1、Designation: C 1086 09Standard Specification forGlass Fiber Mechanically Bonded Felt Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1086; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers glass fiber unsupportedneedled felt (mechanically bonded) binder-free insulation forthermal insulat
3、ion. This material is used as the thermalinsulation component in the fabrication of insulation systemsfor use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines,boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at temperatures fromambient up to 1200F (650C).1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of
4、thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas stand
5、ard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications toparagraphs in this standard when using Specification C 1086 inlieu of the United States Department
6、 of Defense, Departmentof Navy, Naval Sea Systems Command, in Washington, DC.Military Specifications No.(s) MIL-I-16411F.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanketor Batt Thermal InsulationsC 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177
7、Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC411 Test Method for H
8、ot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Steady-State ConditionsC 1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatur
9、es for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationD 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 578 Specification for Glass Fiber Strands2.2 U.S. Federal Standard:FED-STD-191 Textile Test Methods32.3 U.S. Military Standards:MIL-I-16411F Insulation Felt, Thermal, Glass Fiber3MIL-STD-16
10、23 Fire Performance Requirements and Ap-proved Specifications for Interior Finish Materials andFurnishings (Naval Shipboard Use)33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terminology C 168 and D 123 shall be considered asapplying to the terms used in this specification.3.1.2 Definitions in Specification D
11、 578 shall be consideredas applying to the terms used in defining glass fiber composi-tion code, process, and fiber diameter.4. Classification4.1 Thermal insulation shall be glass fiber, unsupportedneedled felt insulation, for use on surfaces with temperaturesup to 1200F (650C).5. Ordering Informati
12、on5.1 The purchase order or contract shall specify the follow-ing:5.1.1 Quantity of each thickness (10.1).5.1.2 Any special requirements for nonstandard sizes ordimensions (10.2 and 10.3).5.1.3 Any requirements for certification (19.1).5.1.4 Any special requirements for supplementary testingrequirem
13、ents (9.1). and1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 onBlanket and Loose Fill Insulation.Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edi
14、tion approved in 2008 as C 1086 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardiz
15、ation Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.5 Any special packaging information.6. Materials and
16、Manufacture6.1 The material shall consist of 100 % glass fiber needledinto insulation felts without the use of binders. No organicfibers and no glass or mineral shot shall be included in theproduct. It is acceptable for the insulation felt to be composedof laminates formed without the use of binders
17、. The glass fibersshall meet the designation C, Continuous Filament Yarns, inaccordance with Specification D 578 (see Note 1).6.2 The fiber diameter of the glass fiber used in the finalproduct, when determined in accordance with the FilamentDiameter section of Specification D 578 shall conform to th
18、erequirements of Table 1. The certification of the diameter of thefiber is to be provided in one of two ways: either by the feltmanufacturer or by certification of the glass fiber supplier anddocumentation by the manufacturer as to sources of supply.6.3 All materials used shall be asbestos and ceram
19、ic (refrac-tory) fiber-free.NOTE 1The fibers from glass composition designated as “E” glass(electrical glass) in the range from D through G meet the requirements ofTables 1 and 2.7. Physical Properties7.1 When tested in accordance with Section 16, the insula-tion shall conform to the physical requir
20、ements listed in Table2.8. Performance Characteristics8.1 Any of the following conditions can result in damage tothe needled glass fiber insulation:8.1.1 Direct exposure to hydrofluoric acid.8.1.2 Prolonged direct exposure to strong caustics.8.1.3 Prolonged exposure to boiling water.8.2 Conditions o
21、utlined in 8.1 are mentioned only to makethe user aware of such applications that require specialconsideration. Contact the insulation manufacturer for recom-mendations when the above conditions are anticipated.9. Other Requirements9.1 Supplementary requirements include qualification testsand accept
22、ance tests to special standards. These supplementaryrequirements are made by agreement to the supplier and thepurchaser only when specified in the purchase order orcontract.10. Standard Sizes and Dimensions10.1 ThicknessThe insulation shall be furnished in thethicknesses shown in Table 3.10.2 Insula
23、tion LengthUnless otherwise specified, theinsulation shall be furnished in rolls of the lengths given inTable 3.10.3 Insulation WidthUnless otherwise specified (5.1.2),the width of the insulation shall be 60 in. (1.52 m).10.4 Nominal Mass per AreaThe insulation shall befurnished in the mass per area
24、 shown in Table 4.11. Dimensional Tolerances11.1 Thickness ToleranceThe average thickness as deter-mined in accordance with 16.1.1 shall be within 60.125 in.(3.2 mm) of the specified thickness.11.2 Mass per Area ToleranceThe average mass per areashall be within 610 % of that specified in Table 4.11.
