1、Designation: C1536 10Standard Test Method forMeasuring the Yield for Aerosol Foam Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1536; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb
2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method determines the quantity of linear unitsof a foam sealant having a specified bead diameter that may beobtained from a singl
3、e can of aerosol product. Four (4) cans arerequired for each product determination.1.2 The test method is intended to estimate the contents ofthe aerosol container (1) for purposes of label statements, and(2) to provide the user information needed to estimate jobrequirements.1.3 Foam sealants are us
4、ed for a variety of end-use appli-cations but are primarily intended to reduce air movement inthe building envelope.1.4 Currently, two main foam sealant types are applicable tothis standard: single component polyurethane and latex.1.5 There is no other known standard test method tomeasure aerosol fo
5、am sealant yield.1.6 Values are reported in SI units only. Certain apparatusand supply items are referenced in inch-pound units forpurchasing purposes.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this
6、 standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C717 Terminology of Building Seals and SealantsC1620 Specification for Aerosol Polyurethane and AerosolLatex Foam Sealant
7、s3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 empty aerosol can (of foam sealant)the time atwhich the product flow of the foam sealant is less than 2.0linear cm or 1.0 g of continuous foam bead during twocontinuous seconds of dispensing.3.1.2 symbolsletter symbols are used
8、to represent physi-cal measurements and are defined in Table 1 and Table 2.3.1.3 yieldthe yield for an aerosol can of foam sealant isthe quantity of a specified nominal diameter of foam bead thatis dispensed from a full can as defined by this test method.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Procedure ASuita
9、ble for foams that can be measuredby water displacement (intended only for polyurethane foams).4.1.1 The middle of the aerosol cans contents is dispensedat specified bead size segments.4.1.2 The dispensed foam volume is determined by sub-merging the foam bead segments in water and measuring theweigh
10、t of the displaced water.4.1.3 The yield (defined as the total bead length of aspecified nominal bead diameter of cured foam per can) iscalculated from the measured foam volume.4.2 Procedure BSuitable only for foam sealants thatcannot be measured by water displacement (Intended only forlatex foams).
11、4.2.1 The middle of the containers contents is dispensed asa specified bead size segments.4.2.2 The volume of the foam bead is directly measuredfrom the dried or cured foam bead segments by directmeasurement. Yield is calculated from these measurements.NOTE 1Procedure A uses tap water (see 11.10) to
12、 which 4.2 g ofDioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate (70 % solids) and 1.2 g of SAG 10defoamer per 4 litres may be added as wetting agent/defoamer blend. Thisavoids false readings if air bubbles become a problem. The water ismaintained at 23 6 2C during the submersion part of the test. It ispermissible for
13、a single batch of water to be used up to 48 h.5. Significance and Use5.1 The yield measurement of aerosol foam sealants is usedto indicate the amount of foam sealant that can be obtainedfrom a single can of product.5.2 The yield does not predict the performance capability ofthe foam sealant product
14、or its suitability for the intendedapplication.5.3 Procedure A was developed for use with products thatcan be volumetrically measured by submersion in water.Procedure B was developed for product that cannot be mea-sured by using a water displacement method.1This test method is under the jurisdiction
15、 ofASTM Committee C24 on BuildingSeals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.61 onAerosol Foam Sealants.Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C153603. DOI:10.1520/C1536-10.2For r
16、eferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
17、West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.4 Yield is often dependent on the bead size dispensed.Extrapolation of test results using data measured for larger sizebeads to estimate smaller sized beads has shown inaccuracies.Since yield will be reported based on the diameter of the curedbead (n
18、ot initial bead size), the operator shall determine thenominal initial bead size required to produce a specific nominalcured bead diameter. This foam characteristic, called “postdispensing contraction” or “post dispensing expansion,” isdefined in Terminology C717.6. Apparatus6.1 A container to hold
19、water. Large enough to submersefoam samples.6.2 A metal grating heavy enough to keep foam samplessubmersed.6.3 Top Loading Balance, readable to 0.01 g.6.4 PTFE Release Agent, or equivalent.6.5 Fiberglass Insect Screening, or equivalent.6.6 Polyolefin Film or Mesh, available from various localsupply
