1、Designation: C1701/C1701M 17C1701/C1701M 17aStandard Test Method forInfiltration Rate of In Place Pervious Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1701/C1701M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the field water infiltration rate of in place pervious concre
3、te.NOTE 1For permeable unit pavement systems, Test Method C1781/C1781M should be used. Test Method C1781/C1781M is functionally identicalto this test method but includes added provisions for positioning and securing the test ring to a discontinuous surface. Both tests methods give comparableresults1
4、.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance wit
5、h the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.
6、4 The text of this standard references notes that provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered asrequirements of the standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on P
7、rinciples for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC920 Specification for Elasto
8、meric Joint SealantsC1781/C1781M Test Method for Surface Infiltration Rate of Permeable Unit Pavement Systems2.2 Other StandardsFederal Specification A-A-3110 (TT-P-1536A) Plumbing Fixture Setting Compound33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The terms used in this test method are defined in Terminol
9、ogy C125.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 An infiltration ring is temporarily sealed to the surface of a pervious pavement. After prewetting the test location, a givenmass of water is introduced into the ring and the time for the water to infiltrate the pavement is recorded. The infiltration rate iscalc
10、ulated in accordance with 9.1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Tests performed at the same location across a span of years may be used to detect a reduction of infiltration rate of thepervious concrete, thereby identifying the need for remediation.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commi
11、ttee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.49 onPervious Concrete.Current edition approved March 1, 2017March 15, 2017. Published April 2017May 2017. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 20092017 asC1701/C1701M 0917 .DO
12、I: 10.1520/C1701_C1701M-17.10.1520/C1701_C1701M-17A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 http:/T
13、his document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior edit
14、ions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959
15、. United States15.2 The infiltration rate obtained by this method is valid only for the localized area of the pavement where the test is conducted.To determine the infiltration rate of the entire pervious pavement multiple locations must be tested and the results averaged.5.3 The field infiltration
16、rate is typically established by the design engineer of record and is a function of the design precipitationevent.5.4 This test method does not measure the influence on in-place infiltration rate due to sealing of voids near the bottom of thepervious concrete slab. Visual inspection of concrete core
17、s is the best approach for determining sealing of voids near the bottomof the pervious concrete slab.6. Apparatus6.1 Infiltration RingA cylindrical ring, open at both ends (See Fig. 1). The ring shall be watertight, sufficiently rigid to retainits form when filled with water, and shall have a diamet
18、er of 300 6 10 mm 12.0 6 0.5 in. with a minimum height of 50 mm2.0 in. The bottom edge of the ring shall be even. The inner surface of the ring shall be marked or scored with two lines at adistance of 10 and 15 mm 0.40 and 0.60 in. from the bottom of the ring. Measure and record the inner diameter o
19、f the ring tothe nearest 1 mm 0.05 in.NOTE 2Ring materials that have been found to be suitable include steel, aluminum, rigid plastic, and PVC.6.2 BalanceA balance or scale accurate to 10 g 0.020.05 kg 0.1 lb.6.3 ContainerAcylindrical container typically made of plastic having a volume of at least 2
20、0 L 5 gal, and from which watermay be easily poured at a controlled rate into the infiltration ring.6.4 Stop WatchAccurate to 0.1 s.6.5 Plumbers Putty (Non-Hardening)Meeting Specification C920 or Federal Specification A-A-3110.6.6 WaterPotable water.7. Test Locations7.1 Perform tests at multiple loc
21、ations at a site as requested by the purchaser of testing services. Unless otherwise specified, usethe following to determine the number of tests to perform:7.1.1 Three test locations for areas up to 2,500 m2 25,000 ft2.7.1.2 Add one test location for each additional 1,000 m2 10,000 ft2 or fraction
22、thereof.7.2 Provide at least 1 m 3 ft clear distance between test locations, unless at least 24 h have elapsed between tests.7.3 Do not test if there is standing water on top of the pervious concrete. Do not test within 24 h of the last precipitation.8. Procedure8.1 Infiltration Ring InstallationCle
