ASTM C1600 C1600M-2017 Standard Specification for Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement《快硬性水硬水泥的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: C1600/C1600M 11C1600/C1600M 17Standard Specification forRapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1600/C1600M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las

2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification is for rapid hardening hydraulic cements. This is a specification giving performance requirements. Th

3、ereare no restrictions on the composition of the cement or its constituents.1.2 The specification classifies cements by type based on specific requirements for very early compressive strengthdevelopment.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units shall be regarded separately as stan

4、dard. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the twosystems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory m

5、aterial. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements of the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safe

6、ty and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. (Warning Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin andtissue upon prolonged exposure.2)1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internat

7、ionally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C109/C109M

8、 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic CementC186 T

9、est Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic CementC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Cement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C441 Test Method for Effectiv

10、eness of Pozzolans or Ground Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Expansion of ConcreteDue to the Alkali-Silica ReactionC596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic CementC1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC1038

11、Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored in WaterC1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, see Terminology C219.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C

12、01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.13 on Special Cements.Current edition approved April 1, 2011May 1, 2017. Published June 2011May 2017. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20082011 asC1600/C1600M 08.C1600/C1600M 11. DOI: 10.1520/C1600_C1600M

13、-11.10.1520/C1600_C1600M-17.2 See the section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, re

14、fer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all c

15、hanges accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100

16、Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement, na hydraulic or blended hydraulic cement which exhibits rapid strength gainduring the first 24 h of hydration, with or without ot

17、her constituents, processing additions, and functional additions.4. Nomenclature, Classifications and Use4.1 Cements conforming to this specification shall be designated “Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement” with the high earlystrength gain characteristic indicated by type in accordance with the types

18、described in section 4.2. When the type is not specified,the requirement of Type GRH shall apply.4.2 The specification is for four types of rapid hardening cement as follows:4.2.1 Type URHUltra Rapid Hardening For use where ultra high early strength is desired (See(see Table 1).4.2.2 Type VRHVery Ra

19、pid Hardening For use where very high early strength is desired (See(see Table 1).4.2.3 Type MRHMedium Rapid Hardening for use where mid-range rapid hardening high early strength is desired (See(seeTable 1).4.2.4 Type GRHGeneral Rapid Hardening for use when the higher strength properties of a Type V

20、RH or a Type MRH cementis not required (See(see Table 1).5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for cement meeting the requirements of this specification shall include the following:5.1.1 This specification designation and date.5.1.2 The quantity of cement desired.5.1.3 The type of cement desired.5.1.4 A

21、 request for the manufacturers certification, if desired.6. 6. Chemical Composition6.1 The chemical composition for the cement is not specified. However, the purchaser shall have the option to request thecement composition from the producer. If analyzed, the procedure used shall be Test Methods C114

22、.7. Physical Properties7.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of the applicable standard physical requirements in Table 1.7.2 The water/cement ratio used to determine strength requirement compliance shall be reported in the manufacturerscertification.7.3 The density for the cement is

23、not specified. However, the density shall be determined by the manufacturer and reported inthe manufacturers certification.TABLE 1 Standard Physical Requirements(must be reported on manufacturers certification)Cement TypeURH VRH MRH GRHCompressive Strength (SeeSection 9 for procedures), min,MPa psiC

24、ompressive Strength (seeSection 9 for procedures), min,MPa psi112 h 21 3000 12 1700 . . . . . .3 h 28 4100 15 2200 10 1500 7 10006 h . . . . . . 14 2000 10 15001 day 35 5100 24 3500 17 2500 14 20007 days 41 6000 28 4100 28 4100 24 350028 days 57 8300 35 5100 31 4500 28 4100Drying Shrinkage, max %7 d

25、ays 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.1028 days, air storage 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.12Min Time of Final Set C191 ap-paratusMinutesA 10 10 10 10Autoclave, max expansion % 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8A The initial setting time typically ranges from 10 to 45 min for rapid hardening cements of various types and composition.C1600/C1600M 17

26、28. Sampling8.1 When the purchaser desires that the cement be sampled and tested to verify compliance with this specification, the finishedcement shall be sampled in accordance with Practice C183 at the mill or at the job site in accordance with the purchasersrequirements (See(see Note 1).NOTE 1Prac

27、tice C183 is not designed for manufacturing quality control and is not required for manufacturers certification.9. Test Methods9.1 When testing cement for compliance with this specification, use the following methods, with modifications or exceptionsas indicated:9.1.1 Autoclave ExpansionDetermine au

28、toclave expansion by Test Method C151 as specified in Table 1.9.1.2 Time of SettingDetermine the time of setting using Test Method C191 as specified in Table 1. Immediately after moldingthe test specimen in the conical ring, determine the penetration of the needle at this time and every 3 min. until

29、 the needle no longerpenetrates to the bottom of the specimen, then every 1 min. until final set is determined.9.1.3 Compressive StrengthDetermine compressive strength using Test Method C109/C109M as modified herein. Tests shallbe run at each age specified in Table 1. The mixing water requirement in

