1、Designation: C 1478 07Standard Specification forStorm Drain Resilient Connectors Between ReinforcedConcrete Storm Sewer Structures, Pipes, and Laterals1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1478; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimum performance andmaterial requirements f
3、or resilient connectors used for connec-tions between precast reinforced concrete storm sewer struc-tures conforming to Specification C 478 and pipes, and be-tween precast reinforced concrete pipe and laterals for stormdrainage systems.1.1.1 These connectors are designed to prevent soil migra-tion b
4、etween the pipe and storm sewer structure, and betweenthe pipe and lateral.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-tion only.NOTE 1This specification covers the design, material, and perfor-mance of the resilient connec
5、tion only. Connections covered by thisspecification are adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 6 psi (14 ft)without leakage when tested in accordance with Section 7. Infiltrationquantities for an installed system are dependent upon many factors otherthan the connections between storm sewer structu
6、res and pipe, andallowable quantities must be covered by other specifications and suitabletesting of the installed pipeline and system.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of th
7、e safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 7.2.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1
8、ASTM Standards:2A 493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rodsfor Cold Heading and Cold ForgingA 666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austen-itic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarC 478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Man-hole SectionsC 822 Terminolo
9、gy Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC 913 Specification for Precast Concrete Water and Waste-water StructuresD 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of Liq
10、uidsD 543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD 573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD 624 Test Method for Tear Strength of ConventionalVulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD 746 Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plasticsand Elasto
11、mers by ImpactD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1171 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurfaceOzone Cracking Outdoors or Chamber (Triangular Speci-mens)D 1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessNOTE 2For more information about wastewater stru
12、ctures, see Speci-fication C 913.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms relating to plastics and rubber shall be asdefined in Terminologies D 883 and D 1566, respectively.3.1.2 Terms relating to precast concrete pipe, manholes, andrelated products shall be as defined in Terminology C 822.3.2 Defi
13、nitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholesand Specials.Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published March 2007. Originallyapproved in 2000. Las
14、t previous edition approved in 2006 as C 1478 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright A
15、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.1 connectorthe entire assembly, including resilientseals and metallic or nonmetallic mechanical devices, if any,used therein.3.2.2 lateralthe small diameter pipe connected to themain line pipe.
16、3.2.3 pipethe inlet or outlet pipe connected to the man-hole.3.2.4 pipe stuba short section of pipe installed in thestructure as an inlet or outlet pipe, for future connection.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 All materials shall conform to the following require-ments:4.1.1 Resilient materials for con
17、nectors and filler rings shallbe manufactured from natural or synthetic rubber and shallconform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. If a spliceis used in the manufacture of the seal, its strength shall be suchthat the seal shall withstand a 180 bend with no visibleseparation.4.2 Mechanical De
18、vicesExpansion rings, tension bands,and take-up devices used for mechanically compressing theresilient portion of the connector against the pipe or stormsewer structure shall be made from a material or materials incombination that will ensure durability, strength, resistance tocorrosion, and have pr
19、operties that will ensure continuedresistance to leakage. All metallic mechanical devices, includ-ing castings and bolt assemblies used to mechanically deformresilient materials, shall be constructed of corrosion resistantmaterials meeting the physical properties and chemical com-position requiremen
20、ts of Specification A 493 and A 666, Type302 through Type 316.NOTE 3Experience has shown that successful performance of thisproduct depends on the type of bedding and backfill and the care in thefield installation of the manhole storm sewer structure and connectingpipes. The owner is cautioned to re
21、quire inspection at the construction site.5. Principles of Design5.1 The design of the connector shall be such that positiveseal is accomplished at two locations: (1) between the connec-tor and the storm sewer structure wall and (2) between theconnector and the pipe. The seal between the connector a
22、nd thestorm sewer structure wall may be made by either mechanicalmeans, compression of the resilient material between theoutside surface of the pipe and the pipe opening in the stormsewer structure wall, or by casting the connector integrallywith the storm sewer structure wall. The seal between thec
23、onnector and the pipe may be made by mechanical means orby compression of the resilient material against the outside ofthe pipe. Resilient filler rings may be used between the pipeand the connector to provide a seal. Whichever design is used,it shall be capable of maintaining a resilient, hydrostati