23、an the pavement surface by only brooming off trash, debris, and other non-seated material.Apply plumbers putty around the bottom edge of the ring and place the ring onto the pervious concrete surface being tested. Pressthe putty into the surface and around the bottom edge of the ring to create a wat
24、ertight seal. Place additional putty as neededNOTE 3In a hot environment where the surface temperature is over 38 C 100 F plumbers putty may not adhere to the concrete surface easily.Therefore it is advisable to perform this test during cooler temperature.8.2 PrewettingPour water into the ring at a
25、rate sufficient to maintain a head between the two marked lines. Use a total of 3.606 0.05 kg 8.0 6 0.1 lb of water. Begin timing as soon as the water impacts the pervious concrete surface. Stop timing when freewater is no longer present on the pervious surface. Record the amount of elapsed time to
26、the nearest 0.1 s.8.3 TestThe test shall be started within 2 min after the completion of the prewetting. If the elapsed time in the prewetting stageis less than 30 s, then use a total of 18.00 6 0.050.25 kg 40.0040.0 6 0.10.5 lb of water. If the elapsed time in the prewettingstage is greater than or
27、 equal to 30 s, then use a total of 3.60 6 0.05 kg 8.0 6 0.1 lb of water. Record the weight of water tothe nearest 10 g 0.02 lb (M). 0.05 kg 0.1 lb. Pour the water intoonto the ring at a rate sufficient to maintain a head betweenFIG. 1 Dimensions of Infiltration RingC1701/C1701M 17a2the two marked l
28、ines and until the measured amount of water has been used. Begin timing as soon as the water impacts the perviousconcretepermeable pavement surface. Stop timing when free water is no longer present on the pervious surface. Record the testingduration (t)(t) to the nearest 0.1 s.NOTE 4If a sloped pave
29、ment is being measured, maintain head between the two marked lines at the lowest point of the slope.8.4 If a test is repeated at the same location, the repeat test does not require pre-wetting if conducted within 5 min aftercompletion of the first test. If two tests are conducted at a location on a
30、given day, the infiltration rate at that location on that dayshall be calculated as the average of the two tests. No more than two tests shall be conducted at the same location on the sameday.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the infiltration rate (I) using consistent units as follows:I 5 KMD2*t!where:I 5
31、 Infiltration rate, mm/h in./h#,M 5 Mass of infiltrated water, kg lb#,D 5 Inside diameter of infiltration ring, mm in.#,t 5 time required for measured amount of water to infiltrate the concrete, s, andK 5 4583 666 000 in SI units or 126 870 in inch-pound# units.NOTE 5The factor K has units of (mm3s)
32、/(kgh) (in.3s)/(lbh) and is needed to convert the recorded data (W,D, and t) to the infiltration rate I inmm/h in./h.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Identification number,10.1.2 Location,10.1.3 Date of test,10.1.4 Age and thickness of concrete (label Unknown if not known),10.1
33、.5 Time elapsed during prewetting, s,10.1.6 Amount of rain during last event, if known, mm in.,10.1.7 Weight of infiltrated water, kg lb,10.1.8 Inside diameter of infiltration ring, mm in.,10.1.9 Time elapsed during infiltration test, s,10.1.10 Infiltration rate, mm/h in./h, and10.1.11 Number of tes
34、ts performed at each location, if applicable.11. Precision and Bias11.1 Repeatability testing was performed by a single laboratory by making 2 replicate measurements at three locations on anewly placed pervious concrete pavement. The replicate measurements were repeated daily from day 1 to day 10. T
35、hesingle-operator coefficient of variation of the infiltration rate at one test location was found to be 4.7 %.11.2 The multi-operator variability data has not been developed. The reproducibility of this test method is being determined andwill be available on or before October 1, 2014.11.3 This test
36、 method has no bias because the infiltration rate of in-place pervious concrete is defined only in terms of this testmethod.12. Keywords12.1 concrete; infiltration; pervious; waterC1701/C1701M 17a3SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since
37、the last issue(C1701/C1701M09)17) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved March 1,15, 2017.)(1) Note 1 was added to 1.1 to give guidance on testing permeable unit pavement systems.(2) Revised 8.46.2 and 8.3 to clarify that no more than two tests can be conducted at the same location on a
38、ny given day.requirethe accuracy of the balance and the weight measurements to be to the nearest 0.05 kg 0.1lb.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advise
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