individual cuts.10.1.4 IlluminationA light source is recommended fordetermining whether the cuts have been made through the filmto the substrate.10.1.5 Magnifying GlassAn illuminated magnifier to beused while making individual cuts and examining the test area.11. Test Specimen11.1 Test panels shall be approximately 75 by 150 mm andat least 0.4 mm thick. Apply th