ASTM C1606-2010(2018) Standard Test Method for Sampling Protocol for TCLP Testing of Container Glassware.pdf

1、Designation: C1606 10 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Test Method forSampling Protocol for TCLP Testing of ContainerGlassware1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the

2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method defines the way in which containerglassware should be prepared before performing the Toxicity

3、Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The method coversthe homogenization of the sample, and the selection of arepresentative portion of the sample to test and get reproduc-ible results.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in

4、 thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitation

5、s prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Techn

6、icalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Container glass artic

7、les decorated with ceramic glassdecorations are broken to fit the requirements of the TCLPprotocol by using a disc mill or roll mill apparatus, and then thesamples are homogenized using a riffle box. A representativesample of the glass articles can then be put through the TCLPtest with reproducible

8、results.4. Significance and Use4.1 Sampling of decorated glass containers for the TCLPcan vary greatly, resulting from the size and shape of the articlerelative to the amount of ceramic decoration on the ware.Breaking the glass can cause some of the pieces to have nodecoration on them, and others to

9、 be heavily decorated andmore likely to leach lead and cadmium under the TCLP test.This method provides an effective tool to homogenize the glasscontainers so that reproducible results can be attained from theTCLP test.5. Apparatus5.1 Pre-breaking apparatus, consisting of:5.1.1 Two L (or larger) pol

10、ythene bucket with a tightlysealed lid,5.1.2 One or two clean 35 to 40 mm diameter aluminagrinding balls,5.2 Disc mill or roll mill,5.3 Sieves, as needed,5.4 Riffle box, and5.5 Roller or tumbler apparatus.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Glassware to be tested, in two sets of 10 units each.7. Hazards7.1

11、 When working with glassware, always be aware andcareful of the potential of getting cut by the glass. Personalprotective equipment, such as a face shield or goggles, leathergloves, and a protective apron should be worn when workingwith glass.Take precautions when working with the samples andapparat

12、us to avoid the possibilities of getting hurt.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.03 on Methods for Whitewares and Environmental Concerns.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. P

13、ublished October 2018. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1606 10 (2014).DOI: 10.1520/C1606-10R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume info

14、rmation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizat

15、ion established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.18. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units8.1 Since the amount of lead and cadmium that leaches

16、 froma decoration can be affected by the relative size of thedecoration, it is important to start with two sets of 10 unitseach.9. Procedure9.1 To minimize the variation of sampling, this testing shallbe done in duplicate, and therefore, take two sets of 10 units ofthe glassware to be tested.9.2 Pre

17、-break the glass prior to milling, using the followingprocedure:9.2.1 Place the first set of glassware into the 2 L bucket,along with one or two clean 35 to 40 mm diameter aluminagrinding balls.9.2.2 After tightly sealing the lid, shake the vessel hardenough to smash the glass to create pieces that

18、can be fed intothe roll or disc mill.9.3 Clean both the mill and riffle box, prior to use.9.4 Feed the pre-broken glass into the disc mill or roll millas feedstock.9.4.1 Grind the glass as two separate lots, with the selectedmill apertures set between 2.5 and 3.5 mm. These aperaturesettings tend to

19、produce crushed glass with a maximum particlesize of 5 mm.9.5 Any oversized material must be removed by sieving orhand picking, and be broken up prior to blending back into theoriginal sample.9.6 Homogenize the sample using a roller or tumblerapparatus.9.7 Immediately pass sample through the riffle

20、box collect-ing two sub-samples of 100 g each.9.8 Perform TCLP extraction according to EPA specifica-tions.10. Precision and Bias10.1 The precision of this test method is based on aninterlaboratory study of C1606-04 Standard Test Method forSampling Protocol for TCLP Testing of Container Glassware,co

21、nducted in 2008. Four laboratories participated in this study.Each of the labs was asked to report two replicate test resultsfor three different materials, however not every lab reportedreplicate data for each material. Every “test result” that wasreported represents an individual determination. Exc

22、ept for theuse of only four laboratories, and inconsistent reporting ofreplicates, Practice E691 was followed for the design andanalysis of the data; the details are given in RR:C21-1006.310.1.1 Repeatability limit (r)Two test results obtainedwithin one laboratory shall be judged not equivalent if t

23、heydiffer by more than the “r” value for that material; “r”istheinterval representing the critical difference between two testresults for the same material, obtained by the same operatorusing the same equipment on the same day in the samelaboratory.10.1.1.1 Repeatability limits are listed in Table 1

24、 and Table2.10.1.2 Reproducibility limit (R)Two test results shall bejudged not equivalent if they differ by more than the “R” valuefor that material; “R” is the interval representing the criticaldifference between two test results for the same material,obtained by different operators using differen

25、t equipment indifferent laboratories.10.1.2.1 Reproducibility limits are listed in Table 1 andTable 2.10.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibility limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.10.1.4 Any judgment in accordance with statements 10.1.1and S1012 would normally have a

26、n approximate 95 % prob-ability of being correct, however the precision statistics ob-tained in this ILS must not be treated as exact mathematicalquantities which are applicable to all circumstances and uses.The limited number of materials tested and laboratories report-ing results guarantees that t

27、here will be times when differencesgreater than predicted by the ILS results will arise, sometimeswith considerably greater or smaller frequency than the 95 %probability limit would imply. The repeatability limit and thereproducibility limit should be considered as general guides,and the associated

28、probability of 95 % as only a roughindicator of what can be expected.10.2 BiasAt the time of the study, there was no acceptedreference material suitable for determining the bias for this testmethod, therefore no statement on bias is being made.10.3 The precision statement was determined through sta-

29、tistical examination of 32 results, from four laboratories, onthree materials.To judge the equivalency of two test results, it is recom-mended to choose the material closest in characteristics to thetest material.11. Keywords11.1 TCLP; ceramic glass enamels; ceramic glassdecorations3Supporting data

30、have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C21-1006.TABLE1Pb(ppm)MaterialAverageAxRepeatabilityStandardDeviationsrReproducibilityStandardDeviationsRRepeatabilityLimitrReproducibilityLimitRPochet 0.47 0.08 0.44 0.22 1.23FB 2.17 2.12 2.96 5.9

31、5 8.28Green 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00AThe average of the laboratories calculated averages.C1606 10 (2018)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that

32、 determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapprov

33、ed or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you fee

34、l that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual repr

35、ints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.10FB 0.18 0.22 0.31 0.61 0.88Green 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00AThe average of the laboratories calculated averages.C1606 10 (2018)3