ASTM C1763-2014 Standard Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion of Thermal Insulation Materials《保温材料沉浸的吸水性的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: C1763 14Standard Test Method forWater Absorption by Immersion of Thermal InsulationMaterials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1763; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r

2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method determines the amount of water re-tained (excluding surface water) by flat specimens of thermalinsulations

3、after these materials have been fully immersed inliquid water for a prescribed time interval under isothermalconditions. This test method is intended to be used for thecharacterization of materials in the laboratory. It is not intendedto simulate any particular environmental condition potentiallyenc

4、ountered in building construction applications.1.2 This test method does not address all the possiblemechanisms of water intake and retention and related phenom-ena for thermal insulations. It relates only to those conditionsoutlined in 1.1. Determination of moisture accumulation inthermal insulatio

5、ns due to partial immersion, water vaportransmission, internal condensation, freeze-thaw cycling, or acombination of these effects requires different test procedures.1.3 This test method does not address or attempt to quantifythe drainage characteristics of materials.1.4 The values stated in either

6、SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 This standard d

7、oes not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Material And Specimen Character

8、istics that canInfluence Results2.1 The apparent water absorption measured by this testmethod is dependent on the surface to volume ratio of thesample and time of immersion. As such, comparisons betweenProcedures A, B, and, C cannot be made. Cracks in thespecimens and rough surfaces can increase the

9、 apparent waterabsorption.2.2 Some materials tend to collect water on surfaces or totrap water in corners and, if not removed, will give incorrectresults.2.3 Materials that change or react with water can haveincreased (or decreased) apparent water absorption and are notsuitable for use with this met

10、hod. 12.5.1 provides a method forensuring the specimen has not been physically or chemicallyaltered in a way that would invalidate the measurement. Usethis method in cases of dispute.3. Referenced Documents3.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC303 Test Method for Dimens

11、ions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Ma-terialsC1134 Test Method for Water Retention of Rigid ThermalInsulations Following Partial ImmersionE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE6

12、91 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method4. Terminology4.1 DefinitionsTerminology C168 applies to terms used inthis test method.5. Summary of Test Method5.1 Test specimens are conditioned and then immersed inwater for a prescribed amount of time.

13、The amount of waterabsorbed is determined by the weight increase in the speci-mens.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C16 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on InsulationFinishes and Moisture.Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Pu

14、blished July 2014. DOI: 10.1520/C176314.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM Intern

15、ational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Significance and Use6.1 This test method provides a means of measuring thewater absorption of flat specimens of thermal insulationmaterials under isothermal conditions as a result of directimmersion in li

16、quid water. It is intended for quality control andproduct and material specifications.6.2 The procedure to be used: A, B, or C as well as anyexceptions shall be noted in material specifications citing thistest method.6.3 Repeatability has been established only for one type andsize of material at one

17、 immersion duration.NOTE 1Specifications referring to this test method are encouraged toestablish repeatability for specific materials, immersion duration, anddimensions for inclusion in this test method.7. Apparatus7.1 Temperature measuring deviceSuch as a thermometer,graduated in Celsius or Fahren

18、heit degrees with at least 1C(2F) sensitivity.7.2 Balance, accurate to 0.1g.7.3 Immersion PanA pan or vessel of width and length atleast 50 mm (2 in.) larger than the dimensions of the specimenwidth and length, and of a depth at least 50 mm (2 in.) greaterthan the specimen thickness.7.4 Timing devic

19、e, such as stopwatch or timer capable of61% of the required immersion duration.7.4.1 Specimen Supports and ConstraintsIncluded in theconstruction of the immersion pan shall be a means forsecuring the specimens in a level position, that is, a noncorro-sive support for the bottom surface of the specim

20、ens and asimilar constraining device for the top surface for buoyantmaterials. The support and constraining devices shall notcontact more than 15 % of the specimen surfaces. The spacebetween the support and the bottom of the pan shall be not lessthan 5 mm (0.2 in.). The pressure exerted on the speci

