1、Designation: C 1154 06Standard Terminology forNon-Asbestos Fiber-Reinforced Cement Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1154; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard covers definitions pertaining to non-asbestos fiber-reinforced cement products under the jurisdic-tion of Committee C17.2.
3、 Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 150 Specification for Portland CementC 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC 966 Guide for Installing Asbestos-Cement NonpressurePipeC 1185 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Non-Asbestos Fiber-Cement
4、 Flat Sheet, Roofing and SidingShingles, and ClapboardsC 1186 Specification for Flat Non-Asbestos Fiber-CementSheetsC 1449 Specification for Non-Asbestos Fiber-Cement Non-pressure Sewer PipeD 1118 Test Method for Magnetic Rating of Asbestos Fiberand Asbestos Textiles3. Terminologyaccessories, nsubor
5、dinate material such as fasteners, backerstrips, closure strips, ridge and corner rolls, roofing startersand finishing pieces, couplings, gaskets, pipe fittings or othersupplementary material necessary for the proper applicationof primary fiber-reinforced cement products.American method, n in shingl
6、es, a method of applicationfor roofing shingles, generally rectangular in shape, toprovide double coverage with head lap and no side lap.AOQL, nThe average outgoing quality limit of a samplingplan is the maximum value of the proportion defectiveaccepted on average by that plan. AOQL is the maximumva
7、lue of the multiplicand of the proportion nonconformingand the probability of acceptance from the sampling planoperating characteristic.asphalt felt, breather type, nan underlayment sheet mate-rial saturated with asphalt, which allows the transmission ofwater vapor.autoclaved products, nthose that h
8、ave been treated in asaturated steam atmosphere at between 620 and 1517 kPa(90 and 220 psi,) for at least 6 h, and that contain portlandcement as defined in Specifications C 150 and C 618 to-gether with silica in the ratio of 3:2 that can react to formcalcium silicate reaction products.backer strips
9、, n in shingles, water-repellent strips ofasphalt-coated felt applied behind each joint where thevertical edges of two shingles meet.batten, na long narrow strip, either flat or corrugated, usedto conceal the joints in butt joint application of flat orcorrugated sheets.caulking, na material ranging
10、in physical characteristicsfrom plastic, to solid, to preformed, used to seal andwaterproof joints and overlaps in structures, other assem-blies, or portions thereof where movement may occur.cement-bonded particle board, nmanufactured flat sheetsof hydraulic cementitious matrices and fibrous wood pa
11、r-ticles.clip, nin shinglesSee storm anchor.closure strip, nan asphalt or rubber preformed filler striphaving the same shape and pitch as the corrugated product,used to close openings in the corrugated sheets at windowbeads, eaves, lower edge of siding, and similar pacted backfill, n in pipe laying,
12、 backfill materialwhich has been compacted to the density specified by theengineer.conduit, npipe used to protect wires for electric-power orcommunication systems, for both underground and exposedsituations.constructor, n in pipe laying, the party that furnishes thework and materials for placement a
13、nd installation.corner rolls, nhalf-round units used to trim and flash cornersin corrugated application.corrugated, adjpertaining to a sheet product having a designof sinusoidal alternating ridges and valleys manufacturedaccording to a specific pitch.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of AS
14、TM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC17.91 on Editorial and Terminology.Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 115402.2For referenced ASTM stan
15、dards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
16、PA 19428-2959, United States.coupling, nin fiber-cement nonpressure sewer pipe, a sectionfor joining nonpressure sewer pipe, that when properlyinstalled with the proper accessories, develops an assembledjoint equivalent in serviceability and strength to the pipesections, when tested in accordance wi
17、th 6.3.1 of Specifica-tion C 1449.coupling, nin fiber-cement conduit, underdrain and stormdrain pipe, component made from a larger diameter pipe ofthe same type or class, or of Type II and a higher class, orproduced otherwise to yield at least equal performance, forjoining fiber-cement pipe that whe
18、n properly installed, formsa silt tight joint, allows alignment corrections and slightchanges in direction, and provides an assembled jointequivalent in serviceability and strength to the pipe sections.Alternatively, for storm drain couplings, sleeves made fromother materials that, when properly ins
