ASTM C1405-2012 Standard Specification for Glazed Brick (Single Fired Brick Units)《釉面砖(单烧、砖砌块)的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: C1405 12Standard Specification forGlazed Brick (Single Fired, Brick Units)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1405; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number

2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers brick, having a ceramic glazefinish fused to the body during the same process as the unitbody firing, that are inte

3、nded for use in masonry and supplyingstructural or facing components, or both, to the structure. Thisspecification does not cover double-fired glazed brick. Somedouble-fired decorative glazes have physical properties whichvary from those of single-fired glazes due to the lowertemperatures used in ap

4、plying the decorative coating.1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply atthe time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brickextracted from masonry structures for determining confor-mance or nonconformance to the property requirements of thisspecification is beyond the sco

5、pe of this specification.1.3 Glazed brick are prismatic units available in a variety ofsizes, textures, colors, and shapes. Glazed brick are manufac-tured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthysubstances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevatedtemperatures (firing). The heat tr

6、eatment shall develop a firedbond between the particulate constituents to provide thestrength and durability requirements of this specification (seeTerminology C1232).1.4 Glazed brick are shaped during manufacture by mold-ing, pressing, or extrusion, and the shaping method is a way todescribe the br

7、ick.1.5 Glazed brick are classified into one of two grades, one oftwo types, one of two classes, and one of three divisions.1.6 Opacity of the glaze is not required unless specified bythe purchaser.1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These

8、notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of this standard.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyan

9、d are not considered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitation

10、s prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick andStructural Clay TileC1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies forMasonryC1232 Terminology of MasonryE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials2.2 NFPA

11、 Standard:NFPA No. 255 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials32.3 UL Standard:UL No. 723 Flammability Studies of Cellular Plastics andOther Building Materials Used for Interior Finishes42.4 ICBO Standard:UBC No. 42-1 Test Method for Fire Hazard Classification ofBuilding Materi

12、al52.5 Federal Standard:Federal Standard Test No. 141 Abrasion Resistance (TaberAbraser)63. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are definedin accordance with Terminology C1232.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 onManufactured Masonry Unitsand i

13、s the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile.Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1405 10. DOI:10.1520/C1405-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM websit

14、e, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.

15、nfpa.org.4Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd., North-brook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.5Available from the International Conference of Building Officials, 5360 SouthWorkman Mill Road, Whittier, CA 90601.6Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documen

16、ts,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Classification4.1 GradesGrad

17、es classify glazed brick according to theirpermissible variation in face dimension as follows. Whengrade is not specified, the requirements for Grade S govern.4.1.1 Grade S (Standard), units for use where standarddimensional tolerances are desired.4.1.2 Grade SS (Select Sized), units for use where a

18、 higherdegree of precision and lower permissible variation in size aredesired.4.2 TypesTwo types of glazed brick are covered. Whentype is not specified, the requirements for Type I govern.4.2.1 Type I (Single-Faced Units), for general use whereonly one face is finished.4.2.2 Type II (Two-Faced Units

19、), for use where two oppositefaces are finished.4.3 ClassesTwo classes of glazed brick are covered.When class is not specified, the requirements for Class Exteriorgovern.4.3.1 Class Exterior, for exterior applications.4.3.2 Class Interior, for interior applications.4.4 DivisionsThree divisions of gl

20、azed brick are covered.Divisions identify the amount and placement of hollow spaces(cores, cells and deep frogs) in the cross section of the unit. Inthe Division nomenclature, H shall be understood to meanhollow, and V shall be understood to mean void.4.4.1 Division SolidBrick with void area less th

21、an orequal to 25 % of its gross cross sectional area, measured in anyplane parallel to the surface containing the cores, cells, or deepfrogs.4.4.2 Division H40VBrick with void area greater than25 % but less than or equal to 40 % of its gross cross sectionalarea, measured in any plane parallel to the

22、 surface containingthe cores, cells, or deep frogs.4.4.3 Division H60VBrick with void area greater than40 % but less than or equal to 60 % of its gross cross sectionalarea, measured in any plane parallel to the surface containingthe cores, cells, or deep frogs. The shell thicknesses shallcomply with

