1、Designation: C 1170 06Standard Test Method forDetermining Consistency and Density of Roller-CompactedConcrete Using a Vibrating Table1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method is used to determine the consistency ofconcrete using a vibrating table and
3、a surcharge and todetermine the density of the consolidated concrete specimen.This test method is applicable to freshly mixed concrete,prepared in both the laboratory and the field, having a nominalmaximum size aggregate of 2 in. (50 mm) or less. If thenominal maximum size of aggregate is larger tha
4、n 2 in. (50mm), the test method is applicable only when performed on thefraction passing the 2-in. (50-mm) sieve with the largeraggregate being removed in accordance with Practice C 172.1.2 This test method, intended for use in testing roller-compacted concrete, may be applicable to testing other ty
5、pes ofconcrete such as cement-treated aggregate and mixtures similarto soil-cement.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation purposes only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if
6、 any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning Freshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechemical burns to s
7、kin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C 29/C 29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)and Voids in AggregateC 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and ConcreteAggregatesC 172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteD 1557 Test Methods for Labo
8、ratory Compaction Charac-teristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3(2,700 kN-m/m3)E11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for TestingPurposes3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Vebe consistency, nthe time required for a givenmass of concrete to be consolidated by vibration in a c
9、ylindri-cally shaped mold under a surcharge mass.3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test methodrefer to Terminology C 125.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A vibrating table is used to measure the consistency ofstiff to extremely dry concrete mixtures (See Note 1). Densityof the compacted sp
10、ecimen is measured by determining themass of the consolidated specimen and dividing by its volume.NOTE 1Further description of concrete of this consistency is given inACI 207.54and ACI 211.3.54.2 Two procedures are provided:4.2.1 Procedure A uses a 50-lb (22.7-kg) surcharge massplaced on top of the
11、test specimen. Procedure A shall be usedfor testing concrete of stiff to extremely dry consistency orwhen the Vebe consistency by Procedure B is 30 s or greater(See Note 2).NOTE 2Further description of the test procedure using a 50 lb (22.7kg) surcharge can be found in the U. S. Bureau of Reclamatio
12、ns TechnicalMemorandum No. 8.64.2.2 Procedure B uses a 27.5 lb (12.5 kg) surcharge massplaced on top of the test specimen. Procedure B shall be used1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and ConcreteAggregates and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09
13、.45 on Roller-Compacted Concrete.Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published July 2006. Originally approvedin 1991. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as C 1170 91(1998)e1.2Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.023For
14、referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4ACI 207.5 “Report on Roller-Compacted Concrete,”, 1988. Available
15、 fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333,www.concrete.org.5ACI 211.3 “Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for No-Slump Con-crete,”, 1988. Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094,Farmington Hills, MI 48333, www.concrete.org.6“Gu
16、idelines for Designing and Constructing Roller-Compacted ConcreteDams,”ACER Technical Memorandum No. 8, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO,Appendix A, 1987.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh
17、ocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.for testing concrete of stiff plastic to very stiff consistency orwhen the Vebe time by Procedure A is less than 20 s (See Note3).NOTE 3Further description of the test procedure using a 27.5 lb (12.5kg) surcharge can be found in the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers t
18、estprocedure CRD-C-53-01.74.2.3 Procedure A or B can be used for a Vebe consistencybetween 20 and 30 s.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended to be used for determiningthe consistency and density of stiff plastic to extremely dryconcrete mixtures common when using roller-compacted c
