1、Designation: C1710 16Standard Guide forInstallation of Flexible Closed Cell Preformed Insulation inTube and Sheet Form1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1710; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers recommended installation techniquesfor flexible closed cell pre-formed insulation in tube or
3、sheetform. This guide is applicable to materials manufactured inaccordance with Specification C534 (Elastomeric based insu-lation) or Specification C1427 (polyolefin based insulation).The materials covered in this guide encompass a servicetemperature of 297 to 300F (183 to 150C) as indicated inthe m
4、aterial specifications referenced above. Many of therecommendations made are specific to below ambient applica-tions only.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to optimize the thermalperformance and longevity of installed closed cell flexibleinsulation systems. By following this guide, the owner, anddesi
5、gner can expect to achieve the energy savings expected andprevention of condensation under the specified design condi-tions. This document is limited to installation procedures anddoes not encompass system design.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values giv
6、en in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish
7、appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC534 Specification for Preformed Flexible Elastomeric Cel-lular Thermal Insulation in Sheet and T
8、ubular FormC585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of ThermalInsulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and TubingC1427 Specification for Extruded Preformed Flexible Cel-lular Polyolefin Thermal Insulation in Sheet and TubularForm2.2 Other Standards:National Commerical, Industrial Insulation Standards
9、(MICA Manual)3ASHRAE Handbook (Fundamentals Chapter 26)4ASHRAE Handbook (Refrigeration Chapter 33)43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology C168 shall be considered asapplying to the terms in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 seamsLongitudinal or horizontal
10、cross-sectionswhere insulation meets and must be adhered to itself or othersystem components.3.2.2 butt jointsCross-sections where two pieces of tubu-lar or sheet insulation must be adhered to itself or other systemcomponents.3.2.3 vapor (water) stopsLocations / methods to preventwater or water vapo
11、r from traveling from one pipe insulationsection to an adjacent insulation and prevent water travelingdown the annular space between the pipe insulation and thetubular pipe.3.2.4 sleeving/multi layeringApplying another layer ofinsulation over the first layer. This process is used when theinsulation
12、thickness required is greater than that which iscommercially available. This technique is also employed whenproper installation practice requires multiple layers and orstaggered joint application, even if a single layer thickness isavailable.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C1
13、6 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 on InsulationSystems.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1710 15.DOI:10.1520/C1710-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visi
14、t the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from MICA(Midwest Insulation ContractorsAssociation) 16712 ElmCircle, Omaha, NE 68130.
15、 http:/www.micainsulation.org.4Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA30329, http:/www.ashrae.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
16、United States14. Summary of Guide4.1 Proper insulation thickness shall be installed as specifiedand not compromised. The integrity of the insulation systemshall be maintained throughout the application. Never pull orstretch insulation, always push or over-size insulation.4.2 All seams, butt joints,
17、cutouts and termination pointsshall be sealed with a manufacturers approved adhesive toprevent air/moisture intrusion. For below ambient applications,install vapor stops at all insulation terminations orinterruptions, such as at supports, valves and flanges This canbe accomplished by several methods
18、; by adhering the insula-tion directly to the pipe using a 2 in. (50 mm) strip of contactadhesive or sealant to maintain closure, insulation tape can alsobe used for this purpose by wrapping it around the pipe. Avapor barrier mastic or tape can also be used for this purpose.On straight runs, install
19、 vapor stops every 18 ft (5.4 m) tominimize moisture problems if they occur.4.3 Specific product Manufacturers recommended instal-lation practices shall be used in all cases.4.4 Product should be applied to clean, dry surfaces. If thesystem is operating, additional steps may be needed to insure apro
20、per installation.4.5 A coating, jacket, cladding or appropriate protectionshall be used where mechanical abuse or damage is expected.Outdoor applications may require special consideration referto the manufacturers recommendations.4.6 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protec-tive vapor