24、c sealunder the performance conditions in accordance with Section7. Devices used to effect mechanical seals shall conform to therequirements specified in Section 4.5.2 For lateral to pipe connectors, the design of the connec-tor shall be such that a positive seal is accomplished at twolocations: (1)
25、 between the connector and the pipe wall and (2)between the connector and the lateral. The seal between theconnector and the pipe wall may be made by either mechanicalmeans, compression, or by casting the connector integrallywith the pipe wall. The seal between the connector and thelateral may be ma
26、de by either mechanical means or bycompression of the resilient material against the outside of thepipe. Resilient filler rings may be used between the lateral andthe connector to provide a seal. Connector design must notallow either lateral or connector to extend past the cylindricalplane of the pi
27、pe inside diameter. The connector shall becapable of maintaining a resilient hydrostatic seal under theperformance conditions in accordance with Section 7. Devicesused to effect mechanical seals shall conform to the require-ments specified in Section 4.5.3 Pipe StubsOwners shall require that all pip
28、e stubsinstalled to allow for future connections to storm sewerstructures be mechanically restrained from movement bymeans other than, and in addition to, the resilient connectors.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 For diameter 36 in. and smaller, at least one connectorshall be tested for each 6 in. incremen
29、t in diameter. Fordiameters larger than 36 in., at least one connector shall betested for each 12 in. increment in diameter.6.2 The acceptability of the resilient connector shall bedetermined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in thisspecification, if and where required, and by inspecti
30、on, toTABLE 1 Resilient Material TestsTest Test RequirementsAASTM Test MethodChemical resistance: D 543, at 22C for 48 h1 N sulfuric acid no weight loss1 N hydrochloric acid no weight lossTensile strength 1200 psi, min D 412Elongation at break 350 %, minHardnessB6 5 from the connector manufacturers
31、specified hardness D 2240 (Shore A Durometer)Accelerated oven-aging decrease of 15 %, max, of original tensile strengthdecrease of 20 %, max, of elongationD 573,706 1C for 7 daysCompression set decrease of 25 %, max, of original deflection D 395, Method B, at 70C for 22 hWater absorption increase of
32、 10 %, max, of original by weight D 471, immerse 0.75 by 2-in. specimen in distilledwater at 70C for 48 hOzone resistance rating 0 D 1171Low-temperature brittle point no fracture at 40C D 746Tear resistance 200 lbf/in. D 624, Die BASpecimens shall be prepared from connector specimens and shall not b
33、e prepared from laboratory slabs or by direct molding.BThe connector manufacturer shall select the hardness appropriate for each component of the connector. Thereafter, the hardness shall comply within the tolerancesin Table 1.C1478072determine whether the connector conforms to the specificationwith
34、 regards to design and freedom from defects.6.3 When requested, a current certification shall be fur-nished as the basis of acceptance. The certification shall consistof the connector manufacturers test report, or statement by themanufacturer, accompanied by a copy of the test results, thatthe resil
35、ient connector has been tested and inspected inaccordance with the provisions of Section 4 and Section 7.Each certification so furnished shall be signed by the connectormanufacturer or an authorized agent.NOTE 4Certification shall be deemed current if it represents presentdesign and bears a date tha
36、t is no more than five years older than thecurrent date.7. Test Methods and Requirements7.1 Install a pipe and the resilient connector to be tested inthe manhole base 48 in. inside diameter or smaller. Subject theassembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 6 psi (14 ft) at thecenterline of the connector f
37、or a period of 10 min. Restrain thepipe against axial movement during the tests.7.1.1 Install a lateral and resilient connector to be tested intothe pipe. Subject the assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 6 psi(14 ft) at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10 min.Restrain the lateral aga
38、inst axial movement during the tests.7.2 There shall be no leakage under any of the followingconditions, when subjected to an hydrostatic pressure of 6 psi(14 ft) for 10 min:7.2.1 Straight alignment of the pipe/lateral.7.2.2 Axial deflection of the pipe/lateral of at least 7 in anydirection.7.2.3 Wh
39、en the pipe is loaded in shear in accordance withthe requirements shown in Fig. 1.7.2.4 When the lateral is loaded in shear in accordance withthe loading requirements of Fig. 1 and does not exceed 1 in. ofaxial movement at the connector. (Note: Pressure is notprohibited from being relieved while def
40、lecting or loading testsection.)7.3 Leakage shall be construed to mean freely drippingwater emanating at the interface between the connector andeither the manhole base, the pipe, or the lateral; between theconnector and the filler rings; or through the body of theconnector and the filler rings; or t
41、hrough the body of theconnector itself.7.4 Moisture appearing at random locations on the base ofthe outlet in the form of patches or beads adhering to thesurfaces shall not be considered leakage.7.5 A delay of up to 24 h can be allowed prior to makingobservations of leakage.8. Product Marking8.1 Eac
42、h connector shall be marked legibly by the connectormanufacturer with the trade name and the size designation orpart number.9. Keywords9.1 design test method; marking; material requirementsacceptance criteria; product marking; resilient connectorASTM International takes no position respecting the va
43、lidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is su
44、bject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headqu
45、arters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This stand
46、ard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 1 Shear Test RequirementsC1478073
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