ASTM C1193-2016 Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants《使用接缝密封剂的标准指南》.pdf

1、Designation: C1193 13C1193 16Standard Guide forUse of Joint Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1193; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indi

2、cates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide describes the use of a cold liquid-applied sealant for joint sealing applications. Including joints on buildings andrelated adjacent areas, such as pl

3、azas, decks, and pavements for vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other thanhighways and airfield pavements and bridges. Information in this guide is primarily applicable to a single and multi-component,cold liquid-applied joint sealant and secondarily to a precured sealant when

4、used with a properly prepared joint opening andsubstrate surfaces.1.2 An elastomeric or non-elastomeric sealant described by this guide should meet the requirements of Specification C834,C920, or C1311.1.3 This guide does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in a structural

5、 sealant glazing application.Guide C1401 should be consulted for this information. Additionally, it also does not provide information or guidelines for the useof a sealant in an insulating glass unit edge seal used in a structural sealant glazing application. Guide C1249 should be consultedfor this

6、information.1.4 Practice C919 should be consulted for information and guidelines for the use of a sealant in an application where an acousticjoint seal is required.1.5 This guide also does not provide information relative to the numerous types of sealant that are available nor specific genericsealan

7、t properties, such as hardness, tack-free time, or curing process, among others.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are provided for informationonly.1.7 The Committee with jurisdiction for this standard is not aware of any comparable

8、standards published by otherorganizations.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulator

9、ylimitations prior to use.1.9 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by otherorganizations.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single- or Multicomponent Joint SealantsC603 Test Met

10、hod for Extrusion Rate and Application Life of Elastomeric SealantsC661 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Elastomeric-Type Sealants by Means of a DurometerC711 Test Method for Low-Temperature Flexibility and Tenacity of One-Part, Elastomeric, Solvent-Release Type SealantsC717 Terminology of Bu

11、ilding Seals and SealantsC719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (Hockman Cycle)C731 Test Method for Extrudability, After Package Aging, of Latex SealantsC732 Test Method for Aging Effects of Artificial Weathering on Latex Sealants1 This standar

12、d is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C24 on Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.10 on Specifications,Guides and Practices.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2013Jan. 1, 2016. Published February 2013January 2016. Originally approved in 1991. Last pr

13、evious edition approved in 20122013 asC119312.13. DOI: 10.1520/C1193-13.10.1520/C1193-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summa

14、ry page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends

15、that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C734 Test Method for

16、 Low-Temperature Flexibility of Latex Sealants After Artificial WeatheringC792 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking, and Chalking of Elastomeric SealantsC793 Test Method for Effects of Laboratory Accelerated Weathering on Elastomeric Joint SealantsC794 Test Method for Adhes

17、ion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint SealantsC834 Specification for Latex SealantsC919 Practice for Use of Sealants in Acoustical ApplicationsC920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint SealantsC1083 Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing MaterialsC1087 Test Method for

18、 Determining Compatibility of Liquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories Used in Structural GlazingSystemsC1135 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Structural SealantsC1184 Specification for Structural Silicone SealantsC1216 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of One-Part Elas

19、tomeric Solvent Release SealantsC1241 Test Method for Volume Shrinkage of Latex Sealants During CureC1247 Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in LiquidsC1248 Test Method for Staining of Porous Substrate by Joint SealantsC1249 Guide for Secondary Seal for Sealed Ins

20、ulating Glass Units for Structural Sealant Glazing ApplicationsC1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Potential of Sealant BackingC1257 Test Method for Accelerated Weathering of Solvent-Release-Type SealantsC1265 Test Method for Determining the Tensile Properties of an Insulating Glass Edg

21、e Seal for Structural GlazingApplicationsC1311 Specification for Solvent Release SealantsC1330 Specification for Cylindrical Sealant Backing for Use with Cold Liquid-Applied SealantsC1369 Specification for Secondary Edge Sealants for Structurally Glazed Insulating Glass UnitsC1382 Test Method for De

22、termining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Sealants When Used in Exterior Insulation and FinishSystems (EIFS) JointsC1401 Guide for Structural Sealant GlazingC1442 Practice for Conducting Tests on Sealants Using Artificial Weathering ApparatusC1472 Guide for Calculating Movement and Other Effects When

23、 Establishing Sealant Joint WidthC1481 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants with Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)C1519 Test Method for Evaluating Durability of Building Construction Sealants by Laboratory Accelerated WeatheringProceduresC1521 Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Wea

24、therproofing Sealant JointsC1681 Test Method for Evaluating the Tear Resistance of a Sealant Under Constant StrainD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTensionD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD2203 Test Met

25、hod for Staining from SealantsD2453 Test Method for Shrinkage and Tenacity of Oil- and Resin-Base Caulking CompoundsE2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology C717 for definitions of the following terms used in this

26、guide: adhesive failure, bicellularsealant backing, blooming, bond-breaker, bridge sealant joint, butt sealant joint, cell, cellular material, chalk, chalking, chemicallycuring sealant, closed cell, closed cell material, closed cell sealant backing, cohesive failure, compatibility, compatible materi

27、als,compound, control joint, creep, cure, cured, dirt pick-up, durability, durability limit, elastomeric, elongation, expansion joint, filletsealant joint, gasket, hydrostatic pressure, isolation joint, fluid migration, joint filler, laitance, latex sealant, modulus, non-sagsealant, open cell, open

