ASTM C1503-2008 Standard Specification for Silvered Flat Glass Mirror《镀银平镜的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: C 1503 08Standard Specification forSilvered Flat Glass Mirror1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1503; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthes

2、es indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for silveredflat glass mirrors of rectangular shape supplied as cut sizes,stock sheets or as lehr ends and to w

3、hich no further processing(such as edgework or other fabrication) has been done.1.2 This specification covers the quality requirements ofsilvered annealed monolithic clear and tinted flat glass mirrorsup to 6 mm (14 in.) thick. The mirrors are intended to be usedindoors for mirror glazing, for compo

4、nents of decorativeaccessories or for similar uses.1.3 This specification does not address safety glazing ma-terials nor requirements for mirror applications. Consult modelbuilding codes and other applicable standards for safetyglazing applications.1.4 Mirrors covered in this specification are not i

5、ntended foruse in environments where high humidity or airborne corrosionpromoters, or both, are consistently present (such as swimmingpool areas, ocean-going vessels, chemical laboratories andother corrosive environments).1.5 The dimensional values stated in metric units are to beregarded as the sta

6、ndard. The inch-pound units given inparentheses are for information only.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion Section 7 of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the res

7、ponsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory require-ments prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Reference to these documents shall be the latest issueunless otherwise specified by the authority applying t

8、hisspecification:2.2 ASTM Standards:B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusC 162 Terminology of Glass and Glass ProductsC 1036 Specification for Flat GlassE 903 Test Method for Solar Absorptance, Reflectance, andTransmittance of Materials Using Integrating Spheres23. Terminology3.1 De

9、finitionsRefer to Terminology C 162 and the stan-dards referenced in 2.2 as appropriate.3.1.1 associated distortion, nalteration of viewed imagescause by variations in glass flatness in inhomogeneous portionswithin the glass.3.1.2 blemishesimperfections in the body, on the surfaceor in the silver co

10、ating of the mirror; for the purpose of thisspecification blemishes are divided into 3 categories:3.1.2.1 linear blemishesscratches, rubs, digs, and othersimilar imperfections on either surface of the glass substrate.3.1.2.2 point blemishescrush, knots, dirt, stones, gaseousinclusions (seeds and bub

11、bles), tin particles, and other similarimperfections in the body of the glass substrate.3.1.2.3 silver film blemishesvisible clouding, spot silverfaults and other similar imperfections of the silver coating.3.1.3 chipan imperfection on the edge of a mirror lite dueto breakage of a small fragment out

12、 of an otherwise regularsurface.3.1.3.1 shell chipa circular indentation in the mirror edgedue to breakage of a small fragment.3.1.3.2 v-chipa V-shaped chip indentation in the mirroredge due to breakage of a small fragment.3.1.3.3 chip widththe perpendicular distance from theedge of the mirror to th

13、e inner edge of the chip.3.1.3.4 chip lengththe distance, parallel to the edge of themirror, from one edge of a chip to the other.3.1.3.5 chip depththe measured distance of a chip fromthe face of the mirror into the thickness.3.1.4 clean cut edgenatural cut edge of mirror withoutfurther fabrication.

14、3.1.5 clustera group of not less than 3 point blemishesseparated by not more than 50 mm (2 in.).3.1.6 crusha lightly pitted area in the glass surfaceresulting in a dull gray or white appearance over the region.3.1.7 digdeep, short scratch in the glass surface.3.1.8 dirta small particle of foreign ma

15、terial imbedded inthe glass surface.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glassand Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.08 on FlatGlass.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last prev

16、ious edition approved in 2001 as C 150301.2Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.9 edge corrosionchange in the color or level

17、 ofreflectance along the mirror edge as a result of degradation ofthe silver coating from external sources.3.1.10 edgeworkfabrication of the mirror edge beyond theoriginal clean-cut condition.3.1.11 flarea protrusion on the edge of a lite of mirror.3.1.12 gaseous inclusion(also known as seed or bubb

18、le)around or elongated bubble at the surface (open) or within thebody thickness leaving a cavity in the mirror.3.1.13 knotan inhomogeneity in the form of a vitreouslump in the mirror.3.1.14 mirror cut sizemirrors intended for final use in thesize ordered (i.e. mirrors not intended for recutting).3.1

19、.15 mirror lehr endmirrors intended for recutting bythe user into smaller sizes where it is expected that somematerial may be lost in cutting due to blemishes and edgequality.3.1.16 mirror stock sheetmirrors intended for architec-tural use and where trimming will be required.3.1.17 ruban abrasion of

20、 the mirror surface producing afrosted appearance.3.1.18 scratchdamage on the glass surface in the form ofa line caused by the movement of an object across and incontact with the glass surface.3.1.19 silver coatingthe metallic silver coating in a sil-vered mirror product.3.1.20 silvered mirrormirror