19、on-crete construction.5.1.1 Because of the stiff to extremely dry consistency ofsome roller-compacted concrete mixtures, the standard Vebetest method of rodding the specimen in a slump cone issubstituted by Procedures A and B.85.2 ProcedureAuses a 50-lb (22.7-kg) surcharge and is usedfor concrete co
20、nsolidated by roller-compaction methods whenthe consistency of the concrete is stiff to extremely dry.5.3 Procedure B uses a 27.5-lb (12.5-kg) surcharge and isused for concrete consolidated by roller-compaction methodswhen the consistency of the concrete is stiff plastic to very stiffconsistency, bu
21、t not extremely dry.6. Apparatus6.1 Vibrating TableA vibrating table with a steel deckapproximately34-in. (19-mm) thick with dimensions of ap-proximately 15 in. (381 mm) in length, 10 in. (254 mm) inwidth, and 12 in. (305 mm) in height. The vibrating table shallbe constructed in such a manner as to
22、prevent flexing of thetable during operation. The table deck shall be activated by anelectromechanical vibrator. The table shall produce a sinusoi-dal vibratory motion with a frequency of at least 3600 6 100vibrations per min (60 6 1.67 Hz) and a double amplitude ofvibration of 0.0170 6 0.0030 in. (
23、0.43 6 0.08 mm) when a60.0 6 2.5-lb (27.2 6 1.1-kg) surcharge is bolted to the centerof the table. The vibrator and table shall have a total mass of atleast 200 lb (91 kg). The table shall be level and clamped to aconcrete floor or base slab that has sufficient mass to preventdisplacement of the app
24、aratus during performance of the test.6.2 Cylindrical MoldThe cylindrical mold shall be madeof steel or other hard metal resistant to corrosion by cementpaste and shall have an inside diameter of 912 6116 in.(241 6 2 mm), a height of 734 6116 in. (197 6 2 mm), and awall thickness of14 6116 in. (6 6
25、2 mm). The mold shall beequipped with permanently affixed slotted metal brackets so itcan be rigidly clamped to the vibrating table. The top rim of themold shall be smooth, plane, and parallel to the bottom of themold and shall be capable of providing an air and watertightseal when a glass or plasti
26、c plate is placed on the top rim.6.3 Swivel Arm and Guide SleeveA metal guide sleevewith a clamp assembly or other suitable holding devicemounted on a swivel arm (See Fig. 1). The swivel arm andguide sleeve must be capable of holding the metal shaft withthe attached 50-lb (22.7-kg) or 27.5-lb (12.5-
27、kg) cylindricalmass in a position perpendicular to the vibrating surface andallowing the shaft to slide freely when the clamp is released.The inside diameter of the guide sleeve shall be18 6116 in.(3.2 6 1.6 mm) larger than the diameter of the metal shaft ofthe surcharge. The swivel arm must be capa
28、ble of maintainingthe guide sleeve in a locked position directly over the center ofthe vibrating surface. The swivel arm shall be capable of beingrotated away from the center of the table.6.4 SurchargeA cylindrical steel mass with a circularplastic plate attached to its base and a metal shaft at lea
29、st 18 in.(457 mm) in length and58 6116 in. (16 6 1.6 mm) indiameter attached perpendicularly to the plate and embedded inthe center of the mass. The shaft shall slide through the guidesleeve without binding. The plastic plate shall be approxi-mately12 in. (13 mm) in thickness and shall have a diamet
30、er of9 618 in. (229 6 3 mm). The surcharge assembly includingthe plastic plate and the metal shaft shall have a mass of eitherof the following:Procedure A50 6 1 lb (22.7 6 0.5 kg), orProcedure B27.5 lb 6 1 lb (12.5 6 0.5 kg).6.5 Balance or ScaleBalance or scale of sufficient capac-ity to determine t
31、he total mass of the concrete specimen and themold. The balance or scale shall be readable to the nearest 0.01lb (5 g).7“Test Method for Consistency of No-Slump Concrete Using the Modified VebeApparatus,” CRD-C-53-01, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS, 2001.8ACI Manual of Concrete Practic
32、e, Part 1, Materials and General Properties ofConcrete, 2005. Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094,Farmington Hills, MI 48333, www.concrete.org. FIG. 1 Vibrating TableConsistency TestC11700626.6 Strike-Off PlateAflat square metal plate at least14 in.(6 mm) thick, or a glas
33、s or clear plastic plate at least12 in. (13mm) thick, and at least 2 in. (50 mm) larger than the diameterof the cylindrical mold.6.7 SieveA 2-in. (50-mm) sieve conforming to Specifica-tion E11.6.8 Timing DeviceA stopwatch, capable of recording timeintervals of at least 2 min to the nearest 1 s.6.9 S
34、mall ToolsSquare-ended shovel and hand scoops,wrench, tamping rod, and flashlight as required.7. Sampling7.1 Specimens of fresh concrete shall be obtained in accor-dance with Practice C 172.7.2 Concrete samples shall have a nominal maximum sizeof aggregate of 2 in. (50 mm) or less. If the concrete h
