1、Designation: C1405 15C1405 16Standard Specification forGlazed Brick (Single Fired, Brick Units)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1405; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers brick, having a ceramic glaze finish fused to the body during the same process as the unit bodyfiring, that
3、 are intended for use in masonry and supplying structural or facing components, or both, to the structure. Thisspecification does not cover double-fired glazed brick. Some double-fired decorative glazes have physical properties, which varyfrom those of single-fired glazes due to the lower temperatur
4、es used in applying the decorative coating.1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brickextracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements of thisspecification is b
5、eyond the scope of this specification.1.3 Glazed brick are prismatic units available in a variety of sizes, textures, colors, and shapes. Glazed brick are manufacturedfrom clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing
6、).The heat treatment shall develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durabilityrequirements of this specification (see Terminology C1232).1.4 Glazed brick are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion, and the shaping method is a way to
7、describethe brick.1.5 Glazed brick are classified into one of two grades, one of two types, one of two classes, and one of three divisions.1.6 Opacity of the glaze is not required unless specified by the purchaser.1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory
8、material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for
9、information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of reg
10、ulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay TileC1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies for MasonryC1232 Terminology of MasonryE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Buildi
11、ng MaterialsE2105 Practice for General Techniques of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) Coupled With Infrared Analysis (TGA/IR)2.2 NFPA Standard:NFPA No. 255 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials31 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactu
12、red Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brickand Structural Clay Tile.Current edition approved March 1, 2015June 1, 2016. Published March 2015July 2016. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20142015 asC1405 14.C1405 15. DOI: 10.1520/C140
13、5-15.10.1520/C1405-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from National Fire Protecti
14、on Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to
15、adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright A
16、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.3 UL Standard:UL No. 723 Flammability Studies of Cellular Plastics and Other Building Materials Used for Interior Finishes42.4 ICBO Standard:UBC No. 42-1 Test Method for Fire Hazard Classificatio
17、n of Building Material53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are defined in accordance with Terminology C1232.4. Classification4.1 GradesGrades classify glazed brick according to their permissible variation in face dimension as follows. When grade isnot specified, the require
18、ments for Grade S govern.4.1.1 Grade S (Standard), units for use where standard dimensional tolerances are desired.4.1.2 Grade SS (Select Sized), units for use where a higher degree of precision and lower permissible variation in size aredesired.4.2 TypesTwo types of glazed brick are covered. When t
19、ype is not specified, the requirements for Type I govern.4.2.1 Type I (Single-Faced Units), for general use where only one face is finished.4.2.2 Type II (Two-Faced Units), for use where two opposite faces are finished.4.3 ClassesTwo classes of glazed brick are covered. When class is not specified,
20、the requirements for Class Exterior govern.4.3.1 Class Exterior, for exterior applications.4.3.2 Class Interior, for interior applications.4.4 DivisionsThree divisions of glazed brick are covered. Divisions identify the amount and placement of hollow spaces(cores, cells and deep frogs) in the cross
21、section of the unit. In the Division nomenclature, H shall be understood to mean hollow,and V shall be understood to mean void.4.4.1 Division SolidBrick with void area less than or equal to 25 % of its gross cross sectional area, measured in any planeparallel to the surface containing the cores, cel
22、ls, or deep frogs.4.4.2 Division H40VBrick with void area greater than 25 % but less than or equal to 40 % of its gross cross sectional area,measured in any plane parallel to the surface containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs.4.4.3 Division H60VBrick with void area greater than 40 % but less tha
