1、Designation: C1506 16aStandard Test Method forWater Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars andPlasters1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1506; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method provides for the determination of waterretention of hydraulic cement-based mortars and plasters.1.2 The
3、values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard. When this test method refers to combined-unitstandards, the selection of the measurement systems is at theusers discretion.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafe
4、ty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFreshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechem
5、ical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)22. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC230/C230M Specification for Flo
6、w Table for Use in Testsof Hydraulic CementC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Cements and ConcretesC670 Practice for P
7、reparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar3. Summary of Test Method3.1 After initial mixing is complete, the flow of the mortaror plaster is determined. The mortar or plaster is then subjectedto a controlled
8、vacuum suction for 60 s, after which the flow isagain determined. The water retention is the final flow dividedby the initial flow expressed as a percentage.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a means for determining theability of mortars and plasters to retain water under suction.T
9、est results may be used to determine compliance withspecifications.4.2 The results obtained using this test method can be usedto compare the relative ability of mortars and plasters to retainwater under suction.4.3 The results obtained using this test method for masonrymortars do not necessarily ind
10、icate the degree of waterretention when used with masonry units, since the amount ofwater absorbed by the unit depends on the rate of absorption ofthe masonry unit.4.4 The results obtained using this test method for plasters(stucco) do not necessarily indicate the degree of waterretention when the p
11、laster is applied as a second coat on thesurface of a previously applied plaster base coat, since theamount of water absorbed from the second coat of plasterdepends on the rate of absorption of the base coat. This is alsotrue when a plaster is applied as a coating on masonry units.5. Apparatus5.1 Ta
12、mper, conforming to Test Method C109/C109M.5.2 Straightedge, conforming to Test Method C185.5.3 Flow Table, conforming to Specification C230/C230M.5.4 Mixing Apparatus, conforming to the requirements pre-scribed in Practice C305.5.5 Filtration Assembly, an apparatus essentially as shownin Fig. 1 sha
13、ll be used. This apparatus consists of a perforateddish resting on a funnel, which is connected by a three-way1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cementand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.22 on Workability.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2016. Publ
14、ished February 2016. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C1506 16. DOI:10.1520/C1506-16A.2Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Vol 04.01.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Custom
15、er Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
16、 19428-2959. United States1stopcock to a vacuum flask, to which a controlled vacuum isapplied. The perforated dish shall be made of metal notattacked by masonry mortar or plaster (Note 1). The metal baseof the dish shall have a thickness of 2.0 6 0.3 mm and shallconform to the requirements given in
17、Fig. 1. The stopcock boreshall have a 4.0 6 0.5-mm diameter, and the connecting glasstubing shall have a minimum inside diameter of 4 mm. Thelength of the tubing projecting into the 1-L flask from thestopcock shall extend at least 25 mm below the center line ofthe vacuum connection. The contact surf
18、aces of the funnel andperforated dish shall be plane and may need to be lapped toensure intimate contact. An airtight seal shall be maintainedNOTE 1The gasket is to be synthetic rubber. The stopcock and the bore of the tubing shall be at least 4-mm. A check valve or water trap, or both,is suggested
19、for the connection to the vacuum source.FIG. 1 Apparatus Assembly for the Water-Retention TestC1506 16a2between the funnel and the dish during the test. This shall beaccomplished by either of the following procedures. (1)Asynthetic (grease-resistant) rubber gasket may be permanentlysealed to the top
20、 of the funnel using petrolatum or light greaseto ensure a seal between the gasket and dish. (2) The top of thefunnel may be lightly coated with petroleum or light grease toensure a seal between the funnel and dish. Care shall be takento ensure that none of the holes in the perforated dish becomeclo
21、gged. Hardened, smooth, not rapid filter paper shall be used.It shall be 150 mm in diameter and be placed so as tocompletely cover the perforations in the dish.NOTE 1Stainless steel, brass, and bronze are suitable metals for thispurpose.5.6 Controlled Vacuum Source:5.6.1 A vacuum gage capable of rea
22、ding at least 9-kPapressure in 0.1-kPa increments (Note 2 and Note 3), connectedto a miniature vacuum regulator having a maximum 55-kPacapacity, which is then connected to a vacuum pump or wateraspirator as shown in Fig. 1. Connection is made between thevacuum flask and the vacuum gage.NOTE 2Vacuum