21、 product fabricated throughthe application of metallic silver and protected by a mirrorbacking paint.3.1.21 spot silver faulta small area at which the silvercoating is partially or entirely absent.3.1.22 stonea crystalline inclusion in the mirror.3.1.23 visible cloudinga frosted appearance in the re

22、-flected image from a silvered mirror.4. Classification and Intended Use4.1 GradesMirrors furnished under this specificationshall be of the following grades, as specified.4.1.1 Mirror Cut SizeMirrors intended for final use in thesize ordered (that is, mirrors not intended for recutting).4.1.2 Mirror

23、 Stock SheetMirrors intended for architec-tural use and where trimming will be required.4.1.3 Mirror Lehr EndMirrors intended for recutting bythe user into smaller sizes where it is expected that somematerial may be lost in cutting due to blemishes and edgequality.4.2 QualitiesMirrors furnished unde

24、r this specificationshall be of the following qualities, as specified.4.2.1 Mirror Select Quality(Usually available in 6 mm(14 in.) clear mirror only.) Recommended or intended or both,for use in visually demanding applications requiring minimaldistortion and blemishes.4.2.2 Mirror Glazing QualityRec

25、ommended or intendedor both, for general use where limited levels of minor blem-ishes or distortion, or both are acceptable.4.3 ColorThe glass substrate may be clear or tinted.4.3.1 Clear Glass MirrorsMirrors made with clear(untinted) glass. (This does NOT include low-iron glassmirrors.)4.3.2 Low-Ir

26、on Glass MirrorsMirrors made with low-ironcontent glass. Intended for use in applications where increasedlight reflectance and glass clarity are required. Not all grades orqualities may be available in low-iron glass mirrors.4.3.3 Tinted Glass MirrorsMirrors made with tinted (col-ored) glass. Intend

27、ed for use primarily in decorative applica-tions where diminished light reflectance is not a concern. Avariety of tinted glass substrates are available. The specific tintdesired should be specified by the purchaser and is subject toavailability. Not all grades or qualities may be available intinted

28、glass mirror.NOTE 1Although usually imperceptible, actual color or shade of clearglass, tinted glass or low-iron glass substrates may vary from manufac-turer to manufacturer and from batch to batch.4.4 ThicknessMirrors are available in the standard nomi-nal thicknesses provided in Table 1:5. Orderin

29、g Information5.1 Purchasers should select the preferred options permittedin this specification and include the following information inprocurement documents:5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification.5.1.2 Grade of mirror (see 4.1).5.1.3 Quality of mirror (see 4.2).5.1.4 Color of mirror (se

30、e 4.3).5.1.5 Thickness of mirror.5.1.6 Nominal length and width.5.2 Packaging RequirementsMirror packaging and pro-tection shall be standard manufacturer practice unless other-wise specified. Consult manufacturer before specifying.6. Requirements6.1 Reflectance RequirementsWhen measured in accor-dan

31、ce with Test Method 7.2, reflectance shall not be less thanthe following:6.1.1 For clear and low-iron glass mirrorsminimumvisible light reflected = 83 %.TABLE 1 Available Nominal Mirror ThicknessNominal Designation Intended useSIDesignation(mm)TraditionaldesignationMaximumrecommendedsurface area per

32、cut size pieceRecommendedapplication2.5 single Up to .5 sq. m.(5 ft2)Utility mirrors where distortionand blemishes are not amajor concern3.0 doubleor18 in.Up to .75 sq. m.(7.5 ft2)Mirror components and othergeneral use applications4.0532 in. Up to 1 sq. m.(10 ft2)Mirror components and othergeneral u

33、se applications5.0316 in. Up to 3 sq. m.(32 ft2)Architectural use and otherapplications where opticalquality is a major concern6.014 in. Up to 3 sq. m.(32 ft2.)Architectural use and otherapplications where opticalquality is a major concernC15030826.1.2 For tinted glass mirrorsminimum visible lightre

34、flected = (T)2(where T = the visible light transmission valuefor the glass substrate in its unsilvered state.)6.2 Coating Requirements:6.2.1 Appearance of Silver CoatingWhen inspected inaccordance with Test Method 7.1.3, the silver coating shall befree of visible silver coating blemishes.6.2.2 Coati

35、ng Resistance RequirementsWhen tested inaccordance with Test Method 7.3 mirrors shall meet therequirements shown in Table 7.6.3 Blemish LimitsBlemishes, other than visible blem-ishes in the silver coating, are permitted within the followinglimits.6.3.1 Blemish Limits for Mirror Cut Size and Mirror S