30、 Test Method C109/C109M shall be adjusted to producea flow of 110 6 5 as determined using Test Method C1437.9.1.4 Drying Shrinkage of MortarDetermine drying shrinkage of mortar as specified in Table 1 using Test Method C596.9.1.5 Heat of HydrationDetermine heat of hydration using Test Method C186 (S

31、ee(see Table 2).9.1.6 Sulfate ResistanceDetermine sulfate resistance using Test Method C1012 (See(see Table 2).9.1.7 Alkali Silica ReactivityDetermine reactivity of cement with alkali-reactive aggregate using Test Method C227 usingcrushed borosilicate glass, as described in Test Method C441, as aggr

32、egate (See (see Table 2).9.1.8 Expansion in WaterDetermine expansion of hydraulic cement mortar bars stored in water by Test Method C1038(See(see Table 2).10. Testing Time10.1 The age of the specimens is to be determined from the time when the cement contacts the mixing water.10.2 Specimens to be te

33、sted at 112, 3, and 6 h shall be removed from the molds a maximum of 10 min. prior to time of test.After the specimens are removed from the molds, keep them covered with a damp towel until time to be tested. The cubes mustbe tested within 10 min. of the time specified.10.3 All other specimens shall

34、be removed from the molds at 22 h, 6 2 h. If the specimens are removed from the molds before24 h, keep them on the shelves of the moist closet or moist room until they are 24 h old, and then immerse the specimens exceptfor the 24-h test, in saturated limewater for storage.10.4 The 24-h, 7-d, and 28-

35、d test specimens shall be broken within the permissible time tolerances prescribed in Test MethodC109/C109M.10.5 Record and calculate the compressive strength in accordance with the Calculation Section of Test Method C109/C109M.10.6 Apply the sampling and testing requirements of Practice C183.10.7 F

36、or testing of samples taken subsequent to shipment, the purchaser shall make necessary arrangements for shipment ofsamples to the testing laboratory.Add the time required for transport to the laboratory to the minimum time intervals allowed fromreceipt of the samples by the testing laboratory.TABLE

37、2 Optional RequirementsSulfate expansionA (C1012)6 months, max % 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.051 year, max % 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10ASR ExpansionB (C441)14 days, max % 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.02056 days, max % 0.060 0.060 0.060 0.060Heat of Hydration (C186)7 days, max, kJ/kg (kcal/kg) 250 60 250 60 250 60 250 6028 day

38、s, max, kJ/kg (kcal/kg) 290 70 290 70 290 70 290 70Expansion in Water (C1038)14 days, max % 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10A In the testing of these cements, testing at one year shall not be required when the cement meets the 6-month limit. Cement failing the 6-month limit shall not be rejectedunless it also fa

39、ils the one-year limit.B The test for mortar expansion is an optional requirement to be applied only at the purchasers request and is not required unless the cement will be used withalkali-reactive aggregate.C1600/C1600M 17310.8 The minimum time allowed from receipt of samples by the testing laborat

40、ory to the report of test results shall bedetermined by the required age of specimen at the time of testing plus seven days.10.9 A written report of results of applicable tests shall be available within not more than three days after the interval specifiedin 10.8.10.10 These time limits do not apply

41、 to retesting or additional testing (See(see Note 2).NOTE 2Aging effects on small samples or quantities of cement stored for long periods of time can produce test results that are not representative ofthe fresh cement nor of cement stored in large quantity for equal periods of time.11. Testing by th

42、e Manufacturer11.1 Secure representative samples of cement during production or transfer and test them for compliance with this specification.Location and frequency of sampling are at the discretion of the manufacturer. Sampling and testing shall be either part of, or inaddition to, the manufacturer

43、s normal quality control.12. Inspection12.1 Inspection of the material shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller as part of the purchase contract.12.2 All packages shall be in good condition at the time of inspection.13. Certification13.1 When specified in the purchase order or co

44、ntract, furnish the manufacturers certification at the time of shipment statingthe results of tests made on cement sampled during production or transfer and certifying that the applicable requirements of thisspecification have been met.14. Package Marking14.1 When the cement is delivered in packages

45、, the words “Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement,” the type of cement, thespecification designation, the name and brand of manufacturer and the mass of cement contained therein shall be plainly markedon each package. Similar information shall be provided in the manufacturers certification accompanying

46、the shipment of packagedor bulk cement.15. Storage15.1 The cement shall be stored in such a manner as to permit reasonable access for proper inspection and identification of eachshipment and in a suitable weather-tight building, container, or package that will protect the cement from dampness and mi

47、nimizewarehouse set.16. Keywords16.1 blended hydraulic cement; high early strength; hydraulic cement; rapid hardening hydraulic cementsSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C01C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1600/C1600M - 08C1600/C1600M 11) that may i

48、mpact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1,2017April 1, 2011.).)(1) Removed Test Method C227 from Section 2 (“Referenced Documents”).(2) Deleted Option R Modified wording in 9.1.7.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any i

49、tem mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand s