1、Designation: C1170/C1170M 141Standard Test Method forDetermining Consistency and Density of Roller-CompactedConcrete Using a Vibrating Table1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1170/C1170M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial corrections were made to 10.2.6 in June 2014.1. Scope*1.1 This test method is u
3、sed to determine the consistency ofconcrete using a vibrating table and a surcharge and todetermine the density of the consolidated concrete specimen.This test method is applicable to freshly mixed concrete,prepared in both the laboratory and the field, having a nominalmaximum size aggregate of 50 m
4、m 2 in. or less. If thenominal maximum size of aggregate is larger than 50 mm 2in., the test method is applicable only when performed on thefraction passing the 50-mm 2-in. sieve with the largeraggregate being removed in accordance with Practice C172.1.2 This test method, intended for use in testing
5、 roller-compacted concrete, may be applicable to testing other types ofconcrete such as cement-treated aggregate and mixtures similarto soil-cement.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact
6、equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the us
7、er of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFreshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents
8、2.1 ASTM Standards:3C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)and Voids in AggregateC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteC670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction Mat
9、erialsC1067 Practice for Conducting a Ruggedness Evaluation orScreening Program for Test Methods for ConstructionMaterialsD1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-istics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3(2,700 kN-m/m3)E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and
10、 TestSievesE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, referto Terminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 extremely dry consistency, nfor the purpose of
11、thisstandard, the consistency of concrete having no slump and aVebe consistency greater than 30 s when measured withProcedure A.3.2.2 stiff consistency, nfor the purpose of this standard,the consistency of concrete having no slump and a Vebeconsistency ranging from 5 to 20 s when measured withProced
12、ure B.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.45 on Roller-Compacted Concrete.Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published May 2014. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition
13、 approved in 2008 as C1170 08. DOI:10.1520/C1170_C1170M-14E01.2Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo
14、r Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.3
15、Vebe consistency, nthe time required for a givenmass of concrete to be consolidated by vibration in a cylindri-cally shaped mold under a surcharge mass.3.2.4 very stiff consistency, nfor the purpose of thisstandard, the consistency of concrete having no slump and aVebe consistency ranging from 20 to
16、 30 s when measured withProcedure A or B.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A vibrating table is used to measure the consistency ofstiff to extremely dry concrete mixtures (see Note 1). Densityof the compacted specimen is measured by determining themass of the consolidated specimen and dividing by its vol
17、ume.NOTE 1Further description of concrete of this consistency is given inACI 207.5R4and ACI 211.3R.54.2 Two procedures are provided:4.2.1 Procedure A uses a 22.7 kg 50 lb surcharge massplaced on top of the test specimen. Procedure A shall be usedfor testing concrete of extremely dry consistency or w
18、hen theVebe consistency by Procedure B is 30 s or greater (see Note2).NOTE 2Further description of the test procedure using a 22.7 kg 50lb surcharge can be found in the U.S. Bureau of Reclamations TechnicalMemorandum No. 8.64.2.2 Procedure B uses a 12.5 kg 27.5 lb surcharge massplaced on top of the
19、test specimen. Procedure B shall be usedfor testing concrete of stiff consistency or when the Vebeconsistency by Procedure B is less than 20 s (see Note 3).NOTE 3Further description of the test procedure using a 12.5 kg 27.5lb surcharge can be found in the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers testprocedure
20、 CRD-C-53-01.74.2.3 Either Procedure A or B can be used for testingconcrete with a very stiff consistency or when the Vebeconsistency by Procedure A or B ranges from 20 to 30 s.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended to be used for determiningthe consistency and density of stiff to e
