ASTM C1157-2008a Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement.pdf

1、Designation: C 1157 08aStandard Performance Specification forHydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1157; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parent

2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This performance specification covers hydraulic ce-ments for both general and special applications. There are norestrictions on the composition of the

3、 cement or its constituents(See Note 1).NOTE 1There are two related hydraulic cement standards, Specifica-tion C 150 for portland cement and Specifications C 595 for blendedcements, both of which contain prescriptive and performance require-ments1.2 This performance specification classifies cements

4、basedon specific requirements for general use, high early strength,resistance to attack by sulfates, and heat of hydration. Optionalrequirements are provided for the property of low reactivitywith alkali-silica-reactive aggregates.1.3 For properties where values are given in both SI andinch-pound un

5、its, the values in SI units are to be regarded asthe standard. Values in SI units shall be obtained by measure-ment in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rulesfor Conversion and Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10,ofmeasurements made in other units.1.4 The text of this standard refers to

6、 notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements ofthe standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of

7、 this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C11

8、4 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC 150 Specification for Portland CementC 151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of HydraulicCementC 183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC 185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC 186 Test Meth

9、od for Heat of Hydration of HydraulicCementC 188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC 191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of HydraulicCement by Vicat NeedleC 204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir-Permeability ApparatusC 219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC 227 Tes

10、t Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity ofCement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C 359 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Ce-ment (Mortar Method)C 430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement bythe 45-m (No. 325) SieveC 441 Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans orGroun

11、d Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Ex-pansion of Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica ReactionC 451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Ce-ment (Paste Method)C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC 596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Con-taining Hydraulic Cemen

12、tC 1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC 1038 Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic CementMortar Bars Stored in WaterIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System3. Terminology3.1 Definitio

13、ns:1This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeC01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 onHydraulic Cements for General Concrete Construction.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008. Published January 2009. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last p

14、revious edition approved in 2008 as C 1157 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of

15、Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology C 219.4. Classification and Use4.1 The types of hydraulic cement co

16、vered by this specifi-cation are given in 4.2.1-4.2.6 and are classified in accordancewith specific properties defined in Table 1 (See Note 2).NOTE 2This specification is based on hydraulic cement attributesrelated to concrete performance, including strength development, sulfateresistance, heat of h

17、ydration, and resistance to alkali-silica reactivity.Concrete performance is dependent on many factors such as characteris-tics of other concrete materials, mix design, production, handling, andenvironmental conditions. For performance properties of concrete, includ-ing permeability, resistance to f

18、reeze-thaw cycles and deicer salt scaling,additional information may be obtained through the use of comparativetesting of concretes.4.2 Cements conforming to this specification shall be des-ignated in accordance with the nomenclature with specialcharacteristics indicated by type in accordance with t

19、he typesin 4.2.1-4.2.6. When the type is not specified, the requirementsof type GU shall apply.4.2.1 Type GU Hydraulic cement for general construc-tion. Use when one or more of the special types are notrequired.4.2.2 Type HEHigh Early-Strength.4.2.3 Type MSModerate Sulfate Resistance.4.2.4 Type HSHi

20、gh Sulfate Resistance.4.2.5 Type MHModerate Heat of Hydration.4.2.6 Type LHLow Heat of Hydration.4.3 Additional OptionThe following additional purchaseoption applies for any of the principal types listed. When thisoption is invoked, its letter designation and title shall followimmediately after the

21、respective letter designation and title ofthe principal type (for example, Type MS(R).4.3.1 Option RLow Reactivity with alkali-silica-reactiveaggregates. When tested for potential activity with reactiveaggregates, the cement shall meet the requirements of Table 1for Option R.5. Ordering Information5

22、.1 Orders for cement meeting the requirements of thisspecification shall include:TABLE 1 Standard Physical RequirementsCement TypeApplicableTest MethodGU HE MS HS MH LHFineness C 204AAAAAAAutoclave length change, max, % C 151 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80Time of setting, vicat testBC 191Initial, not