23、 the requirements in Table 1. See Fig. 1.5. Physical Properties5.1 DurabilityGlazed brick shall conform to the physicalproperties requirements for the class specified as prescribed inTable 2 or in 5.1.1 or 5.1.2. For the compressive strengthrequirements, test the unit with the compressive force perp

24、en-dicular to the bed surface of the unit, with the unit in thestretcher position.NOTE 1The physical property requirements for durability are basedupon correlation of these physical properties and freeze-thaw testing ofunits in standard production. They indicate durability. Conformance withthese pro

25、perty requirements provides a reasonable level of confidence asto durability in lieu of freeze-thaw testing.5.1.1 Strength and Absorption Requirements AlternateThe saturation coefficient requirement for Class Exterior doesnot apply, provided the average compressive strength of arandom sample of five

26、 brick equals or exceeds 8000 psi (55.2MPa) with no individual strength less than 7500 psi (51.8MPa).Additionally, the 24-h cold water absorption of each unitshall not exceed 6.0 %.5.1.2 Freezing and Thawing AlternativeThe requirementsfor cold water absorption (5.1.1) and absorption and saturationco

27、efficient (Table 2) for Class Exterior do not apply, provideda sample of five brick, meeting the strength requirements ofTable 2, passes the freezing and thawing test as described in theRating Section of the Freezing and Thawing test procedures ofTest Methods C67.TABLE 1 Division H60VHollow Glazed B

28、rick Minimum Thickness of Face Shells and Webs, in. (mm)Nominal Width of Unit Face Shell Type End ShellsSolid Cored or Double Shell3 and 4 (76 and 102)34 (19.0) .34 (19.0)6 (152) 1 (25.4) 112 (38.1) 1 (25.4)8 (203) 114 (31.8) 112 (38.1) 1 (25.4)10 (254) 138 (34.9) 158 (41.3) 118 (28.6)12 (305) 112 (

29、38.1) 2 (50.8) 118 (28.6)FIG. 1 Types of Hollow Glazed Brick UnitsC1405 122NOTE 2The 50 cycle freezing and thawing test is used as analternative only when units do not conform to either Table 2 requirementsfor maximum water absorption and saturation coefficient, or to therequirements of the Strength

30、 and Absorption Alternate in 5.1.1.5.1.2.1 Class Exterior: Breakage and Weight LossRequirementNo individual unit separates or disintegratesresulting in a weight loss greater than 0.5 % of its original dryweight.5.1.2.2 Class Exterior: Cracking RequirementNo indi-vidual unit develops a crack that exc

31、eeds, in length, the unitsleast dimension.5.2 StrengthWhen glazed brick are required havingstrengths greater than prescribed by this specification, thepurchaser shall specify the desired average compressivestrength and the individual minimum compressive strength.5.3 Initial Rate of Absorption (IRA)D

32、etermine results forIRA in accordance with Test Methods C67 and furnish resultsat the request of the specifier or purchaser.NOTE 3Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction)IRA is not a qualifyingcondition or property of units in this specification. This property ismeasured in order to assist in mortar sel

33、ection and material handling in theconstruction process.6. Efflorescence6.1 When the brick are tested in accordance with TestMethods C67, the rating for efflorescence shall be: “noteffloresced.”7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations7.1 The dimensions of brick shall be as specified by thepurchaser.

34、 In a sample of ten brick selected to represent theextreme range of sizes of brick to be supplied, no brick shalldepart from the specified dimensions by more than the indi-vidual tolerance for the grade specified as prescribed in Table3, Column A. The average size of ten brick sample shall bedetermi

35、ned, and no brick in the job lot (delivered brick) shallvary from this average size by more than the individualtolerance for the grade specified as prescribed in Table 3,Column B. No individual brick in the job lot shall fall outsideof the dimensional tolerances of Table 3.7.2 WarpageTolerances for

36、warpage of surfaces or edgesintended to be exposed in use of individual brick from a planesurface and from a straight line, respectively, shall not exceedthe maximum for the grade specified as prescribed in Table 4.7.3 Out-of-SquareThe maximum permitted dimension forout-of-square of the exposed face