28、cell material, open cell outgassing, premature deterioration, primer, reversion, rundown, seal, sealant,sealant backing, self-leveling sealant, service life, shelf-life, shrinkage, silicone sealant, skin, solvent release sealant, structuralsealant, substrate, tooling, tooling time, weathertight, wor

29、king life (pot life).3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 precured sealant, na preformed, factory cured, elastomeric material.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide provides information and guidelines for consideration by the designer or applicator of a joint seal. It explainsthe

30、properties and functions of various materials, such as sealant, sealant backing, and primer, among others; and, procedures suchas, substrate cleaning and priming, and installation of the components of a sealed joint. It presents guidelines for the use andapplication of the various materials, design

31、of a sealant joint for a specific application, and environmental conditions and effectsthat are known to detrimentally affect a sealant joint. The information and guidelines are also useful for those that supplyaccessories to the sealant industry and for those that install sealants and accessory mat

32、erials associated with sealant use.C1193 1624.2 In addition to the design and installation data in this guide, consult the sealant manufacturer about applications for itsproducts and their proper use and installation. Considering the range of properties of commercially available sealants, the variet

33、yof joint designs possible, and the many conditions of use, the information contained herein is general in nature.4.3 It should be realized that a sealant and sealant joint are expected to have a design life during which they remain functional.However, a sealant and sealant joint will also have a se

34、rvice life. The intent is for service life to meet or exceed design life. Thereare many factors that can affect service life including type of sealant polymer, sealant formulation, compatibility with adjacentmaterials, installation techniques or deficiencies, sealant joint design (or lack thereof),

35、proper maintenance (or lack thereof), andenvironmental exposure, among others. The designer of a joint seal should take the above into consideration when designing andspecifying sealants for certain applications.4.4 The design life of a sealant or sealant joint should be considered in conjunction wi

36、th the design life of the structure for whichit is used. For example, a building owner may require a new courthouse building to have an expected design life of 50 years.Therefore, elements of the buildings exterior envelope should, with proper maintenance, be expected to perform for that timeperiod.

37、As a result of the information in 4.3 it should be realized that a sealant or sealant joint may not perform for that time periodwithout proper maintenance. Proper maintenance could include replacement of localized sealant and sealant joint failures andconceivably complete sealant replacement, perhap

38、s more than once, during that 50 year time period depending on a sealantspolymer base and its particular formulation. Sealant replacement needs to be considered and when needed should be easilyaccomplished.4.5 To assist the user of the guide in locating specific information, a detailed listing of gu

39、ide numbered sections and theirdescriptors are included in Appendix X1.5. General Considerations5.1 GeneralProper selection and use of a sealant is fundamental to its ultimate performance, service life, durability, anddurability.sustainability. A sealant joint subjected to movement and other similar

40、 performance factors should be designed for theparticular application to avoid compromising its the sealants performance capability and causing failure of the sealant (See 15).If not designed for the particular application, failure is a distinct probability. Equally importantpossibility. Of equal im

41、portance isthe proper selection and use of other materials and products associated with sealant use. These include substrate cleaner, surfaceconditioner or primer, type of sealant backing material, bond-breaker, and joint filler, among others. The ability of a sealantinstallation to remain weatherti

42、ght is critically dependent on proper preparation, continuity, and durability of the substrates towhich the sealant will adhere, and compatibility of the sealant with the materials it will contact, including the substrates.The properapplication and installation of the various sealant materials and p

43、roducts, following the established joint design criteria, avoidspremature deterioration of the sealant joint. is fundamental to realizing the intended service life of the sealant. For a sealant jointthat is difficult or expensive to access (for example, tall buildings and certain roofs) a sealant sh

44、ould be selected that will haveexcellent environmental weathering characteristics to minimize maintenance. The following sections describe joint designguidelines and the properties and use of a sealant and its associated materials.provides the optimum combination of performancecharacteristics (for e

45、xample, adhesion, movement capability and resistnce to environmental conditions) appropriate for thatapplication.5.2 DurabilityThe durability of a sealant and a sealant joint is related to many factors. For example, environmental exposureto solar radiation, ozone, heat-aging, and atmospheric contami

46、nants can lessen sealant durability. Inadequate constructiontolerances and improper sealant joint design for movement and other effects can contribute to sealant joint failure, which is usuallyexpressed as adhesive or cohesive failure of the sealant. Inadequate installation (for example, where the s

47、ealant profile isinappropriate for movement, where substrates have not been properly cleaned and, if required, primed, and the sealant inadequatelytooled, among others) is a common cause of failure. Conditions of exposure and design (where, for example, a sealant joint isexposed to constant wetting

48、or to pedestrian or other traffic) can lessen sealant and sealant joint durability. The type of sealant, itsprimary polymer backbone, and the particular sealant formulation can also contribute to lessened durability, especially if a sealantis used in an application, or under conditions of use, not a

49、ppropriate for it. Frequently, various combinations of environmentalexposure and conditions of use occur which can result in lessened durability. For example, depending on sealant type, jointmovement combined with heat aging and cold weather exposure or joint movement combined with heat aging and moisture canresult in failure. To enhance durability, it is important that the sealant type is matched to the conditions of use and exposure andthat the sealant joint is of proper design for those conditions of use and exposure. In any event, eventual replacement of a sealantthat