1、Designation: C1058/C1058M 10Standard Practice forSelecting Temperatures for Evaluating and ReportingThermal Properties of Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1058/C1058M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers standard mean temperatures forreporting thermal properties of
3、 thermal insulations, products,and materials, and of related systems and components, bothinsulated and uninsulated.1.2 Thermal properties shall be determined as a function oftemperature by standard test methods. (Test Methods C177,C201, C335, C518, C745, C1114, C1363, Guide C653, andPractice C687, a
4、ll in combination with Practice C1045.)NOTE 1Standard referenced materials are needed to span the tem-perature range of the tests.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; there
5、fore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This practice recommends standard conditions for use intesting and evaluating thermal properties as a function oftemperature by standard test methods.1.5
6、 General applications of thermal insulations include:1.5.1 Building envelopes,1.5.2 Mechanical systems or processes, and1.5.3 Building and industrial insulations.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the u
7、ser of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and T
8、hermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC201 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refracto-riesC335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow
9、Meter ApparatusC653 Guide for Determination of the Thermal Resistance ofLow-Density Blanket-Type Mineral Fiber InsulationC687 Practice for Determination of Thermal Resistance ofLoose-Fill Building InsulationC745 Test Method for Heat Flux Through Evacuated Insu-lations Using a Guarded Flat Plate Boil
10、off Calorimeter3C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-erties Under Steady-State ConditionsC1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Thin-Heater ApparatusC1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of BuildingMaterials and Envelope Assemblies b
11、y Means of a HotBox Apparatus3. Terminology3.1 Definitions For definitions of terms and symbols usedin this practice, refer to Terminology C168.4. Significance and Use4.1 The various methods for measuring and calculatingthermal properties provide data and information for manufac-turers published inf
12、ormation, for comparison of related prod-ucts, and for designers and users to evaluate insulation prod-ucts for particular applications. For these purposes it isadvisable to provide basic data and information producedunder standard temperature conditions.4.2 It is possible that thermal properties of
13、 a specimen willchange with mean temperature, with temperature differenceacross the specimens, and with high temperature exposure.Data and information at standard temperatures are necessaryfor valid comparison of thermal properties.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Th
14、ermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.30 on ThermalMeasurement.Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originallyapproved in 1986. Last previous edition approved 2008 as C1058 03 (2008). DOI:10.1520/C1058-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visi
15、t the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1C
16、opyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 The mean test temperatures to measure thermal proper-ties shall be selected from those listed in Table 1.Itisrecommended that thermal properties of insulation materials beevaluated ov
17、er a mean temperature range that represents theintended end use. For this situation, the lowest and greatestmean temperatures need to be within 10C of the maximumand minimum mean temperature of interest. The temperaturedifferences for any chosen mean temperature will depend uponboth the thermal insu
18、lation application (see appropriate mate-rials specification), the method of evaluation, and the limita-tions of the apparatus. Temperature differences or relevanttemperatue conditions required by ASTM material specifica-tions shall take precedence over those recommended in thispractice.4.3.1 Standa
19、rd conditions are presented where both surfacesare exposed to fixed ambient temperatures that are typical fortesting building constructions, both insulated and uninsulated(Table 2).4.3.2 Standard conditions are presented where the tempera-tures of the two surfaces are fixed and surface coefficients
20、arenot considered (Table 3).4.3.3 For conditions where the temperature of only onesurface is fixed with the other exposed to fixed ambienttemperature, use the mean temperatures of Table 1.4.4 These conditions must be stated to describe accuratelythermal properties such as thermal conductivity versus
21、 meantemperature for thermal insulating materials. Thermal insula-tions exhibiting inflection points due to the change of state ofinsulating gases (see Note 2), must be tested at sufficientlysmall temperature differences between (1) the hot and coldsides and (2) between mean temperatures. The test t
22、emperaturedifferences used depend on the vapor pressure versus tempera-ture relationship of the gases involved and the ability of the testapparatus to provide accurate measurements of low tempera-ture differences.NOTE 2Certain closed-cell cellular plastic insulations are of this type.5. Procedure5.1
23、 Since there are distinctly different needs or uses forthermal performance information, the test conditions selectedmust be appropriate to the need or use.5.2 Determine the use classification described in 5.3 andchoose the appropriate temperature conditions from the tables.NOTE 3These mean temperatu
