ASTM C1019-2008a Standard Test Method for Sampling and Testing Grout.pdf

1、Designation: C 1019 08aStandard Test Method forSampling and Testing Grout1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1019; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthese

2、s indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers procedures for both field andlaboratory sampling

3、and compression testing of grout used inmasonry construction. Grout for masonry is specified underSpecification C 476.NOTE 1The testing agency performing this test method should beevaluated in accordance with Practice C 1093.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. Th

4、e values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard t

5、o establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 39/C 39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-lindrical Concrete SpecimensC 143/C 143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Ce

6、ment ConcreteC 476 Specification for Grout for MasonryC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Cements and ConcretesC 617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Speci-mensC 1064/C 1064M Test Method for Temperature of

7、FreshlyMixed Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC 1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies forMasonryC 1611/C 1611M Test Method for Slump Flow of Self-Consolidating Concrete3. Significance and Use3.1 Grout used in masonry is a fluid mixture of cementitiousmaterials and aggregate with a high water c

8、ontent for ease ofplacement.3.1.1 During construction, grout is placed within or betweenabsorptive masonry units. Excess water must be removed fromgrout specimens in order to provide compressive strength testresults more nearly indicative of the grout strength in the wall.In this test method, molds

9、are made from masonry units havingthe same absorption and moisture content characteristics asthose being used in the construction.3.2 This test method is used to either help select groutproportions by comparing test values or as a quality control testfor uniformity of grout preparation during constr

10、uction.3.3 The physical exposure condition and curing of the groutare not exactly reproduced, but this test method does subjectthe grout specimens to absorption conditions similar to thoseexperienced by grout in the wall.NOTE 2Test results of grout specimens taken from a wall should notbe compared t

11、o test results obtained with this test method.4. Apparatus4.1 Maximum-Minimum Thermometer.4.2 Straightedge, a steel straightedge not less than 6 in.(152.4 mm) long and not less than116 in. (1.6 mm) inthickness.4.3 Tamping Rod, a nonabsorbent rod, either round orsquare in cross section nominally58 in

12、. (15.9 mm) in dimen-sion with ends rounded to hemispherical tips of the samediameter. The rod shall be a minimum length of 12 in. (304.8mm).4.4 Nonabsorbent Blocks and Spacers, nonabsorbent, rigidsquares and rectangles with side dimensions so as to achievethe desired grout specimen side dimensions

13、and of sufficientquantity or thickness to yield the desired grout specimenheight, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 3.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortarsand Grouts for Unit Masonry and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC12.02 on Research and Meth

14、ods of Test.Current edition approved Jan. 8, 2008. Published August 2008. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 1019 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMS

15、tandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 3Nonabsorbent blocks

16、may be of plastic, wood, or othernonabsorbent material. Certain species of wood contain sugars whichcause retardation of cement. In order to prevent this from occurring, newwooden blocks shall be soaked in limewater for 24 h, sealed with varnishor wax, or covered with an impermeable material prior t

17、o use.4.5 Panels and plates, pieces of34 in. (19 mm) plywoodwith dimensions as needed to contain units and grout speci-mens. Soak in limewater for 24 h, seal with varnish or wax, orcover with an impermeable material prior to use. A nonabsor-bant material of equivalent stiffness to the plywood is per

18、mit-ted.PROCEDURES5. Test Specimens5.1 Each grout specimen shall have a square cross-section,3 in. (76 mm) or larger on the sides and twice as high as itswidth. Dimensional tolerances shall be within 5 % of the widthselected.5.2 Test at least three specimens at each age specified.NOTE 4Frequency of

19、sampling and age of test is to be determined bythe specifier of this test method and is usually found in the constructiondocuments.6. Grout Specimen Molds6.1 Molds from Masonry Units:6.1.1 Select a level location where the molds remain undis-turbed for up to 48 h.NOTE 5The location of specimen const

20、ruction should be protectedand as free from perceptible vibration as possible.6.1.2 The construction of the mold shall simulate the in-situconstruction. If the grout is placed between two different typesof masonry units, both types shall be used to construct themold.6.1.3 Form a space with a square

21、cross-section, 3 in. (76mm) or larger on each side and twice as high as its width, bystacking masonry units of the same type and moisture condi-tion as those being used in the construction. The surface of theunit in contact with the grout specimen shall not have beenpreviously used to mold specimens

22、. Place nonabsorbentblocks, cut to proper size and of the proper thickness orquantity, at the bottom of the space to achieve the necessaryheight of specimen. Tolerance on space and specimen dimen-sions shall be within 5 % of the specimen width. See Fig. 1,Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 and accompanying notes.6.