23、values are all given as pressure relative to atmo-spheric pressure.NOTE 3Gages reading pressure in other units are acceptable as long astheir capacity and scale increments comply with the levels specified here.(For example, a vacuum gage with a minimum capacity of 70 mm of Hgin 1-mm increments is ac
24、ceptable. To convert mm of Hg to kPa, multiplyby 0.1333. Thus the 7.0-kPa starting pressure is equivalent to 53-mm Hg.)6. Temperature and Humidity6.1 The temperature of the mixing room and the roomcontaining the water retention apparatus shall conform to therequirements of Specification C511.7. Mate
25、rials7.1 The composition of the mortar or plaster to be tested forwater retention shall be that described in the specification ofthe material being considered, or that desired.8. Mixing of Mortar and Plaster8.1 The mortar or plaster to be tested for water retentionshall be mixed as specified in the
26、section on Procedure forMixing Mortars of Practice C305, or as described in thespecification for the material being considered.9. Procedure9.1 Preparation of ApparatusSeat the perforated dish onthe greased gasket or greased rim of the funnel. Place a wettedfilter paper in the bottom of the dish. Tur
27、n the stopcock toapply the vacuum to the funnel and check the apparatus forleaks. Adjust the vacuum to 7.0 6 0.4 kPa (Note 2). Turn thestopcock to shut off the vacuum from the funnel. Do notremove the dish from the funnel until instructed to do so in 9.5.9.2 Determination of FlowDetermine the flow i
28、n accor-dance with Test Method C1437.9.3 Preparation of Mortar or Plaster BedImmediatelyafter making the flow test, return the mortar or plaster on theflow table to the mixing bowl and remix the entire batch for 15s at medium speed. Immediately after remixing, fill theperforated dish with the materi
29、al to slightly above the rim.Tamp 15 times with the tamper. Apply ten of the tampingstrokes at approximately uniform spacing adjacent to the rim ofthe dish, and with the long axis of the tamping face held at rightangles to the radius of the dish. Apply the remaining fivetamping strokes at random poi
30、nts distributed over the centralarea of the dish. Use just enough tamping pressure to fill thedish with the top of the material extending slightly above therim. Smooth off the material by drawing the flat side of thestraightedge (with the leading edge slightly raised) across thetop of the dish. Stri
31、ke-off the material to a plane surface flushwith the rim of the dish with the straightedge held in aperpendicular position; using a sawing motion, draw thestraightedge across half of the surface of the dish; repeat theprocedure on the other half of the unfinished surface. If thematerial is pulled aw
32、ay from the side of the dish during theprocess of drawing the straightedge across the dish, gentlypress the material back into contact with the side of the dishusing the tamper. Complete the entire filling and strike-offoperation in not more than 2 min.9.4 Application of Vacuum to Mortar or PlasterT
33、urn thestopcock to apply the vacuum to the funnel. After suction for60 s, quickly turn the stopcock to expose the funnel toatmospheric pressure.9.5 Determination of Flow After SuctionImmediatelyslide the perforated dish off the funnel, touch the bottom of thedish momentarily on a damp cloth to remov
34、e droplets of water.Set the dish on a work table, plow and mix the mortar or plasterfor 15 s, with the rubber scraper prescribed in Practice C305.Determine the flow in accordance with Test Method C1437.Remove the vacuum and complete the flow test in less than 2min.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the w
35、ater retention value for the mortar orplaster as follows:Water retention, % 5 A/B! 3100where:A = flow after suction, andB = flow immediately after initial mixing.Report to the nearest 1 %.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe following precision values were calcu-lated from results of tests report
36、ed to Cement and ConcreteReference Laboratory (CCRL) for masonry cement proficiencysamples Number 3 through 42 (Note 4). Within- and among-laboratory standard deviations were calculated by CCRL foreach sample pair. Values were pooled over all 40 samples forpurposes of this analysis. Water retention
37、test results (exclud-ing outliers) ranged from 72 to 88 %. The average number oflaboratories reporting was 69.NOTE 4These tests utilized a slightly different test pressure, 6.7 6 0.4kPa (50 6 0.3 mm Hg).11.1.1 Single-laboratory PrecisionThe single-laboratorystandard deviation has been found to be 3.
38、5 % (Note 5).C1506 16a3Therefore, the results of two properly conducted tests in thesame laboratory on the same material should not differ by morethan 9.8 % (Note 5) in 95 % of such pairwise comparisons.11.1.2 Multilaboratory PrecisionThe multilaboratorystandard deviation has been found to be 5.1 %
39、(Note 5).Therefore, the results of two properly conducted tests indifferent laboratories on the same material should not differ bymore than 14.3 % (Note 5) in 95 % of such pairwise compari-sons.NOTE 5These numbers represent, respectively, the 1s and d2s limitsas described in Practice C670.11.2 BiasS
40、ince there is no accepted reference materialsuitable for determining bias in this test method, no statementon bias is being made.12. Keywords12.1 hydraulic cement; mortar; plaster; water retentionSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since t
41、he last issue(C1506 16) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Feb. 15, 2016.)(1) Revised 1.2 and 5.5.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1506 09) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Jan. 1, 2016.)(1) Revis
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