35、asaggregate larger than 2 in. (50 mm), samples shall be obtainedby wet sieving over a 2-in. (50-mm) sieve in accordance withPractice C 172.7.3 Testing of concrete samples shall be completed within45 min after the completion of mixing unless otherwisestipulated.8. Calibration and Standardization8.1 V
36、ibrating TableThe table shall produce a sinusoidalvibratory motion with a frequency of at least 3600 6 100vibrations per min (60 6 1.67 Hz) and a double amplitude ofvibration of 0.0170 6 0.0030 in. (0.43 6 0.08 mm) when a60.0 6 2.5-lb (27.2 6 1.1-kg) surcharge is bolted to the centerof the table.8.1
37、.1 Determine the frequency and double amplitude of thevibrating table under simulated test conditions prior to initialuse and annually thereafter (See Note 4).NOTE 4A vibrating reed tachometer should be used to check thevibration frequency.98.2 Cylindrical MoldDetermine the volume of the cylin-drica
38、l mold to the nearest 0.001 ft3(0.028 L) in accordance withTest Method C 29/C 29M. Verify the volume of the moldmonthly during times of regular use and annually when usedinfrequently. If used in density computations (that is, when abalance with tare is unavailable), determine the mass of thecylindri
39、cal mold to the nearest 0.01 lb (5 g). For balances withtare capability, tare the balance with the mold.8.3 In addition to the calibration schedule given in 8.1.1,calibrate the vibrating table after any event (including repairs)that might affect its operation, or whenever test results arequestionabl
40、e.9. Technical Precautions9.1 When obtaining samples, ensure that the samples arerepresentative of the material being sampled.9.2 Concrete with stiff to very dry consistency is highlysusceptible to segregation during handling. To minimize seg-regation, use care in obtaining samples and during transp
41、orting,remixing, and testing of the concrete.10. Procedure10.1 Vebe Consistency Time:10.1.1 Record the tare mass of the mold.10.1.2 Using square-ended shovels and scoops, obtain arepresentative sample with a minimum mass of 50 lb (22.7 kg)in accordance with Practice C 172. Handle concrete in such am
42、anner that coarse aggregate does not separate from themortar.10.1.3 Dampen the interior of the mold and fill with29.5 6 1.5 lb (13.4 6 0.7 kg) of concrete. Using a square-edged scoop and tamping rod, place and distribute the concreteevenly to minimize segregation and rock pockets. Level thesurface o
43、f the loose concrete.10.1.4 Select either the 50 lb (22.7 kg) surcharge (ProcedureA) or the 27.5 lb (12.5 kg) surcharge (Procedure B) (See Note5).NOTE 5The 27.5 lb (12.5 kg) surcharge is suggested for mixturesproportioned with a consistency of 20 s or less; or a paste volume inexcess of the minimum
44、volume of voids in the aggregate as determinedusing Test Method C 29/C 29M; or a total moisture content wet of theoptimum, as determined using soil compaction test procedures in accor-dance with Test Methods D 1557. The 50 lb (22.7 kg) surcharge issuggested for mixtures proportioned with a consisten
45、cy of more than 30 s;or with a paste volume approaching the minimum aggregate voids volumeas determined using Test Method C 29/C 29M; or total moisture approach-ing the optimum moisture content as determined using soil compactiontest procedures in accordance with Test Methods D 1557. Either procedur
46、ecan be used if the consistency is between 20 and 30 s.10.1.5 Secure the mold on the vibrating table by handtightening the wing nuts. Slide the shaft of the surcharge massthrough the guide sleeve, and rotate the surcharge to its lockedposition centered over the mold, ensuring that it will fit inside
47、the mold when released. The surcharge may be lowered intothe mold during this procedure to adjust the position of themold but it shall not be placed on the specimen. Secure thewing nuts of the table with a wrench to prevent looseningduring the test. Gently lower the surcharge onto the surface ofthe
48、specimen.10.1.6 If the surcharge cannot be centered in the moldwithout binding on the inside wall of the mold, place thesurcharge directly onto the specimen in the mold without theuse of the guide sleeve, and manually hold the surcharge shaftperpendicular to the top of the table. The surcharge shaft
49、 mustbe held manually throughout the remainder of the test. Do notapply additional hand pressure to the surcharge when manuallyholding the surcharge.10.1.7 Start the vibrating table and timer. Using the flash-light, observe the concrete in the annular space between theedge of the surcharge and the inside wall of the mold. As thetest progresses, mortar will fill in the annular space between theouter edge of the surcharge and the inside mold wall (See Note6). Observe the mortar until it forms a complete ring around thetotal perimeter of the surchar
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