23、1.4 Line the masonry surfaces that will be in contact withthe grout specimen with a thin, permeable material to preventbond to the masonry units. New lining material shall be usedfor each specimen.NOTE 6The lining, such as paper towel, is used to aid in stripping thegrout specimen from the mold. Pro

24、per installation of the lining preventsirregularly sized specimens and varying test results.6.1.5 Brace units to prevent displacement during groutingand curing.6.2 Alternative MethodsAlternative methods of formingthe specimens shall be used only with the approval of thespecifier. Such approval shall

25、 be based on comparative testingof grout specimens constructed from molds as described in 6.1and the alternative method. Approval shall be limited to asingle specimen shape, method of forming, masonry unitsused, and grout mix.Aconversion factor based on comparativetesting of a minimum of ten pairs o

26、f specimens shall be used tomodify results from alternative methods.NOTE 7Other methods of obtaining grout specimens and specimensof different geometry have been employed in grout testing, but are notdescribed in this test method. Other methods used to obtain groutspecimens include: drilling grout-f

27、illed cores of regular units; filling coresof masonry units specifically manufactured to provide grout specimens;filling compartments in slotted corrugated cardboard boxes specificallymanufactured to provide grout specimens; and forming specimens fromdifferent sized masonry units of the same or simi

28、lar material.Since test results vary with methods of forming the specimen, specimengeometry, and grout mix, comparative test results between specimensmade with molds described in 6.1 and specimens made with alternativemethods are required and confined to a single specimen shape, method offorming, ma

29、sonry units used, and grout mix.7. Sampling Grout7.1 Size of SampleGrout samples to be used for slump andcompressive strength tests shall be a minimum of12 ft3(0.014m3).7.2 ProcedureThe procedures used in sampling shallinclude the use of precautions that will assist in obtainingsamples that are repr

30、esentative of the nature and condition ofthe grout. After the final slump adjustment has been made,sample grout as the grout is being placed.7.2.1 Field SamplingCollect two or more portions takenat regularly spaced intervals during the discharge of the middleportion of the batch. The elapsed time be

31、tween obtaining thefirst and final portions of the sample shall be not more than 15min.7.2.2 Laboratory SamplingThe entire mixed batch ofgrout is the sample.NOTE 8The field technician sampling, making, and curing specimensfor acceptance testing should be certified (American Concrete InstituteNOTEFro

32、nt masonry unit stack not shown to allow view of specimen.FIG. 1 Grout Mold (Units 6 in. (152.4 mm) or Less in Height, 214in. (57.2 mm) High Brick Shown)NOTEFront masonry unit not shown to allow view of specimen.FIG. 2 Grout Mold (Units Greater than 6 in. (152.4 mm) High, 8 in.(203.2 mm) High Concre

33、te Masonry Unit Shown)C 1019 08a2Field Testing TechnicianGrade I, National Concrete Masonry Associa-tion Masonry Testing Technician, or equivalent). Equivalent certificationprograms should include both written and performance examinations.7.3 Place the grout sample in a non-absorptive container andc

34、over the top to protect the sample from the sun, wind, and anyother sources of rapid evaporation and from contamination.Transport the grout sample to the mold location. Remix thesample with a shovel or trowel to ensure uniformity prior tofilling molds. Keep remaining grout sample protected untilused

35、 to fill any depression in the sample due to initial waterloss.8. Temperature and Slump Test8.1 Measure and record the temperature of the grout samplein accordance with Test Method C 1064/C 1064M.8.2 Begin filling the slump cone within 5 min of obtainingthe final portion of the sample.8.3 For all gr