21、 retarders/barriers and vapor stops must be used onhigh relative humidity and below ambient temperature appli-cations to reduce movement of moisture through or around theinsulation to the colder interior surface.5. Significance and Use5.1 This guide applies to flexible closed cell insulationtubing a
22、nd sheet materials manufactured according to Specifi-cations C534 and C1427. This standard is intended to providea basic guide for installing these types of materials.5.2 Confirm application use temperature is consistent withspecified use temperature for material as defined in ASTMSpecifications unl
23、ess otherwise agreed upon with the manufac-turer. There are different grades for each of the insulation typesreferred to in this guide, material and grade installed should bethat specified.5.3 This guide is not intended to cover all aspects associatedwith installation for all applications, consult t
24、he National,Commercial Industrial Insulation Standards (MICAManual) orthe specific product manufacturer for recommendations, orboth. (See ASHRAE Handbook (Fundamentals Chapter 26)and ASHRAE Handbook (Refrigeration Chapter 33)6. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance6.1 The insulation shall have no visib
25、le defects that willadversely affect its performance or appearance. Materials shallbe kept clean and dry until used. Use good quality tools at alltimes. Ensure cleanliness of insulation products, pipe work,vessels, fittings and tools. Avoid dust, dirt, oil or water onsurfaces and equipment. It is re
26、commended to apply insulationto a system which is not in operation. If insulation must beapplied to a system that is operating, special precautions mustbe taken to prevent condensation from being trapped in theinsulation envelope. Never stretch insulation to fit. Specifieddimensions for the inner di
27、ameter (ID) and wall thickness shallbe adhered to.7. Dimensional Tolerances7.1 Dimensions for the ID, wall and length shall conform totolerances published by the manufacturer and or applicableASTM standards, for example Specifications C534 and C1427and Practice C585 can be used to determine the oute
28、r diameterof the insulation for sizing jacketing and fitting dimensions.8. General Installation Recommendations8.1 All seams, butt joints, cut outs and termination pointsshould be sealed with a manufacturers approved system.External taping of seams is not recommended as an exclusivemethod of sealing
29、 joints or seams for below ambient systems.Approved adhesives can be: contact adhesives, spray adhesivesor pressure sensitive adhesives. Water based adhesives are notrecommended because of their slow drying time which causesthem to pull apart. Adhesives should be applied according tomanufacturers re
30、commendations. A thinner layer of adhesiveis best, with 100 % coverage on both surfaces. Always keepadhesives stirred thoroughly.Allow solvents to dissipate beforecombining two surfaces. This will be determined by time,temperature and adhesive type. Ensure all seams are aligned,tight, and are comple
31、tely sealed.8.2 The specified insulation thickness should be maintainedthroughout the installation. When using unslit tubular insula-tion on pipe work being installed, the insulation should beslid/pushed on the pipe, never pulled as this will stretch andthin the insulation. The insulation is not to
32、be stretched to fit.All insulation should be installed under slight compression toensure a snug fit.Accommodations need to be made to preventthe insulation from being compressed by weight; that is, pipehangers. For applications where the pipe work is alreadyinstalled, the insulation must be slit and
33、 adhesive applied orpre-slit/pre-glued insulation used.8.3 Install insulation on systems that are dry, at roomtemperature and already pressure tested.8.4 Use miter boxes or templates for making accurate cuts.See Fig. 1. Keep to correct dimensions. Do not cut theinsulation short and stretch it to fit
34、 the space.8.5 Slide insulation on straight piping runs whenever pos-sible to reduce seams. If insulation must be slit to apply topiping, slit in a straight line. On large ID insulation where thematerial may be oval shaped, slit along the flat side (top orbottom) not along the edge for a better fitt
35、ing seam. Refer to8.2.9. Hazards9.1 Use good quality tools and keep working area andmaterials clean. Keep cutting tools sharp. Recommend non-serrated edged steel knife which can be sharpened.C1710 1629.2 Use appropriate protective equipment, that is. Safetyglasses and safe practices when installing
36、the material.9.3 Provide suitable ventilation when working with solventbased adhesives.10. Recommendations for Specific Installation Situations10.1 Straight Pipe Section unjoinedSlide insulationalong the pipe work for straight runs. Seal all butt joints, cutouts and termination points. See Fig. 2.10
37、.1.1 Slit tube in a straight line (Fig. 3).Apply a thin brushcoat of contact adhesive to each seam. Slip the insulation overthe pipe. Allow adhesive to properly set and press seamstogether at each end working toward the center. Seal all buttjoints, cut outs and termination points with adhesive.10.1.