37、 of the brick is332 in. (2.4mm).NOTE 4Linear dimensions and flat surfaces of specially shaped brickshall meet the requirements for size and warpage, respectively, of thespecified grade. Tolerances for size and warpage of nonlinear dimensionsand surfaces, and out-of-square shall be determined by agre

38、ement with themanufacturer.8. Finish and Appearance8.1 The body of the units shall be free of defects, deficien-cies, and other imperfections that would interfere with theproper setting of the brick or significantly impair the strengthor performance of the construction.8.2 The color, color range, an

39、d texture shall be specified bythe purchaser. The stretcher face of the brick and the exposedface(s) of shapes shall have the same general texture, colorrange, and glaze as the approved sample. The texture of theglazed surfaces shall conform to an approved sample of notless than four stretcher brick

40、, each representing the texturedesired. The color range shall be indicated by the approvedsample.8.2.1 Where brick are required having faces glazed otherthan those identified by type (Section 4), the purchaser shallspecify faces to be glazed and the quantity of brick needed.TABLE 2 Physical Requirem

41、entsDesignationMinimum Compressive Strength,psi (MPa), Gross AreaMaximumWaterAbsorption by24-h Cold, 7Maximum Saturation CoefficientAAverage of 5BrickIndividual Individual Average of 5BrickIndividualClass Exterior 6000 (41.4) 5000 (34.8) 7.0 0.78 0.80Class Interior 3000 (20.7) 2500 (17.2)AThe satura

42、tion coefficient is the ratio of absorption by 24 h submersion in cold water to that after 5 h submersion in boiling water.TABLE 3 Tolerances on DimensionsSpecified Dimension orAverage Brick Size in JobLot Sample, in. (mm)Maximum Permissible Variation in Dimensions, in. (mm)plus or minus from:Column

43、 A(for Specified Dimension)Column B(for Average Brick Size in Job Lot Sample)AGrade S Grade SS Grade S Grade SS3 (76) and under116 (1.6)116 (1.6)116 (1.6)116 (1.6)Over 3-4 (76-102), incl332 (2.4)116 (1.6)116 (1.6)116 (1.6)Over 4-6 (102-152), incl18 (3.2)116 (1.6)332 (2.4)116 (1.6)Over 6-8 (152-203),

44、 incl532 (4.0)116 (1.6)332 (2.4)116 (1.6)Over 8-12 (203-305), incl732 (5.6)116 (1.6)18 (3.2)116 (1.6)Over 12-16 (305-406), incl932 (7.1)116 (1.6)316 (4.8)116 (1.6)ALot size shall be determined by agreement between purchaser and seller. If not specified, lot size shall be understood to include all br

45、ick of one size and color in thejob order.C1405 123NOTE 5Special brick shapes may be desired by the purchaser that donot meet all of the requirements of this specification (see 8.2.1). Consultthe manufacturer for the availability of specialty units suitable for theintended purposes.8.3 The face(s) t

46、o be glazed shall be covered with a ceramicglaze of uniform quality. The glaze shall be free of chips,crazes, blisters, crawling, or other imperfections detractingfrom the appearance of the designated sample when viewedfrom a distance, at right angles to the sample, of 15 ft (4.57 m)for Class Exteri

47、or units and 5 ft (1.52 m) for Class Interiorunits.8.4 Overspray of glazes onto adjacent faces of the unitsshall be regulated by the manufacturer. Residue resulting fromthe glazing operation shall not interfere with the proper settingof the units or significantly impair the strength or performanceof

48、 the construction.NOTE 6Consult the manufacturer for the extent of overspray commonin production. Should other limits on allowable overspray be desired, themanufacturer shall be consulted for availability.8.5 The number of glazed brick in a delivery that are brokenor otherwise fail to meet the requi

49、rements for chippage andtolerances shall not exceed 5 %.8.6 After brick are handled by the purchaser, the manufac-turer or the manufacturers agent shall not be held responsiblefor compliance of brick with the requirements of this specifi-cation for chippage and tolerances.8.7 Properties of Glaze:8.7.1 ImperviousnessWhen tested for imperviousness,11.1.1, no stain that can be seen from a distance of 5 ft (1.5 m)shall remain on or beneath the surface, except a slightdiscoloration in the depressions on matt,