23、n or equal to 60 % of its gross cross sectional area,measured in any plane parallel to the surface containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs. The shell thicknesses shall comply withthe requirements in Table 1. See Fig. 1.5. Physical Properties5.1 DurabilityGlazed brick shall conform to the physical
24、 properties requirements for the class specified as prescribed in Table2 or in 5.1.1 or 5.1.2. For the compressive strength requirements, test the unit with the compressive force perpendicular to the bedsurface of the unit, with the unit in the stretcher position.NOTE 1The physical property requirem
25、ents for durability are based upon correlation of these physical properties and freeze-thaw testing of units instandard production. They indicate durability. Conformance with these property requirements provides a reasonable level of confidence as to durabilityin lieu of freeze-thaw testing.5.1.1 St
26、rength and Absorption Requirements AlternateThe saturation coefficient requirement for Class Exterior does notapply, provided the average compressive strength of a random sample of five brick equals or exceeds 8000 psi (55.2 MPa) withno individual strength less than 7500 psi (51.8 MPa). Additionally
27、, the 24-h cold water absorption of each unit shall not exceed6.0 %.5.1.2 Freezing and Thawing AlternativeThe requirements for cold water absorption (5.1.1) and absorption and saturationcoefficient (Table 2) for Class Exterior do not apply, provided a sample of five brick, meeting the strength requi
28、rements of Table2, passes the freezing and thawing test as described in the Rating Section of the Freezing and Thawing test procedures of TestMethods C67.4 Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.TABLE 1 Division H60VHollow Glazed Brick Min
29、imum Thickness of Face Shells and Webs, in. (mm)Nominal Width of Unit Face Shell Type End ShellsSolid Cored or Double Shell3 and 4 (76 and 102) 34 (19.0) . 34 (19.0)6 (152) 1 (25.4) 1 12 (38.1) 1 (25.4)8 (203) 1 14 (31.8) 1 12 (38.1) 1 (25.4)10 (254) 1 38 (34.9) 1 58 (41.3) 1 18 (28.6)12 (305) 1 12
30、(38.1) 2 (50.8) 1 18 (28.6)C1405 162NOTE 2The 50 cycle freezing and thawing test is used as an alternative only when units do not conform to either Table 2 requirements for maximumwater absorption and saturation coefficient, or to the requirements of the Strength and Absorption Alternate in 5.1.1.5.
31、1.2.1 Class Exterior: Breakage and Weight Loss RequirementNo individual unit separates or disintegrates resulting in aweight loss greater than 0.5 % of its original dry weight.5.1.2.2 Class Exterior: Cracking RequirementNo individual unit develops a crack that exceeds, in length, the units leastdime
32、nsion.5.2 StrengthWhen glazed brick are required having strengths greater than prescribed by this specification, the purchaser shallspecify the desired average compressive strength and the individual minimum compressive strength.5.3 Initial Rate of Absorption (IRA)Determine results for IRAin accorda
33、nce with Test Methods C67 and furnish results at therequest of the specifier or purchaser.NOTE 3Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction)IRA is not a qualifying condition or property of units in this specification. This property is measuredin order to assist in mortar selection and material handling in t
34、he construction process.6. Efflorescence6.1 When the brick are tested in accordance with Test Methods C67, the rating for efflorescence shall be: “not effloresced.”7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations7.1 The dimensions of brick shall be as specified by the purchaser. In a sample of ten brick sel
35、ected to represent the extremerange of sizes of brick to be supplied, no brick shall depart from the specified dimensions by more than the individual tolerancefor the grade specified as prescribed in Table 3, ColumnA. The average size of ten brick sample shall be determined, and no brickin the job l
36、ot (delivered brick) shall vary from this average size by more than the individual tolerance for the grade specified asprescribed in Table 3, Column B. No individual brick in the job lot shall fall outside of the dimensional tolerances of Table 3.7.2 WarpageTolerances for warpage of surfaces or edge
37、s intended to be exposed in use of individual brick from a planesurface and from a straight line, respectively, shall not exceed the maximum for the grade specified as prescribed in Table 4.7.3 Out-of-SquareThe maximum permitted dimension for out-of-square of the exposed face of the brick is 332 in.