19、talled, develop suffi-cient tightness to prevent the surrounding soil from enteringthe drain, may be used as couplings.crushing strength, n for pipes, a property of solid materialthat indicates its ability to withstand collapse from external,compressive loads.cure, nthe reaction mechanism in which t
20、he physical,chemical and mechanical properties of a hydraulic cementchange through the phases of slurry-paste-solid with time,with or without external heat, in the presence of water.cure, air or ambient, nthe method of setting or hardeningproducts wherein the portland cement is allowed to hydrateat
21、atmospheric conditions of pressure, preferably underconditions to inhibit water and heat loss.cure, autoclave, na means for accelerating the cure reactionat elevated temperature and pressure in saturated steam,where reactive siliceous material has been incorporated intothe cementitious matrix, such
22、that a hydrothermal reactiontakes place between the cement and silica yielding calciumsilicate.curing agent, nan additive incorporated in the constituentsof products producing a change in chemical activity betweenthe cementitious components with an increase or decrease inthe rate of cure.deflection,
23、 nthe linear distance that a test specimen bends atthe center from no load to stated load, when loaded as abeam with the load applied at the center of the span.density, nmass per unit volume expressed in g/cm3or lb/ft3.drawings, nin pipe laying, drawings prepared by the pur-chaser to show the locati
24、on and details for the constructionof the pipeline and appurtenances.Dutch or Scotch method, n in shingles, a method ofapplication for roofing shingles which are rectangular inshape and lap at the top and one side to form either a squareor rectangular pattern.efflorescence (bloom), na white powdery
25、substance occur-ring on the surface of products and caused by the migrationof soluble salts, followed by precipitation of calcium hy-droxide at the surface followed by an atmospheric carbon-ation.engineer, nin pipe laying, the person, firm, corporation, orgovernment agency acting for the owner as hi
26、s duly autho-rized agent in the designing and engineering of the project.fiber, nin fiber-cement, any material in a form such that it hasa minimum length to average maximum transverse dimen-sion of 10 to 1, a maximum cross-sectional area of5.06 3 102mm2(corresponding to a circular cross sectionof 0.
27、254 mm in diameter) and a maximum transversedimension of 0.254 mm.fiber, nin fiber-reinforced cement, any material in a formsuch that it has an aspect ration of at least 10 and a typicaltransverse dimension less than 2 mm.fiber-cement products, nmanufactured thin section com-posites of hydraulic cem
28、entitious matrices and discretenon-asbestos fibers.fiber-mat reinforced products, n manufactured thin sectioncomposites of hydraulic cementitious matrices and non-asbestos fibers in two-dimensional scrim(s).fiber-reinforced, adjimparting improved properties to hy-draulic cement matrices due to the i
29、nclusion of fibers.fibrous, adjpertaining to, consisting of, or containing fibers.filler, nan inert inorganic material used as an extender ormineral diluent in the constituents of products which doesnot add to the cementitious value of the cement.fitting, nfor pipes, component such as wyes, tees, an
30、dadaptors for use in laying pipe, such that, when properlyinstalled yields an assembly equivalent in serviceability andstrength to the pipe sections.fitting, nfor conduit, component such as adapters, reducers,increasers, bends and bell ends, for use in laying conduit andmade to such dimensions as wi
31、ll provide equivalent strengthand silt-tight joints when assembled with the conduit.flat sheets, Type A, nsheet intended for exterior applica-tions, where it may be subjected to the direct action of sun,rain, or snow, and when tested in accordance with TestMethods C 1185, does demonstrate compliance
32、 with Speci-fication C 1186.flat sheets, Type B, nsheet intended for exterior applicationswhere it will not be subjected to the direct action of sun, rain,or snow, and when tested in accordance with Test MethodsC 1185, does demonstrate compliance with SpecificationC 1186.flexural strength, n in bulk
33、heading, the transverse breakingload in newtons per meter of width (lbf/ft of width) ofsaturated sheets when loaded on a span of 1.524 m (5 ft) withthe load applied equally and simultaneously at both one-third points of the span.flexural strength, n in plastic-foam core insulating panels,the average
34、 breaking load in newtons (or lbf) of specimensconditioned at 50 % relative humidity, loaded as simplebeams with the load applied equally and simultaneously atboth one-third points of the span.flexural strength, n in flat sheet, the average breaking loadin newtons (or lbf) per metre (foot) of width