20、companies, 2 mil thickness or greater film of smoothfinish only, matte or textured finishes are not suitable.6.7 Corrugated Cardboard 200 Pound Weight Substrate,available in various sizes, trimmable to 70 6 10 3 120 6 15cm for convenient handling.6.8 Uncoated smooth brown wrapping paper.6.9 Meter St
21、ick, readable to the nearest 0.1 cm.6.10 Vernier Caliper, readable to the nearest 0.1 mm.7. Test Specimens and Substrates7.1 Prepare all test specimens at standard laboratory condi-tions of 23 6 2C and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.7.2 Polyurethane foam sealant complying with SpecificationC1620 (measur
22、ed using Procedure A) shall be dispenseddirectly on to polyolefin film covered rigid cardboard orsuspended mesh mounted on a frame of convenient size,approximately 40 3 40 cm.7.3 If in Procedure A, a fiberglass screen is used as thespecimen substrate, it shall be lightly coated with a PTFEaerosol sp
23、ray composition and allowed to air dry 30-45 sbefore the foam sealant is applied. If polyolefin film or mesh isused, do not use the PTFE spray.7.4 Foam sealants complying with Specification C1620 thatcannot be measured by water displacement, such as Latex(measured using Procedure B), shall be dispen
24、sed directly onto brown paper or corrugated cardboard sheet of convenientsize approximately 70 3 120 cm. The brown paper is trimmedaway from the specimens in order to facilitate measuring theheight and width of the bead. The paper shall not be totallyTABLE 1 Data Acquisition and Calculation Form for
25、 Foam Yield Measurement Procedure ASample Description SymbolCanister Avg. initial weight (g) A = (A1+ A2)/2Avg. weight after discharge (g) B = (B1+ B2)/2Avg. max discharged weight (g) A BSpecimen Preparation Temperature (C) . . .Relative humidity (%) . . .Cans starting weight (g) E =(E1+E2)/2Cans fi
26、nishing weight (g) F =(F1+F2)/2Amount of discharged product (g) E FResults Total dischargeable volume of cured beads measured by waterdisplacement (mL)H 5(n5110Pnrwater5(n5110Pn1.0g/ccYield (Y) based on linear metres of 1.0 cm bead per canY 5H A2B!2 E2F!S178.5DATotal can Linear Yield (Y) in meters b
27、ased on actual post curedbead diameter other than 1.0 cm, dispensed per can.Y 5H A2B!2 E2F!S125pD2DA78.5 is the factor to convert volume (cm3) to linear meter of 1 cm diameter bead.TABLE 2 Data Acquisition and Calculation Form for Foam Yield Measurement Procedure BSample Description SymbolCanister A
28、vg. initial weight (g) A =(A1+ A2)/2Avg. weight after discharge (g) B =(B1+ B2)/2Avg. max discharged weight (g) A BSpecimen Preparation Temperature (C) . . .Relative humidity (%) . . .Cans starting weight (g) E =(E1+ E2)/2Cans finishing weight (g) F =(F1+ F2)/2Amount of discharged product (g) E FTot
29、al volume of cured beads measured and calculated by p r2 L(cm3)AHResults Total dischargeable volume foam per can (cm3)V 5H A2B!2 E2F!Total Linear Yield (Y) based on 1.0 cm diameter bead per canY 5H A2B!2 E2F!S178.5DTotal can Linear Yield (Y) in meters based on actual post curedbead diameter other th
30、an 1.0 cm dispensed per can.Y 5H A2B!2 E2F!S125pD2DA78.5 is the factor to convert volume (cm3) to linear meter of 1.0 cm diameter bead.C1536 102removed from the foam but only trimmed to the foams edgefor measuring purposes.NOTE 2All polyurethane sealants shall be applied with the substratelaid horiz
31、ontally on a bench top or other support and allowed to cure for24 h before measurements are taken. Latex sealants will be applied withthe substrate in a position that will allow the product to dispense in theupright position and will be dried for 48 h before measurements are taken.7.5 For each produ
32、ct tested, it is essential to follow themanufacturers label directions and to use the dispenser sup-plied with the product.8. Conditioning8.1 Condition and test the sealant specimens under standardlaboratory conditions (see 9.8). Condition cans for 24 h at 236 2C and 50 6 5 % RH just prior to dispen
33、sing.9. Procedure A9.1 Prepare the substrate as described in 7.2.9.2 Remove the overcap, attach the dispensing mechanismand weigh the full assembled can of foam sealant. Record asthe starting weight (A1)inTable 1.9.3 Shake the can vigorously for 30 s or as recommended inthe products instructions.9.4
34、 Dispense a full can of foam sealant into a wastecontainer until completely empty (the can is completely emptywhen gas is primarily being expelled and the product flow rateis less than 2.0 cm or 1.0 g in two continuous seconds). Recordthe final weight of the can (B1) with the dispensing mechanismatt
35、ached.9.5 With a second full can of foam sealant repeat 9.1-9.4.Record corresponding values for A2and B2.9.6 With a third can, dispense approximately13 of thecontainers contents into a suitable waste container. Weigh andrecord the weight of the can including the attached dispensingmechanism as (E1).