21、xtremely dry concretemixtures common in roller-compacted concrete construction.5.1.1 Because of the stiff to extremely dry consistency ofsome roller-compacted concrete mixtures, the standard Vebetest method of rodding the specimen in a slump cone issubstituted by Procedures A and B.85.2 Procedure A
22、uses a 22.7 kg 50 lb surcharge and is usedfor concrete consolidated by roller-compaction methods whenthe consistency of the concrete is very stiff to extremely dry.5.3 Procedure B uses a 12.5 kg 27.5 lb surcharge and isused for concrete consolidated by roller-compaction methodswhen the consistency o
23、f the concrete is stiff to very stiffconsistency, but not extremely dry.6. Apparatus6.1 Vibrating TableA vibrating table with a steel deckapproximately 20-mm 34-in. thick with dimensions of ap-proximately 380 mm 15 in. in length, 250 mm 10 in. inwidth, and 300 mm 12 in. in height. The vibrating tabl
24、e shallbe constructed in such a manner as to prevent flexing of thetable during operation. The table deck shall be activated by anelectromechanical vibrator. The table shall produce a sinusoi-dal vibratory motion with a frequency of at least 60 6 2Hz3600 6 100 vibrations per min and a double amplitu
25、de ofvibration of 0.43 6 0.08 mm 0.0170 6 0.0030 in. when a 276 2-kg 60.0 6 2.5-lb surcharge is bolted to the center of thetable. The vibrator and table shall have a total mass of at least90 kg 200 lb. The table shall be level and have sufficient massor be secured to prevent displacement of the appa
26、ratus duringperformance of the test.6.2 Cylindrical MoldThe cylindrical mold shall be madeof steel or other hard metal resistant to corrosion by cementpaste and shall have an inside diameter of 240 6 2mm9126116 in., a depth of 200 6 2mm734 6116 in., and a wallthickness of 6 6 2mm14 6116 in. The mold
27、 shall beequipped with permanently affixed slotted metal brackets so itcan be rigidly clamped to the vibrating table. The top rim of themold shall be smooth, plane, and parallel to the bottom of themold and shall be capable of providing an air and watertightseal when a glass or plastic plate is plac
28、ed on the top rim.6.3 Swivel Arm and Guide SleeveA metal guide sleevewith a clamp assembly or other suitable holding devicemounted on a swivel arm (see Fig. 1). The swivel arm andguide sleeve must be capable of holding the metal shaft withthe attached 22.7 kg 50 lb or 12.5 kg 27.5 lb cylindricalmass
29、 in a position perpendicular to the vibrating surface andallowing the shaft to slide freely when the clamp is released.The inside diameter of the guide sleeve shall be 3 6 2mm186116 in. larger than the diameter of the metal shaft of thesurcharge. The swivel arm must be capable of maintaining theguid
30、e sleeve in a locked position directly over the center of thevibrating surface. The swivel arm shall be capable of beingrotated away from the center of the table.6.4 Surcharge AssemblyA cylindrical steel mass with acircular plastic plate attached to its base and a metal shaft atleast 450 mm 18 in. i
31、n length and 16 6 2mm58 6116 in.in diameter attached perpendicularly to the plate and embeddedin the center of the mass. The shaft shall slide through the guidesleeve without binding. The plastic plate shall be approxi-mately 13 mm 12 in. in thickness and shall have a diameter of230 6 3mm9618 in. Th
32、e edge of the plastic plate shall notbe chipped or rounded. The surcharge assembly including theplastic plate and the metal shaft shall have a mass of either of4ACI 207.5R, Report on Roller-Compacted Concrete, 1999. Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI
33、 48333,http:/www.concrete.org.5ACI 211.3R, Guide for Selecting Proportions for No-Slump Concrete, 2002.Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI 48333, http:/www.concrete.org.6Guidelines for Designing and Constructing Roller-Compacted Concrete Dams,ACER Tec
34、hnical Memorandum No. 8, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO,Appendix A, 1987.7Test Method for Consistency of No-Slump Concrete Using the Modified VebeApparatus, CRD-C-53-01, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS, 2001.8ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, 2005. Available from AmericanConcr
35、ete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333, http:/www.concrete.org.C1170/C1170M 1412the following:Procedure A22.7 6 0.5 kg 50 6 1 lb, orProcedure B12.5 6 0.5 kg 27.5 lb 6 1 lb.6.4.1 The cylindrical steel mass shall include a minimum ofsix spacers affixed to the side of the mass.