23、 less than, minutes 45 45 45 45 45 45Initial, not more than, minutes 420 420 420 420 420 420Air content of mortar volume, % C 185CCCCCCCompressive strengthminimum, MPa (psi)DC 109/C 109M1 day . 10 (1450) . . . .3 days 13 (1890) 17 (2470) 11 (1600) 11 (1600) 5 (725) .7 days 20 (2900) . 18 (2610) 18 (

24、2610) 11 (1600) 11 (1600)28 days 28 (4060) . . 25 (3620) . 21 (3050)Heat of hydration C 1867 days, max, kJ/kg (kcal/kg)28 days, max, kJ/kg (kcal/kg).290 (70).250 (60)290 (70)Mortar bar expansion C 103814 days, % max 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020Sulfate expansion(sulfate resistance)EC 10126 mon

25、ths, max, %1 year, max, %.0.10.0.050.10.Optionial Physical RequirementsOption RLow reactivity withalkali-silica-reactive aggregatesFC 227Expansion at14 days, max, %56 days, max, %0.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.060Early stiffening, finalpenetration, min,%C 451 50 50 50 50 50

26、 50Compressive strength,D28 days, min, MPaC 109/C 109M . . 28.0 . 22.0 .Drying Shrinkage, % C 596 .G.G.G.G.G.GABoth amount retained when wet sieved on the 45-m (No. 325) sieve and specific surface area by air permeability apparatus in m2/kg shall be reported on all certificatesof test results reques

27、ted from the manufacturer.BTime of setting refers to initial setting time in Test Method C 191.CAir content shall be reported on all certificates of test results requested from the manufacturer. A given value in mortar does not necessarily assure that the desiredair content will be obtained in concr

28、ete.DCements may be shipped prior to later-age test data being available. In such cases, the test value may be left blank. Alternatively, the manufacturer can generallyprovide estimates based on historical production data. The report shall indicate if such estimates are provided.EIn the testing of H

29、S cement, testing at one year shall not be required when the cement meets the 6 month limit. An HS cement failing the 6 month limit shall not berejected unless it also fails the one year limit.FCompliance with this requirement shall not be requested unless the cement will be used with alkali-reactiv

30、e aggregate.GAt the request of the purchaser, data on drying shrinkage shall be supplied.C 1157 08a25.1.1 The specification designationASTM C 1157, and date,5.1.2 The type of cement required. If no type is specified,Type GU shall be supplied.5.1.3 A statement that an option is invoked, when such isd

31、esired, and5.1.4 Manufacturers certification, if required.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The chemical composition for the cement is not speci-fied. However, the cement shall be analyzed for informationalpurposes.7. Physical Properties7.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of theapplicable

32、 standard physical requirements of Table 1.7.2 When optional requirements are specified, the cementshall conform to the applicable optional limits of Table 1.8. Sampling8.1 When the purchaser requires that the cement be sampledand tested to verify compliance with this specification, samplein accorda

33、nce with Practice C 183. Provide adequate facilitiesfor sampling the finished cement. Sample the finished cementat the mill or at the site of transfer of ownership as may bespecified by the purchaser.8.2 Practice C 183 is not designed for manufacturing qualitycontrol and is not required for manufact

34、urers certification.9. Test Methods9.1 When testing a cement for compliance with this speci-fication, or for general characterization, use the followingmethods, with modifications or exceptions as indicated.9.2 Chemical AnalysisChemically analyze the cementusing Test Methods C114for major and minor

35、oxides presentin greatest quantity that together, including loss-on-ignition,constitute at least 98 % of the total mass of the cement.9.3 Fineness:9.3.1 Determine fineness by Test Method C 204.9.3.2 Determine amount retained on the 45-m (No. 325)sieve by Test Method C 430.9.4 Determine autoclave exp

36、ansion by Test Method C 151,except that for cements with 1-day compressive strengthsanticipated to be below 3.4 MPa (500 psi), store the testspecimen in a moist cabinet for a period of 48 h beforedemolding and measuring their length.9.5 Determine the time of setting using Test Method C 191.Only the