24、res result from test temperatures for thehot and cold surfaces. Report the hot and cold surface temperatures thatare used in Practice C1045 to analyze non linear temperature dependen-cies for the thermal performance.5.2.1 If the tables do not contain the appropriate temperatureconditions, specifical
25、ly report exceptions.5.3 Thermal insulation classifications are:5.3.1 Building EnvelopesTypically, building assembliesor constructions, both insulated and uninsulated, are tested withboth surfaces exposed to fixed ambient temperatures as pre-scribed in Table 2. Normally, Test Method C1363 is used fo
26、revaluation of building assemblies. For building envelopes inmoderate climates with an anticipated exterior temperaturerange of 0 to 50C (nominally 30 to 120F), recommendedmean temperatures are 4, 24, and 43C 40, 75 and 110F.5.3.2 Mechanical Processes or Systems and Building andIndustrial Insulation
27、sEvaluations of thermal performanceare generally limited to a single material where data is neededfor codes, specifications, and technical literature. Evaluationsinvolve either (1) fixing both surface temperatures as pre-scribed in Tables 2 and 3 or (2) fixing one surface temperaturewith the other e
28、xposed to a fixed ambient temperature using themean temperatures of Table 1 and Test Method C335. Formechanical systems and processes for applications from -100to 150C nominally -200 to 300F, recommended meantemperatures are those in 5.3.1 plus 100 and -50C 200 and-50F. For industrial applications f
29、rom -200 to 600C nomi-nally -300 to 1200F, recommended mean temperatures are-100, 24, 150, 300, and 500C -200, 75, 300, 600, and1000F.6. Keywords6.1 building envelope; industrial application; mean testtemperature; mechanical process; selecting temperatures; ther-mal insulation; thermal propertyTABLE
30、 1 Mean Test Temperatures for Reporting and Evaluationof Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationsInsulation ClassificationMean Test TemperatureC FABuilding Envelopes 4 254 4010 5024 7538 10043 110Mechanical Systems or Processes and Buildingand Industrial Insulations: Use those listed in thistable a
31、bove and the following:200 300100 20075 10050 5025 0100 200150 300200 400250 500300 600350 700400 800500 1000600 1200700 1400800 16001000 18001100 2000AThe values in degrees Fahrenheit given in this table are not intended to beexact conversions of those values in degrees Celsius.C1058/C1058M 102ASTM
32、 International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are ent
33、irely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsan
34、d should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee o
35、n Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or a
36、t 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 2 Standard Temperatures for Thermal Transmittance Evaluations With
37、 Both Specimen Surfaces Exposed to FixedAmbient TemperaturesATemperature, CBTemperature, FBMean Hot AmbientCCold AmbientCMean Hot AmbientCCold AmbientC4 24 6 5 326 5 25 75 6 9 25 6 94246 5 156 5 40 75 6 9 5 6 910 24 6 546 5 50 75 6 9 25 6 924 38 6 5106 5 75 100 6 9 50 6 938 52 6 6 5 100 125 6 9 75 6
38、 943 63 6 46 5 110 145 6 9 75 6 9AThermal transmission properties of panels of various building constructions are thermal transmittance (U), and thermal conductance (C).BCelsius temperatures are standard. The values in degrees Fahrenheit given in this table are not intended to be exact conversions o
39、f those values given in degreesCelsius.CIt is possible that ambient temperatures other than shown will be required for applications other than normal building interior ambient temperatures. It is acceptableto determine thermal properties from test data using ambient temperatures suitable for the app
40、lications, but the change must be reported.TABLE 3 Standard Temperatures for Thermal Transmission Property Testing and Evaluation Both Surface Temperatures FixedANOTE 1Typical for use with Test Methods C177, C201, C518, and C1114.Temperature,CBTemperature, FBMeanTemperature DifferenceCDMeanTemperatu
41、re DifferenceCDSmall Large Small Large200 256 5 100 6 20 300 506 10 200 6 30100 25 6 5 200 6 20 200 50 6 10 300 6 3075 25 6 5 150 6 20 100 50 6 10 300 6 3050 25 6 5 150 6 20 50 50 6 10 300 6 2025 25 6 5 100 6 10 0 50 6 10 300 6 204 256 5506 10 25 50 6 10 100 6 20426 546 10 40 50 6 10 80 6 2010 256 6
42、 10 50 506 10 80 6 2024 25 6 06 10 75 50 6 10 80 6 2038 25 6 546 15 100 50 6 10 80 6 2543 25 6 6 15 110 50 6 10 80 6 25100 50 6 15 150 6 30 200 100 6 25 250 6 50150 506 15 275 6 30 300 100 6 25 450 6 50200 50 6 15 400 6 30 400 100 6 25 650 6 50250 506 15 525 6 30 500 1006 25 850 6 50300 50 6 15 650
43、6 30 600 100 6 25 1050 6 50350 50 6 15 775 6 30 700 100 6 25 1250 6 50400 100 6 30 800 6 60 800 200 6 50 1400 6 100500 100 6 30 900 6 60 1000 200 6 50 18006 100600 1006 30 1000 6 60 1200 2006 50 2200 6 100700 100 6 30 1300 6 60 1400 200 6 50 2600 6 100800 100 6 30 1500 6 60 1600 2006 50 3000 6 10010
44、00 100 6 30 1700 6 60 1800 200 6 50 32006 1001100 100 6 30 2100 6 60 2000 200 6 50 3600 6 100AThermal properties of insulation materials and systems such as thermal transference (Tt), conductance (C), and surface heat transfer coefficient (h0) are calculatedfrom test measurements of heat input, hot
45、surface temperature, cold surface temperature and ambient air temperature.BCelsius temperatures are standard. The values in degrees Fahrenheit are not intended to be exact conversions of those values in degrees Celsius.CAmbient temperatures other than shown may be required for applications other tha
46、n normal building interior ambient temperatures. Thermal properties should bedetermined from test data using ambient temperatures suitable for the applications, but the change must be reported.DSelection of temperature difference for property evaluations needs to reflect the actual temperature differences of the intended applications.C1058/C1058M 103
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