25、3 Insulation Length/ToleranceThe tolerance on thelengths, listed in Table 3, shall be 6 in. (152 mm), withexcess permitted. It is acceptable for a roll to contain either amaximum of one full thickness splice or consist of a maximumof two pieces.11.4 WidthThe width shall be within 0.5 in. (13 mm),to
26、+1.0 in. (25 mm) of the specified width.12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance12.1 Since some requirements for this material are noteasily defined by a numerical value, the insulation shall nothave visible defects that will adversely affect its servicequalities.TABLE 1 Requirements for Diameter of
27、FiberDiameter of Fiber Inch (Millimetre)Average diameter shall not exceed 0.00036 (0.009)90 % shall be less than 0.00040 (0.102)TABLE 2 Physical RequirementsThickness, length of roll See Table 3Mass per unit area See Table 4Apparent Thermal Conductivity, MaxABtu in./h ft2F (W/mK) at mean temp. of:75
28、F (24C) 0.29 (0.042)300F (149C) 0.40 (0.058)500F (260C) 0.50 (0.072)700F (371C) 0.65 (0.094)Hot Surface Performance no melting, no significantat 1200F (650C) shrinkage (max 5 %)Tensile strength: psi (kPa)Minimum 5 (34.5)Non-Combustibility PassAIt is possible that the thermal transmission properties
29、of felted glass fiberthermal insulation will vary with temperature, temperature gradient, thickness andshape. Note that the apparent thermal conductivity requirements specified in thetable are based on samples tested under conditions specified in 16.1.3. These arecomparative values for establishing
30、specification compliance and it is possible thatthey do not represent the installed performance of the insulation under useconditions of the insulation differing substantially from the test conditions.TABLE 3 Standard DimensionsNominal InsulationThickness, Length,in. (mm) ft (m)0.3 (7.6) 150 (45.2)0
31、.5 (12.7) 75 (22.9)0.75 (19.1) 45 (13.7)1.0 (25.4) 45 (13.7)TABLE 4 Standard ParametersNominalThickness,in. (mm)Mass per Areaoz/ft2(kg/m2)0.3 (7.6) 3.5 (1.07)0.5 (12.7) 6.0 (1.83)0.75 (19.1) 12.25 (3.74)1.0 (25.4) 15.0 (4.58)C108609213. Qualification Requirements Qualification Requirements13.1 The f
32、ollowing requirements are generally employedfor the purpose of initial material or product qualification inaccordance with Practice C 390:13.1.1 Standard sizes and dimensions,13.1.2 Apparent thermal conductivity,13.1.3 Diameter of fiber,13.1.4 Hot surface performance,13.1.5 Tensile strength, and13.1
33、.6 Non-combustibility.14. Sampling14.1 The insulation shall be sampled for qualification test-ing and for inspection in accordance with Practice C 390.Specific provision for sampling shall be agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the supplier.15. Inspection Requirements15.1 Inspection for Quality Ass
34、uranceThe following re-quirements are generally employed for purposes of acceptancesampling of lots or shipments of qualified felted insulation.15.1.1 Thickness.15.1.2 Mass per unit area.15.2 Points of InspectionWhen agreed to by the purchaserand the manufacturer, and when specified in the purchase
35、orderor contract, the inspection of the material shall be made ateither the point of shipment or point of delivery.16. Test Methods16.1 The properties enumerated in this specification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following test methods:16.1.1 ThicknessTest Methods C 167. Follow the spec
36、i-fied pressure alternative procedure of Test Methods C 167except that the expansion procedure for sample preparation isnot necessary.Atest specimen shall be taken that is 4 ft long bythe full width of the insulation felt. The test specimen shall beruled off into 20 approximately square and equal ar
37、eas, and thethickness measurement taken at the center of ten areas, no twoof which shall have a contiguous side. The specimen shall beplaced on a hard flat surface and the thickness shall bemeasured using a dial gage indicator. The gage shall have acircular presser foot 34 in. (76102 mm) in diameter
