1、Designation: C1701/C1701M 09C1701/C1701M 17Standard Test Method forInfiltration Rate of In Place Pervious Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1701/C1701M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the field water infiltration rate of in place pervious c
3、oncrete.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-confor
4、mance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior
5、to use.1.4 The text of this standard references notes that provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered asrequirements of the standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Deci
6、sion on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC920 Specification f
7、or Elastomeric Joint Sealants2.2 Other StandardsFederal Specification A-A-3110 (TT-P-1536A) Plumbing Fixture Setting Compound33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The terms used in this test method are defined in Terminology C125.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 An infiltration ring is temporarily sealed
8、 to the surface of a pervious pavement. After prewetting the test location, a givenmass of water is introduced into the ring and the time for the water to infiltrate the pavement is recorded. The infiltration rate iscalculated in accordance with 9.1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Tests performed at the
9、same location across a span of years may be used to detect a reduction of infiltration rate of thepervious concrete, thereby identifying the need for remediation.5.2 The infiltration rate obtained by this method is valid only for the localized area of the pavement where the test is conducted.To dete
10、rmine the infiltration rate of the entire pervious pavement multiple locations must be tested and the results averaged.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.49 onPervious Concrete.Cu
11、rrent edition approved Aug. 1, 2009March 1, 2017. Published September 2009April 2017. DOI: 10.1520/C1701_C1701M-09.Originally approved in 2009. Last previousedition approved in 2009 as C1701/C1701M 09 .DOI: 10.1520/C1701_C1701M-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org,
12、or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 http:/This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what c
13、hanges have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the of
14、ficial document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.3 The field infiltration rate is typically established by the design engineer of record and is a functi
15、on of the design precipitationevent.5.4 This test method does not measure the influence on in-place infiltration rate due to sealing of voids near the bottom of thepervious concrete slab. Visual inspection of concrete cores is the best approach for determining sealing of voids near the bottomof the
16、pervious concrete slab.6. Apparatus6.1 Infiltration RingA cylindrical ring, open at both ends (See Fig. 1). The ring shall be watertight, sufficiently rigid to retainits form when filled with water, and shall have a diameter of 300 6 10 mm 12.0 6 0.5 in. with a minimum height of 50 mm2.0 in. The bot
17、tom edge of the ring shall be even. The inner surface of the ring shall be marked or scored with two lines at adistance of 10 and 15 mm 0.40 and 0.60 in. from the bottom of the ring. Measure and record the inner diameter of the ring tothe nearest 1 mm 0.05 in.NOTE 1Ring materials that have been foun
18、d to be suitable include steel, aluminum, rigid plastic, and PVC.6.2 BalanceA balance or scale accurate to 10 g 0.02 lb.6.3 ContainerAcylindrical container typically made of plastic having a volume of at least 20 L 5 gal, and from which watermay be easily poured at a controlled rate into the infiltr
19、ation ring.6.4 Stop WatchAccurate to 0.1 s.6.5 Plumbers Putty (Non-Hardening)Meeting Specification C920 or Federal Specification A-A-3110.6.6 WaterPotable water.7. Test Locations7.1 Perform tests at multiple locations at a site as requested by the purchaser of testing services. Unless otherwise spec
20、ified, usethe following to determine the number of tests to perform:7.1.1 Three test locations for areas up to 2,500 m2 25,000 ft2.7.1.2 Add one test location for each additional 1,000 m2 10,000 ft2 or fraction thereof.7.2 Provide at least 1 m 3 ft clear distance between test locations, unless at le
21、ast 24 h have elapsed between tests.7.3 Do not test if there is standing water on top of the pervious concrete. Do not test within 24 h of the last precipitation.8. Procedure8.1 Infiltration Ring InstallationClean the pavement surface by only brooming off trash, debris, and other non-seated material