36、tockSheet Grades:6.3.1.1 Linear Blemish LimitsWhen inspected in accor-dance with Test Method 7.1.2 linear blemishes shall be withinthe limits shown in Table 5.6.3.1.2 Point Blemish LimitsWhen inspected in accor-dance with Test Method 7.1.1.1 point blemishes shall be withinthe limits shown in Table 3

37、.6.3.2 Blemish Limits for Mirror Lehr End Grade:6.3.2.1 Linear Blemish LimitsWhen tested in accordancewith Test Method 7.1.2 mirrors shall meet the quality require-ments shown in Table 5.6.3.2.2 Point Blemish LimitsWhen tested in accordancewith Test Method 7.1.1.1 mirrors shall meet the qualityrequi

38、rements shown in Tables 3 and 4.6.4 Edge Quality RequirementsEdges shall be clean cut.(Types and qualities of edgework are not within the scope ofthis specification. Consult manufacturer before specifying.)6.4.1 Shell ChipsShell chips are permitted in the edges ofclean cut mirror as long as they do

39、not exceed the acceptancecriteria shown in Table 6.6.4.2 V-ChipsVisible V-Chips are not permitted. (See 7.1for viewing criteria.)6.5 Dimensional Tolerances:6.5.1 ThicknessWhen measured at any point throughoutthe sheet, tolerances for thickness (including uniformity ofthickness) of mirrors shall be i

40、n accordance with Table 2.6.5.2 Length and WidthWhen measured in accordancewith Test Method 7.4, tolerances for length and width ofmirrors shall be in accordance with Table 2.6.5.3 SquarenessWhen measured in accordance with TestMethod 7.5, tolerances for squareness of mirrors shall be inaccordance w

41、ith Table 2.6.6 Distortion RequirementsLimited levels of distortionare inherent in flat glass mirrors and are permitted, providedthat the glass used in manufacturing the mirrors conforms tothe following limits.6.6.1 Distortion Limits for Mirror Select Quality MirrorsGlass used in the manufacture of

42、Mirror Select Quality mirrorsshall conform to the allowable distortion limits cited inSpecification C 1036 for Q1 quality glass.6.6.2 Distortion Limits for Mirror Glazing QualityMirrorsGlass used in the manufacture of Mirror GlazingQuality mirrors shall conform to the allowable distortion limitscite

43、d in Specification C 1036 for Q2 quality glass.6.7 Fabrication RequirementsMirrors may be further fab-ricated using a variety of cutting, edging, and decoratingprocesses. These processes are not covered within the scope ofthis specification and must be agreed upon between buyer andseller.7. Test Met

44、hods7.1 Visual InspectionAll visual inspections shall be madewith 20/20 vision (naked eye or corrected). Place samples inthe vertical position at the distance specified in the sectionsfollowing. Unless otherwise specified in the sections below, theviewer shall inspect the reflective surface of the s

45、ample at anangle of 90, plus or minus 10, perpendicular to the surfaceusing daylight (without direct sunlight) or other uniformdiffused background lighting that simulates daylight.7.1.1 Visual Inspection for Point Blemishes (Knots, Dirt,Stones, Gaseous Inclusions, Tin Particles, Crush, and OtherSimi

46、lar BlemishesFrom a distance of approximately1m(39in.) the viewer shall inspect the mirror. If a blemish is detected,measure in accordance with 7.1.1.1 and refer to Table 3 andTable 4 for evaluation criteria.7.1.1.1 Point Blemishes MeasurementPoint blemish sizeshall be determined by measuring the ma

47、ximum length andperpendicular width of the blemish (including associateddistortion) and calculating the average of the two dimensions(Length + Width) / 2). To determine the dimensions of theassociated distortion of an inclusion, examine the reflectionsfrom the glass surface and from the silvered sur

48、face, of a gridof6mm(14 in.) wide parallel black lines, separated by 6 mm(14 in) gaps. The grid shall be about 2 m from the glass underinspection, and parallel to its surface. The limit of the size ofthe associated distortion is the location on the glass where the2 reflections of one line separate f

49、rom each other. Theallowable blemish sizes are listed in Table 3 and Table 4.TABLE 2 Dimensional Tolerances for Mirror Cut Size, Mirror Stock Sheet and Mirror Lehr End GradesNominal Designation Thickness RangeASquareness Length and WidthBToleranceSIDesignationmmTraditionalDesignationmm in. Cut Size Stock Sheet andLehr EndCutSizeStock SheetandLehr Endmin max min max Max. D1-D2mm (in.)6 mm(6 in.)6 mm(6 in.)2.5 mm (Single) 2.16 to 2.57 0.085 to 0.101 2.0 (564) 3.0 (18) 1.6 (116) 6.4 (14)3.0 mm (Double-18 in