38、. The footshall exert a pressure of 0.1 lb/in.2(7 gm/cm2) 6 10 %. Thegage shall be calibrated before use with a gage block. Theaverage of the ten thickness measurements shall be taken as thethickness of the test specimen.16.1.2 Area WeightTest Methods C 167, except that theexpansion procedure for sa
39、mple preparation is not necessary.The weight per unit area shall be reported in ounces per squarefoot (kilograms per square metre). The test specimen shall be4 ft long by the full width of the felt. It is acceptable for thespecimen taken for the thickness measurement to be used forthe weight per uni
40、t area measurement.16.1.3 Apparent Thermal ConductivityApparent thermalconductivity shall be determined in accordance with TestMethods C 177, C 335 or C 518. In case of dispute, TestMethod C 177 shall be used.16.1.3.1 See Practice C 1045 for requirements and guide-lines for the determination of ther
41、mal transmission properties.16.1.3.2 See Practice C 1058 for guidelines for reportingthermal properties.16.2 Hot Surface PerformanceTest Method C411. Thetest temperature shall be that specified in 3.1, or the manufac-turers recommended temperature, whichever is higher.16.3 Tensile StrengthThe tensil
42、e strength shall be deter-mined by the grab test method described in Method 5100 ofFED-STD-191 with the following exceptions: The test sampleshall be from 12 to 14 in. long by the full width of the felt. Fivetest specimens measuring 12 in. in the width direction by 12 to14 in. (305 by 355 mm) long s
43、hall be cut from the sample. Thespecimens shall be clamped at the top and bottom sections bya nominal12 in. (12 mm) pipe covered with 0.25-in. (6-mm)thick sponge rubber to prevent cutting and slipping of thespecimens. The clamped specimens, having a test area of about1ft2(0.09 m2) shall be attached
44、to the grips of the testingmachine that shall separate at a rate of 2 6 0.2 in. (51 6 5mm)/min until rupture occurs. Tensile strength determinationsshall be made on specimens before and after being subjected tosoaking heat to 1200F (650C) for 6 h. The tensile strengthshall be expressed in pounds per
45、 square inch (kilopascals)based on the nominal cross-sectional area. The tensile strengthfor purposes of determining conformance shall be the averageof the five measurements on these specimens (see Table 2).16.4 NoncombustibilityTest method USCG 164.009 (inaccordance with MIL-STD-1623) or IMO 1182:1
46、990 per FTPCode Annex, Part 1.17. Rejection and Rehearing17.1 It is acceptable to reject material that fails to conformto the requirements of the agreed upon specification. Rejectionshall be reported to the producer or supplier promptly and inwriting. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of t
47、he test, theproducer or the supplier may make claim for a rehearing.17.2 The certification of an independent third party indicat-ing conformance to the requirements of this specification is anacceptable substitute to the manufacturers certification, uponthe request of the purchaser in the contract o
48、r order.17.3 In case of rejection, the manufacturer or supplier shallhave the right to reinspect the rejected shipment and resubmitthe lot after removal of the portion of the shipment notconforming to the specified requirements.18. Certification18.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract,
49、theproducer or the supplier shall furnish a certificate to thepurchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled, andtested or inspected in accordance with this specification andhas been found to meet the requirements. The supplier shallfurnish a summary of the documentation of the qualificationtest results or the inspection test results, or both, upon request.19. Packaging and Package Marking19.1 PackagingUnless otherwise agreed upon or speci-fied between the purchaser and manufacturer or supplier,insulation shall be packed in the manufa
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