22、.Apply plumbers putty around the bottom edge of the ring and place the ring onto the pervious concrete surface being tested. Pressthe putty into the surface and around the bottom edge of the ring to create a watertight seal. Place additional putty as neededNOTE 2In a hot environment where the surfac
23、e temperature is over 38 C 100 F plumbers putty may not adhere to the concrete surface easily.Therefore it is advisable to perform this test during cooler temperature.8.2 PrewettingPour water into the ring at a rate sufficient to maintain a head between the two marked lines. Use a total of 3.606 0.0
24、5 kg 8.0 6 0.1 lb of water. Begin timing as soon as the water impacts the pervious concrete surface. Stop timing when freewater is no longer present on the pervious surface. Record the amount of elapsed time to the nearest 0.1 s.8.3 TestThe test shall be started within 2 min after the completion of
25、the prewetting. If the elapsed time in the prewetting stageis less than 30 s, then use a total of 18.00 6 0.05 kg 40.00 6 0.1 lb of water. If the elapsed time in the prewetting stage is greaterthan or equal to 30 s, then use a total of 3.60 6 0.05 kg 8.0 6 0.1 lb of water. Record the weight of water
26、 to the nearest 10 g0.02 lb (M). Pour the water into the ring at a rate sufficient to maintain a head between the two marked lines and until themeasured amount of water has been used. Begin timing as soon as the water impacts the pervious concrete surface. Stop timingwhen free water is no longer pre
27、sent on the pervious surface. Record the testing duration (t) to the nearest 0.1 s.NOTE 3If a sloped pavement is being measured, maintain head between the two marked lines at the lowest point of the slope.FIG. 1 Dimensions of Infiltration RingC1701/C1701M 1728.4 If a test is repeated at the same loc
28、ation, the repeat test does not require pre-wetting if conducted within 5 min aftercompletion of the first test. If more than one test is two tests are conducted at a location on a given day, the infiltration rate at thatlocation on that day shall be calculated as the average of the two tests. Do no
29、t repeat this test more than twiceNo more than twotests shall be conducted at the same location on a giventhe same day.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the infiltration rate (I) using consistent units as follows:I 5 KMD2*t!where:I 5 Infiltration rate, mm/h in./h#,M 5 Mass of infiltrated water, kg lb#,D 5
30、 Inside diameter of infiltration ring, mm in.#,t 5 time required for measured amount of water to infiltrate the concrete, s, andK 5 4583 666 000 in SI units or 126 870 in inch-pound# units.NOTE 4The factor K has units of (mm3s)/(kgh) (in.3s)/(lbh) and is needed to convert the recorded data (W,D, and
31、 t) to the infiltration rate I inmm/h in./h.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Identification number,10.1.2 Location,10.1.3 Date of test,10.1.4 Age and thickness of concrete (label Unknown if not known),10.1.5 Time elapsed during prewetting, s,10.1.6 Amount of rain during last ev
32、ent, if known, mm in.,10.1.7 Weight of infiltrated water, kg lb,10.1.8 Inside diameter of infiltration ring, mm in.,10.1.9 Time elapsed during infiltration test, s,10.1.10 Infiltration rate, mm/h in./h, and10.1.11 Number of tests performed at each location, if applicable.11. Precision and Bias11.1 R
33、epeatability testing was performed by a single laboratory by making 2 replicate measurements at three locations on anewly placed pervious concrete pavement. The replicate measurements were repeated daily from day 1 to day 10. Thesingle-operator coefficient of variation of the infiltration rate at on
34、e test location was found to be 4.7 %.11.2 The multi-operator variability data has not been developed. The reproducibility of this test method is being determined andwill be available on or before October 1, 2014.11.3 This test method has no bias because the infiltration rate of in-place pervious co
35、ncrete is defined only in terms of this testmethod.12. Keywords12.1 concrete; infiltration; pervious; waterC1701/C1701M 173SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1701/C1701M09) that may impact the use of this standard. (
36、Approved March 1, 2017.)(1) Revised 8.4 to clarify that no more than two tests can be conducted at the same location on any given day.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standa
37、rd are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif
38、 not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, whic
39、h you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,Un
40、ited States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 174
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