35、of driedspecimens loaded as simple beams on a span of 254 mm (10in.) with the load applied at the center of the span.flexural strength, n in corrugated sheets, the averagebreaking load in newtons per meter of width (or lbfft ofwidth) of dried specimens loaded as simple beams on a762-mm (30-in.) span
36、 with the load applied equally andsimultaneously at both one-third points of the span.C1154062DISCUSSIONThe flexural performance is defined as the momentcapacity in Nm/m (or ftlbf/ft) of width obtained from the product offlexural strength and span divided by 6.flexural strength, n in pipe, the abili
37、ty of a standard pipelongitudinal section to withstand external loads that bear onthe pipe transversely to its longitudinal axis and inducebending.free lime, nuncombined calcium hydroxide.French or hexagonal method, nin shingles, a method ofapplication for asbestos-cement roofing, whereby theshingle
38、s have at least three corners clipped so that when theyare laid with their diagonals perpendicular to the eave of theroof, they lap at the top and sides to form a hexagonalpattern.grade, nsubdivision of flat sheets based on minimum wetand equilibrium flexural strengths.granules, nsmall ceramic or na
39、tural colored mineral pelletsor grains applied to products to lend color to the surface.headlap, nin shingles, the shortest distance between thelower edge of an overlapping shingle or sheet and the upperedge of the lapped unit in the second course below (see Fig.1).hip and ridge, finishing pieces, n
40、in shingles, rectangularpieces of roofing shingles cut to a flare or taper and appliedwith a side lap to conceal the joint of roofing shingles alongthe hips and ridge of a roof.hydrostatic strength, n in pipes, the ability of the pipe andcoupling sleeve to withstand the forces resulting frominternal
41、 pressure.inspector, nin pipe laying, an authorized representative ofthe engineer, or owner, assigned to make any and allnecessary inspections of the work performed, includingmaterials and equipment furnished.lap cement, nthe cementitious material used to seal the sideand end laps of corrugated roof
42、ing.louver blade, na shaped asbestos-cement product used toguard ventilation ports.manufacturer, nthe party that manufactures, fabricates, orproduces materials or products.owner, nin pipe laying, the person, firm, corporation, orgovernment agency entering into contract with the contrac-tor for the i
43、nstallation of pipe and accessories.package unit, n in pipe laying, several units of pipe boundtogether for the purpose of being transported and, whendesired, unloaded at the job site.pitch, nin cooling tower fill, the wave length of corrugatedproducts.plans and specifications, nin pipe laying, docu
44、ments pre-pared by the engineer or owner, or both, stipulating work tobe done and materials to be used which, combined with othercontract documents and Guide C 966, form the basis for acomprehensive contract between the owner and the contrac-tor.pressed products, n in cooling tower fill, includes th
45、ose thatare pressed singly or in stacks interlayered with templates, ata minimum pressure of 12 MPa (1740 psi).purchaser, nin pipe laying, the person, company, or organi-zation that purchases any materials or work to be performed.ranch type, adj in shingles, pertaining to a type of roofing,rectangul
46、ar in shape, that is lapped at the top and one side.ridge roll, na half-round section applied along the hips andridge of a roof to conceal and waterproof the apex joint ofthe roofing material.side lap, nthe shortest horizontal distance between theexposed side edge of a course of roofing or siding ma
47、terialand the nearest underlying area of roof deck or side wall notcovered by the preceding adjacent course.silica, npulverized silicon dioxide (SiO2) used as a filler ora part of the cementitious material.slaters cement, na type of caulking compound, usuallygray in color, and used to cover exposed
48、bolt heads or at theside and end laps of corrugated roofing and in other placeswhere water-resistant putty-like material is desired.slope, nin roofing, the incline of a roof expressed as a ratioof the height in millimetres (inches) of vertical rise perhorizontal distance in metres (feet).standard, p
49、rimary, none whose calibration is determinedby measurement according to specified parameters.standard, secondary, nstandard calibrated by reference toanother standard such as a primary, reference, laboratory, orworking standard.starters, nin shingles, lateral sections of roofing shinglesapplied beneath the first course of shingles with slightoverhang at the eaves.storm anchor (clip), n in shingles, a corrosion-resistantmetal fastener with a flat base and a shank that fastens theconcealed lower corn
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