36、 Apply five foam sealant beads 1.0 6 0.2cm average cured bead diameter by 15 cm long (since yieldwill be reported based on the diameter of the cured bead, notinitial bead size, the operator shall determine the nominalinitial bead size required to produce a specific nominal curedbead diameter) onto t
37、he substrate as seen in Fig. A1.1. Somepractice is recommended in order to achieve a consistent beaddiameter while dispensing. When one specimen bead is com-plete, momentarily stop dispensing long enough to move to thenext bead.After dispensing the five specimens, weigh each canwith dispensing mecha
38、nism attached and record the weights as(F1).9.7 Repeat step 9.6 for a fourth can and record correspond-ing values for E2and F2.9.8 Allow foam sealant beads to cure 24 h at 23 6 2C and50 6 5 % RH.9.9 Total volume of the cured foam beads is measured bybuoyancy weight (force) measured with a top loadin
39、g balanceand container filled with water on the balance. The containershould be deep enough to accommodate the 15-cm longspecimens. The displacement container in Fig.A1.2, or equiva-lent, shall be used. Specimens should be measured individuallyand the results added as indicated in Table 1.9.10 Place
40、 the wire grating or mesh into the water makingsure it is fully submersed and then tare the scale.9.11 Remove the wire grating or mesh and the foam sealantbeads from the polyolefin film or mesh and ensure that thewater level in the container is filled to the correct level beforethe cage and foam is
41、submerged. Place the foam bead, Fig.A1.2, gently into the container, then place the grating or meshon top of the beads to submerge all components. Now, recordthe buoyancy weight in grams for P1,.5(can 3) and P6,10(can4). WarningMake sure the cage and bead are always fullysubmersed. If necessary add
42、water in step 9.11 prior to taringthe scale.10. Calculations Procedure A10.1 Calculate the yield for each sample can 3 and 4 usingthe data acquisition and calculation form in Table 1. Calculatethe standard deviation for the duplicate yield determinations.11. Procedure B11.1 Prepare the substrate as
43、described in 7.4.11.2 Weigh a full can of foam sealant without the cap butwith the dispensing mechanism attached and record the startingweight (A1)inTable 2.11.3 Shake the can vigorously for 30 s or as recommendedin the products instructions.11.4 Dispense a full can of foam sealant into a wasteconta
44、iner until completely empty (the can is completely emptywhen gas is primarily being expelled and the product flow rateis less than 2.0 cm or 1.0 g in 2.0 s) and record the final weightof the can (B1).11.5 With a second full can of foam sealant, repeat steps11.2-11.4 and record corresponding values f
45、or A2and B2.11.6 With a third can, dispense approximately13 of thecontainer contents into a suitable waste container, weigh andrecord weight of can including the attached dispensing mecha-nism as (E1). Apply five foam sealant beads 1.0 6 0.2 cmaverage cured bead diameter by 15 cm long (since yield w
46、ill bereported based on the diameter of the cured bead, not initialbead size, the operator shall determine the nominal initial beadsize required to produce a specific nominal cured bead diam-eter) onto the substrate as seen in A1.1.NOTE 3Some practice is recommended in order to achieve a consis-tent
47、 bead diameter while dispensing.After one specimen bead is complete,momentarily stop dispensing long enough to move to the next bead. Afterthe five specimens are dispensed, weigh the can with the dispensingmechanism attached and record this weight as (F1).11.7 Repeat step 11.6 for a fourth can and r
48、ecord corre-sponding values for E and F.11.8 Dry or cure the specimens for 48 h at 23 6 2C and 506 5 % RH.11.9 Measure each specimen for both bead width and heightusing a vernier caliper at 10 equally spaced locations along thelength of each bead, with the first measurement starting at 1.0cm from th
49、e end. Then average these values to obtain theaverage bead diameter (D) and record this to the nearest 0.01mm for each specimen. Average bead diameter here is taken tobe the sum of the widths and heights of all the measurementsdivided by the total number of measurements.11.10 Measure the total combined length of the foam beadsegments by measuring each linear segment using a meter stickand sum the measurements. Record each segment to the nearestC1536 1030.5 mm and then total these measurements to obtain the totallength (L) for e
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