36、The spacers shall belocated at equal distances around the circumference of the mass(see Fig. 2). The center of each spacer shall be located amaximum distance of 40 mm 158 in. from the bottom of theplastic plate. Each spacer shall project from the side of themass so that, when centered in the cylindr
37、ical mold, eachspacer almost touches the inside of the mold. The distancebetween each spacer and the inside of the mold shall notexceed 0.5 mm 0.02 in. when the mass is centered in themold. The spacers shall not bind so that the centered mass withspacers is allowed to freely move up and down through
38、out theupper half of the mold (see Note 4). The surcharge assemblyincluding the steel mass with spacers, plastic plate, and themetal shaft shall have a mass of 22.7 6 0.5 kg 50 6 1 lb or12.5 6 0.5 kg 27.5 lb 6 1 lb.NOTE 4It is advisable that the spacers be made of material that issofter than the ste
39、el used to make the cylindrical mold to avoid damage tothe mold. Bolts made of nylon or brass may be used for spacers. Thecylindrical steel mass can be drilled and tapped at each spacer location toreceive the bolt. Washers or nuts may be added or the bolt heads milled toadjust the distance between e
40、ach spacer and the inside of the mold.FIG. 1 Vibrating TableConsistency TestC1170/C1170M 14136.5 Balance or ScaleBalance or scale of sufficient capac-ity to determine the total mass of the concrete specimen and themold. The balance or scale shall be readable to the nearest 5 g0.01 lb.6.6 Strike-Off
41、PlateA flat square metal plate at least 6 mm14 in. thick, or a glass or clear plastic plate at least 13 mm 12in. thick, and at least 50 mm 2 in. larger than the diameter ofthe cylindrical mold.6.7 SieveA 50-mm 2-in. sieve conforming to Specifica-tion E11.6.8 Timing DeviceA stopwatch, capable of reco
42、rding timeintervals of at least 60 s to the nearest 1 s.6.9 Small ToolsSquare-ended shovel and hand scoops,wrench, tamping rod, flashlight, and feeler gauges as required.7. Sampling7.1 Specimens of fresh concrete shall be obtained in accor-dance with Practice C172.7.2 Concrete samples shall have a n
43、ominal maximum sizeof aggregate of 50 mm 2 in. or less. If the concrete containsaggregate larger than 50 mm 2 in., samples shall be obtainedby wet sieving over a 50 mm 2 in. sieve in accordance withPractice C172.7.3 Testing of concrete samples shall be completed within45 min after the completion of
44、mixing unless otherwisestipulated.8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Vibrating TableVerify that the vibrating table meetsthe requirements of 6.1. Make adjustments if necessary.8.1.1 Determine the frequency and double amplitude of thevibrating table under simulated test conditions prior to initialuse and
45、 annually thereafter (see Note 5).NOTE 5A vibrating reed tachometer may be used to check thevibration frequency.8.1.2 In addition to the calibration schedule given in 8.1.1,calibrate the vibrating table after any event (including repairs)that might affect its operation, or whenever test results areq
46、uestionable causing vibrating table operation to be suspect.8.2 Surcharge AssemblyAdjust the surcharge assemblyspacers, as necessary, to ensure the spacers do not bind and themaximum allowable distance between the spacers and theinside of the mold is not exceeded when the surchargeassembly is center
47、ed in the cylindrical mold. (See Note 6.)NOTE 6Feeler gauges can be used to measure the distance betweenthe spacers and the inside of the mold. One feeler gauge per spacer isneeded. Bond paper may be used in lieu of feeler gauges. The bondnumber is directly proportional to the paper thickness. Numbe
48、r 10 bondpaper has a thickness of approximately 0.05 mm 0.002 in., number 20bond paper has a thickness of approximately 0.1 mm 0.004 in., etc.8.2.1 Check the edge of the surcharge assembly plasticplate and replace if it is chipped or rounded.8.3 Cylindrical MoldDetermine the volume of the cylin-dric
49、al mold to the nearest 0.03 L 0.001 ft3 in accordance withFIG. 2 Surcharge With Spacers and Plastic Plate Centered in Steel MoldC1170/C1170M 1414Test Method C29/C29M. Verify the volume of the moldmonthly during times of regular use and annually when usedinfrequently. Determine the mass of the cylindrical mold to thenearest 5 g 0.01 lb. For balances with tare capability, tare thebalance with the mold.9. Technical Precautions9.1 When obt
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