37、time of initial setting is required.9.6 Test the mortar for air content using Test Method C 185using the actual density of the cement, as determined by TestMethod C 188, if it differs from 3.15 Mg/m3by more than 0.05Mg/m3.9.7 Determine compressive strength using Test MethodC 109/C 109M. Tests shall

38、be conducted at each age specifiedin Table 1.9.8 Determine heat of hydration using Test Method C 186.9.9 Determine sulfate resistance using Test Method C 1012.9.10 Determine reactivity of cement with alkali-silica-reactive aggregate (Option R) using Test Method C 227 usingcrushed borosilicate glass,

39、 as described in Test Method C 441,as aggregate.9.11 Determine early stiffening using Test Method C 451(See Note 3).NOTE 3Additional characterization information may be obtained withTest Method C 359.9.12 Determine mortar bar expansion using Test MethodC 1038 using a 14-day immersion period.9.13 Det

40、ermine drying shrinkage using Test Method C 596.10. Testing Time Requirements10.1 The purchaser shall make necessary arrangements forshipment of samples to the testing laboratory. Add the timerequired for transport to the laboratory to the minimum timeintervals allowed from receipt of the samples by

41、 the testinglaboratory.10.2 The minimum time allowed from receipt of samples bythe testing laboratory to the report of test results shall bedetermined by the required age of specimen at the time oftesting plus seven days.10.3 A written report of results of applicable tests shall beavailable within n

42、ot more than three days of the intervalindicated in 10.2.10.4 These time limits do not apply to retesting or additionaltesting. Such testing shall not provide the basis for initialacceptance or rejection of the cement (See Note 4).NOTE 4Aging effects on small samples of cement stored for longperiods

43、 of time can produce test results that are not representative of thefresh cement nor of cement stored in large quantity for equal periods oftime.11. Testing by the Manufacturer11.1 Test samples of cement for compliance with thisspecification, and for chemical analysis and fineness. Locationand frequ

44、ency of sampling are at the discretion of the manu-facturer and are permitted to be changed upon agreementbetween the purchaser and supplier. Sampling and testing shallbe either part of, or in addition to, the manufacturers normalquality control.11.2 Special Testing:11.2.1 The following requirements

45、 for testing apply only totests for sulfate resistance and low reactivity with alkali-silica-reactive aggregates.11.2.1.1 For sulfate resistance of Types MS and HS and forOption R of any cement, make tests at least once every 12months.1. Retest if the amount of an ingredient making up 10 %by mass or

46、 more of the cement is changed by 6 5 % or moreby mass (See Note 5).NOTE 5For example, if the cement met the applicable requirementwith a slag or fly ash content of 25 % by mass, retesting is required if theslag or fly ash content is changed beyond the range of 20 to 30 %.2. Retest if the amount of

47、an ingredient making up lessthan 10 % by mass of the cement is changed by 6 50 % ormore of the amount previously shown to satisfy the applicablerequirements (See Note 6).C 1157 08a3NOTE 6For example, if the cement met the applicable requirementwith a silica fume content of 5 % by mass, retesting is

48、required if the silicafume content is changed beyond the range of 2.5 to 7.5 %.3. Retest if the mass % of SiO2or CaO in the cement, orif the mass % of CaO or SiO2in an ingredient making up 10 %by mass or more of the cement, is changed by 6 3 % or moreby mass (See Note 7).NOTE 7For example, if the Si

49、O2content of the cement met therequirement at 20 % by mass of the cement, retesting is required if theSiO2content changes beyond the range of 17 to 23 %.12. Inspection12.1 Inspection of the material shall be as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the seller as part of the purchasecontract.13. Rejection13.1 At the option of the purchaser, material that fails toconform to the applicable requirements of this specification forthe type specified shall be rejected. Report rejection to themanufacturer or supplier promptly and in writing, stating th