1、Designation: C1635 14Standard Test Method toEvaluate Adhesion/Cohesion Properties of a Sealant atFixed Extension1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1635; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure formeasuring the adhesion/cohesion properties of a sealant whensubj
3、ected to tensile loads resulting from an applied specifiedstrain. The adhesion/cohesion properties are evaluated before,during, and after water immersion.1.2 This test method examines the adhesive and cohesiveperformance of a sealant on a specified substrate at a strainequivalent to a multiple of th
4、e strain/movement capabilitydesignated by the manufacturer for the given sealant perSpecification C920.1.3 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regardedas the standard. The inch values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesa
5、fety concerns, if any associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 Comparable Test:1.5.1 ISO 10590, Building construction - Jointing prod
6、ucts- Sealants - Determination of adhesion/cohesion properties atmaintained extension after immersion in water1.5.2 ISO 8340, Building construction - Jointing products -Sealants - Determination of tensile properties at maintainedextension2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C717 Terminology of
7、 Building Seals and SealantsC719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elasto-meric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (HockmanCycle)C920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint SealantsC1375 Guide for Substrates Used in Testing Building Sealsand Sealants3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 casting
8、spacersthe spacers used in the fabrication ofthe joints made from wet sealant3.1.2 separatorsthe device or item used to maintain thespecimens at fixed extension.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Test specimens made in accordance with dimensions setforth in Test Method C719 are fabricated and allowed to c
9、ure.4.2 Test specimens are extended at standard conditions asdefined in Terminology C717 to a specified strain and blockedat the strain for a specified period of time.4.3 The test specimens are examined for adhesive or cohe-sive failure, or both, of the sealant at 0, 24 and 168 h.4.4 A duplicate set
10、 of three test specimens are cured atstandard conditions as defined in Terminology C717, extendedto a specified strain, and then immersed (totally) in deionizedwater or specified medium (3 specimens/liter of liquid).4.5 Immersed test specimens are observed at 0, 24 and 168and other additional specif
11、ied hours.4.6 This test method uses ASTM standard substrates asdescribed in Guide C1375. This test method does not excludethe use of any other substrate that provides a suitable flatsurface.5. Significance and Use5.1 In any sealant application, the sealant must be capable ofmaintaining an adhesive b
12、ond to the substrate when held instrain for its intended service life.5.2 This test method is an indicator of a sealants ability toadhere under strain to a given substrate.5.3 The default test strain is the movement ability of thesealant as designated by the manufacturer. The default joint1This test
13、 method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C24 on BuildingSeals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 onAdhesionCurrent edition approved Sept. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C1635-06. DOI:1
14、0.1520/C1635-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
15、 Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1configuration is 12.7 12.7 50.8 mm (12 12 2 in.). Otherstrains and joint configurations may be used and reported asnoted in Section 8 and Table 1.6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Container, for immersion made of a material compatiblew
16、ith the immersion medium.6.2 Device, to provide a strain on the test specimen.6.3 Spatulas, for use in applying the sealant.6.4 Caulking Gun, for extruding sealant from cartridgeswhen applicable.6.5 SubstratesTwelve substrates minimum of 25.4 76.2mm (1 3 in.) of the same finish are required for each
17、 testsample.6.6 Casting SpacersMade from polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) or a suitable rigid material shall be used with each testspecimen to which the test sealant will not bond and willprovide the appropriate joint dimensions and configurations.6.7 Substrate Cleaning Materials:6.8 Primer (if needed)
18、.6.9 Separators, to provide a constant strain on the specimenwhilst maintaining parallel bond surfaces.6.10 Deionized Water, or other specified liquid medium forimmersion6.11 Suitable Probe Type Measuring Device, capable ofmeasuring defects in the sealant to 1 mm (132 in.)7. Procedure7.1 Preparation
19、 of Test Specimens. Six test specimens.7.1.1 Standard conditions of temperature and relative hu-midity used throughout this test method are defined as inTerminology C717.7.1.2 Clean the substrates per the procedures set forth inTest Method C719 and Guide C1375.7.1.3 PrimersWhere use of primer is rec
20、ommended by thesealant manufacturer, substrate materials shall be primed withthe recommended primer or primers.7.1.4 Apply a bead of sealant 12.7 12.7 50.8 mm (12 12 2 in.) between parallel 25.4 76.2 mm (1 3 in.)substrates (or of other desired dimensions and noted in thereport). Use appropriate cast
21、ing spacers to form the proper sizebead. Use adhesive tape, rubber bands, or clamps to hold thetest assembly together before and after filling it with thesealant. In the case of a pourable-type sealant, use masking orany other suitable tape to retain the sealant. Use masking tapeon top surface of su
22、bstrates to prevent sealant from curing onthe top surface. Remove the tape immediately following fillingthe specimen joint cavity.7.2 Curing Method7.2.1 Cure specimens under one of the following cycles:7.2.1.1 Standard ConditionsAs defined in TerminologyC717 for a minimum of 21 days.7.2.1.2 Alternat
23、ely, cure for a total of 21 days as follows: (a)7 days at standard conditions above; (b) 7 days at 38 6 2C(100 6 3.6 F) and 95 % relative humidity; (c) 7 days atstandard conditions.7.2.1.3 The sealant manufacturer may request conditionsother than those specified provided the temperature does notexce
24、ed 50C (122F).7.2.2 Remove the casting spacers from the specimens aftercuring.7.2.2.1 During the second week of the curing period, makeattempts to free the compound from the casting spacer blocksat the ends and bottom without damaging the sealant bead.7.2.2.2 Separate the casting spacer blocks from
25、the sealantas soon as practical during the curing period without damagingthe sealant.7.3 Extend all specimens until the separation between thesubstrates provides the desired strain. Apply this strain at aminimum of 3 mm/h (18 in./h).7.4 When the specimens have reached their specifiedextension, block
26、 the specimens with the appropriate separatorand remove from the extension device/machine. Do not re-move separators for the duration of test.7.5 Place three test specimens in water (minimum of 0.33 L(0.09 gal) per specimen) at a specified temperature with thedefault being 23 6 2C. (73 6 4F). Ensure
27、 that the testspecimens are fully immersed.7.6 Leave three test specimens at standard conditions.7.7 Unless otherwise specified, record the length and widthof the adhesive and cohesive defects at 0, 24 and 168 h afterreaching the target strain at the standard conditions and waterimmersed conditions.