38、2 Use pre-slit/pre-glued insulation. (Insulation pre-slitwith factory applied pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). SeeFig. 4. Be sure application temperature and manufacturersinstallation temperature recommendations are adhered to.10.2 FittingsThere are many types of fittings; pipefittings, screwed fi
39、ttings etc. See Fig. 5.NOTE 1As an alternative to field fabricated fittings, factory manufac-tured fittings are available for many configurations.10.2.1 Fabricate 90 elbows from straight tubing. Cut theinsulation at 45 angle. Reverse the pieces by 180 to eachother. See Fig. 6. Apply contact adhesive
40、 to both faces andpress firmly together when properly set. Slit open the formedbend by cutting through the throat or heel of fitting. Applybrush coat of contact adhesive to both longitudinal seams of theFIG. 1 USE Miter Box For Making CutsFIG. 2 Apply Adhesive to all Butt Joints Installed/Existing P
41、ipe WorkC1710 163fabricated fitting. Place over bend and press seams firmlytogether. See Fig. 7. Fabricate 45s in a similar manner.10.2.2 Optional (but not optimal) MethodSlide insulationaround 90. The product should be pushed, not pulled aroundthe 90. Although sliding the insulation around a 90 is
42、atechnique that is used in the field, it is not recommended as theinsulation thickness will be compromised (thinned) and con-densation may occur on the outside edge as a result.10.2.3 TeeFabricate tee by cutting a V notch (45; cut)from straight section. Cut end of adjoining piece at 45 angleto fit i
43、nto notch of section above. Apply contact adhesive to allcut faces, when properly dried, press fit insulation sectionsfirmly together. Slit open the completed fitting section, applycontact adhesive to all exposed insulation wall faces, placecover over tee when adhesive is properly set and apply pres
44、sureto bond the fitting insulation. See Fig. 8.10.2.4 ValvesIn all cases, insulate as close to the fitting orvalve as possible with straight tubing. Then insulate over oraround the fitting or valve by sleeving appropriately sizedinsulation or flat sheet over the straight sections to create thecorrec
45、t build up of insulation. Seal all cutouts by adhering theinsulation (with contact adhesive) to the pipe or body beinginsulated to reduce air (with moisture) or condensation intru-sion into the system. See Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.10.3 Large Diameter PipeLarge diameter pipe can beinsulated with flat sheet.
46、 Refer to Fig. 10. Determine circum-ference of pipe (circumference = diameter + 1 in. (25mm). Cut sheet to fit the circumference of pipe. Apply brushcoat of contact adhesive to all insulation edges to be joined andsealed. Place insulation around pipe and firmly press seamstogether starting from the
47、ends and working toward the center.Apply adhesive to butt ends and press adjoining straightinsulation sections to fitting cover. On large pipe 12 in. (30 cm)or greater apply adhesive to the bottom13 of pipe to adhereinsulation to pipe to prevent any sagging of insulation. Sheetcan also be used to fa
48、bricate large diameter elbows and otherfittings.10.4 Brazed FittingsWhen brazing pipe joints or fittings,ease insulation back along the pipe by 12 in. (30 cm) on eachside of joint and restrain with clamps. When the brazed jointhas fully cooled, apply a brush coat of adhesive to butt ends,when proper
49、ly set press joints together. See Fig. 11.10.5 Pipe Hangers and Other Pressure PointsPipe hang-ers or pressure points create a situation where the insulationcan be compressed. Various techniques can be used to alleviatethe insulation from being compressed. Historically load bear-ing materials such as wooden dowels can be used to form atripod (load bearing) to lift the pipe off the insulation. See Fig.12. Hanger insulation supports also known as Saddles can beused to spread the weight of the pipe over a large area and tocompensate
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