36、out except self-consolidating grout, measureand record the slump in accordance with the requirements ofTest Method C 143/C 143M.8.4 For self-consolidating grout, measure and record theslump flow in accordance with the requirements of TestMethod C 1611/C 1611M and visual stability index (VSI) inaccor

37、dance with the requirements of Test Method C 1611/C 1611M, Appendix X1.9. Compressive Test Specimen9.1 If grout from the slump or slump flow test is used for thecompressive test specimens, remix the sample. Begin filling thecompressive strength molds within 15 min of obtaining thefinal portion of th

38、e sample.9.2 For all grout except self-consolidating grout, fill themold with grout in two layers of approximately equal depth.Rod each layer 15 times with the tamping rod. Rod the bottomlayer through its depth. Slightly overfill the mold. Rod thesecond layer with the tamping rod penetrating12 in. (

39、12.7 mm)into the lower layer. Distribute the strokes uniformly over thecross section of the mold.9.3 For self-consolidating grout, fill the mold with grout inone layer and do not rod.9.4 Strike off the top surface of the specimen with astraightedge to produce a flat surface that is even with the top

40、edge of the mold and that has no depressions or projectionslarger than18 in. (3.2 mm). Cover immediately with a dampabsorbent material such as cloth or paper towel. Keep the topsurface of the specimens damp by wetting the absorbentmaterial and covering with a nonabsorbent, nonreactive mate-rial to r

41、etain the moisture. Do not disturb the specimens.9.5 Within 30 min after filling the mold, add sufficient groutwithout rodding to fill the depression caused by initial waterloss. Strike off the top surface of the specimen with astraightedge to produce a flat surface that is even with the topedge of

42、the mold. Cover immediately with a damp absorbentmaterial such as cloth or paper towel. Keep the top surface ofthe specimen damp by wetting the absorbent material andcovering with a nonabsorbent, nonreactive material. Do notdisturb the specimen until the molds are removed.NOTE 9The viscosity of self

43、-consolidating grout changes with time.Thus the depression may require filling prior to the thirty minute limit.9.6 Protect the specimens from freezing and variations intemperature. Store an indicating maximum-minimum ther-mometer with the specimens and record the maximum andminimum temperatures exp

44、erienced prior to the time thespecimens are placed in the final curing environment.10. Transportation, Curing, and Testing of the Specimens10.1 Remove the molds between 24 and 48 h after makingthe specimens.10.2 Within 30 min after removing the molds, place speci-mens in a protective container and k

45、eep specimens damp.10.3 Transport field specimens to the laboratory within 8 hafter mold removal.10.4 Within 8 h after mold removal, place in a moist room,moist cabinet, or water storage tank conforming to Specifica-tion C511. Store there until day of testing.FIG. 3 Grout Mold with Brick and Concret

46、e Masonry UnitsC 1019 08a310.5 Store there until day of testing. Keep specimen dampuntil tested.10.6 Cap the specimens in accordance with the applicablerequirements of Practice C 617.NOTE 10Practice C 617 refers to capping cylindrical specimens;therefore, the alignment devices may need to be modifie

47、d to ensure properuse with the rectangular prism specimens of this method. All othersections of Practice C 617 are applicable.10.7 Measure and record the width of each face at mid-height. Measure and record the height of each face at mid-width. Measure and record the amount out of plumb atmid-width

48、of each face.10.8 Test the specimens in a damp condition in accordancewith the applicable requirements of Test Method C 39/C 39M.11. Calculations11.1 Determine the average cross-sectional area by measur-ing the width of each face at its mid-height, calculating theaverage width of opposite faces, and

49、 multiplying the averages.11.2 For specimens from molds of masonry units, calculatethe compressive strength by dividing the maximum load by theaverage cross-sectional area and express the result to thenearest 10 psi (50 kPa).11.3 For specimens from alternative methods of forming,calculate a conversion factor between the results obtained fromcomparative testing by dividing the average compressivestrength of the specimens formed in accordance with 6.1 by theaverage compressive strength of the specimens formed by thealternative method. Calculate the average c