28、7.8 Record adhesive and cohesive defects observed of eachof the test specimens. Record the number, location, length anddepth of the defect to the nearest 1 mm (132 in.) and note if theyare adhesive or cohesive for each sample. Photographs areadvisable so that a future review can be made.8. Test Repo
29、rt8.1 Report the following information:TABLE 1 Suggested Strains for a 12.7-mm (0.50-in.) Wide Sealant Joint.Sealant MovementRatingDistance between panelsat 1 movement ratingDistance between panelsat 1.5 movement ratingDistance between panelsat 2 movement ratingDistance between panels at4 movement r
30、ating12.5 % 14.0 mm (0.55 in.) 14.7 mm (0.58 in.) 15.5 mm (0.61 in.) 19.0 mm (0.75 in.)25 % 15.5 mm (0.61 in.) 17.2 mm (0.68 in.) 19.0 mm (0.75 in.) 25.4 mm (1 in.)50 % 19.0 mm (0.75 in.) 21.8 mm (0.86 in.) 25.4 mm (1 in.) 38.1 mm (1.5 in.)100 % 25.4 mm (1 in.) 31.8 mm (1.25 in.) 38.1 mm (1.5 in.) 6
31、3.5 mm (2.5 in.)C1635 1428.1.1 Sealant used, color, manufacturers lot number andrated movement capability per Specification C920 as desig-nated by the manufacturer,8.1.2 Actual dimensions of the joint and configuration,8.1.3 Cleaning method,8.1.4 Description of the test substrate(s),8.1.5 Primer use
32、d,8.1.6 Curing method,8.1.7 Strain induced on the sealant during the test in % oforiginal joint width,8.1.8 Strain rate, and8.1.9 The immersion medium and temperature.8.1.10 Report the Nature of test effects observed, such asamount of adhesive or cohesive failure, deformation, bubbles,or other chara
33、cteristics, for each sample at 0, 24 and 168 h fordry and immersed samples.8.1.11 Deviations from standard conditions including sub-strates utilized, time of cure, use of primer, observations, andother deviations.9. Precision and Bias9.1 Precision and bias testing involved two round-robintesting stu
34、dies in five laboratories as noted below.39.1.1 The first study had five laboratories testing fivesealants.9.1.2 Results within a laboratory were repeatable within10 % and many of the results had no variation whatsoever. Ifthe sealant product adhered or did not adhere to the substrates,it did so con
35、sistently when fabricated by the same technician.9.1.3 Results from the first round robin showed that varia-tion between laboratories was up to 6100 %. However whenstudying the data carefully, it shows that two products in thefive laboratories were the source of the variation. Three of thefive produ
36、cts showed variation between laboratories of 610 %.This result was encouraging.9.1.4 The second round-robin test was initiated between thesame five laboratories using the two products that gave thelarge deviations between laboratories. The leadership of thetest laboratories met in Kansas City, Misso
37、uri, United States, inJune of 2004 to discuss the variations of technique that canhappen in each laboratory. The group decided to retest the twoproducts that were the source of the large variation and focuson laboratory technique.9.1.5 Results from the second study once again within asingle laborato
38、ry were repeatable within 10 % or less.9.1.6 Results between laboratories on one product testedwere repeatable within 10 % in all five laboratories. The otherproduct tested was repeatable within 10 % in four of fivelaboratories and varied by 100 % in the fifth laboratory.10. Keywords10.1 adhesion; a
39、dhesive defect; casting spacer; cohesion;cohesive defect; constant strain; immersion; primer; sealant;separator; standard conditions; substrateASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of th
40、is standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five ye
41、ars andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical commi
42、ttee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194
43、28-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C24-1055.C1635 143
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