38、 (2.4 mm).FIG. 1 Types of Hollow Glazed Brick UnitsC1405 163NOTE 4Linear dimensions and flat surfaces of specially shaped brick shall meet the requirements for size and warpage, respectively, of the specifiedgrade. Tolerances for size and warpage of nonlinear dimensions and surfaces, and out-of-squa
39、re shall be determined by agreement with the manufacturer.8. Finish and Appearance8.1 The body of the units shall be free of defects, deficiencies, and other imperfections that would interfere with the propersetting of the brick or significantly impair the strength or performance of the construction
40、.8.2 The color, color range, and texture shall be specified by the purchaser. The stretcher face of the brick and the exposed face(s)of shapes shall have the same general texture, color range, and glaze as the approved sample. The texture of the glazed surfacesshall conform to an approved sample of
41、not less than four stretcher brick, each representing the texture desired. The color rangeshall be indicated by the approved sample.8.2.1 Where brick are required having faces glazed other than those identified by type (Section 4), the purchaser shall specifyfaces to be glazed and the quantity of br
42、ick needed.NOTE 5Special brick shapes may be desired by the purchaser that do not meet all of the requirements of this specification (see 8.2.1). Consult themanufacturer for the availability of specialty units suitable for the intended purposes.8.3 The face(s) to be glazed shall be covered with a ce
43、ramic glaze of uniform quality. The glaze shall be free of chips, crazes,blisters, crawling, or other imperfections detracting from the appearance of the designated sample when viewed under diffusedlighting from a distance, at right angles to the sample, of 15 ft (4.57 m) for Class Exterior units an
44、d 5 ft (1.52 m) for Class Interiorunits.8.4 Overspray of glazes onto adjacent faces of the units shall be regulated by the manufacturer. Residue resulting from theglazing operation shall not interfere with the proper setting of the units or significantly impair the strength or performance of thecons
45、truction.NOTE 6Consult the manufacturer for the extent of overspray common in production. Should other limits on allowable overspray be desired, themanufacturer shall be consulted for availability.8.5 The number of glazed brick in a delivery that are broken or otherwise fail to meet the requirements
46、 for chippage andtolerances shall not exceed 5 %.TABLE 2 Physical RequirementsDesignationMinimum Compressive Strength,psi (MPa), Gross AreaMaximumWaterAbsorption by24-h Cold, 7Maximum Saturation CoefficientAAverage of 5BrickIndividual Individual Average of 5BrickIndividualClass Exterior 6000 (41.4)
47、5000 (34.8) 7.0 0.78 0.80Class Interior 3000 (20.7) 2500 (17.2)A The saturation coefficient is the ratio of absorption by 24 h submersion in cold water to that after 5 h submersion in boiling water.TABLE 3 Tolerances on DimensionsSpecified Dimension orAverage Brick Size in JobLot Sample, in. (mm)Max
48、imum Permissible Variation in Dimensions, in. (mm)plus or minus from:Column A(for Specified Dimension)Column B(for Average Brick Size in Job Lot Sample)AGrade S Grade SS Grade S Grade SS3 (76) and under 116 (1.6) 116 (1.6) 116 (1.6) 116 (1.6)Over 3-4 (76-102), incl 332 (2.4) 116 (1.6) 116 (1.6) 116
49、(1.6)Over 4-6 (102-152), incl 18 (3.2) 116 (1.6) 332 (2.4) 116 (1.6)Over 6-8 (152-203), incl 532 (4.0) 116 (1.6) 332 (2.4) 116 (1.6)Over 8-12 (203-305), incl 732 (5.6) 116 (1.6) 18 (3.2) 116 (1.6)Over 12-16 (305-406), incl 932 (7.1) 116 (1.6) 316 (4.8) 116 (1.6)A Lot size shall be determined by agreement between purchaser and seller. If not specified, lot size shall be understood to include all brick of one size and color in thejob order.TABLE 4 Tolerances on WarpageMaximum Dimension,in. (mm)Maximum Perm
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