21、mens bythe constraining device for the top surface shall be limited tothat required to counteract any buoyant force exerted by thespecimens at the beginning of the test. Stainless steel is anacceptable support and weight material. An example of asuitable constraining device is a 6.4 mm. (0.25 in.) m

22、esh rigidstainless steel screen.8. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units8.1 Number of specimens, dimensions, and dimension tol-erance of the test specimen or specimens shall be stated in thematerial specification to follow one of the following proce-dures:8.2 Procedure A:8.2.1 Test specimens shal

23、l be 152 6 3 mm long, 89 6 3mmwide, and 51 6 3 mm thick (6 618 in. long, 312 618 in. wide,and 2 618 in. thick)8.2.2 A minimum of two test specimens are required.8.2.3 Immersion time shall be a minimum of 48 h.8.2.4 The specimen shall be weighed immediately after theremoval of surface water.8.3 Proce

24、dure B:8.3.1 Test specimens shall be 305 6 3by3056 3mm(12by 12 in.) with all four edges trimmed square and thicknessrepresentative of manufactured product.8.3.2 One specimen from each of three boards shall betested.8.3.3 Immersion time shall be 2 h.8.3.4 The specimen shall be drained by placing on e

25、nd for10 min.8.4 Procedure C:8.4.1 Test specimens shall be 305 6 3by3056 3mmby25 mm thick. (12 by 12 in. by 1 in. thick.)8.4.2 Three specimens shall be tested.8.4.3 Immersion time shall be 24 h.8.4.4 The specimen shall be shaken vigorously thenweighed immediately after the removal of surface water.N

26、OTE 2Procedure A is typically used for perlite block insulation.NOTE 3Procedure B is typically used for cellulosic fiber insulatingboard and polyisocyanurate thermal insulation board.NOTE 4Procedure C is typically used for polystyrene thermal insula-tion board.9. Preparation of Apparatus9.1 Fill the

27、 immersion pan with distilled, deionized watersufficient to maintain a 25 mm (1 in.) head of water over thesample surface at all times during the test.9.2 Allow the water to reach a steady temperature of 23 61C (73 6 2F).10. Calibration and Standardization10.1 All measuring equipment shall have cali

28、bration certifi-cates that are current at the time of use of the equipment.11. Conditioning11.1 Pre-condition per Test Method C870. Additionalconditioning, such as heat-soaking, shall be performed asrequired by the material specification.12. Procedure12.1 Measure test specimen dimensions and calcula

29、te den-sity per Test Method C303. Weigh each specimen to the nearest0.1 g. This weight is the pre-immersion weight, W1.12.2 The selection of Procedure A, B, or C, including theirproscribed sample size and duration of immersion, shall bestated in the material or product specification.12.3 Submerge ea

30、ch specimen horizontally in the pan under25 6 2mm(16 0.1 in.) of distilled, deionized water.Specimens shall be placed on the sample supports described in7.4.1. For buoyant materials, the specimen constraints de-scribed in 7.4.1 shall be used. If necessary, add distilled,deionized water at 23 6 1C (7

31、3 6 2F) to ensure that thespecimens are immersed to the required depth.12.4 During the test, the immersion pan shall remain in anenvironment with a temperature of 23 6 2C (73 6 4F).12.5 Remove the specimens from the water, drain as re-quired in procedure B or C, then remove any excess surfacewater b

32、y light blotting with a paper towel not to exceed twoC1763 142seconds per surface. Non-rigid materials shall be supported fordraining in a rack such as described in Test Method C1134, Fig.2 and 3, with solid contact between the rack and specimen lessthan 15% in surface area.After draining and remova

33、l of surfacewater, immediately weigh each specimen to the nearest 0.1 g.This weight is the weight after immersion, W2.12.5.1 Some insulation materials are either friable or reac-tive with water or both as described in 2.3. In cases of dispute,the following procedure shall be performed. After waterab

34、sorption testing, the specimens shall be dried in a dryingoven at 50 6 2C (120 6 5F). The specimens shall beconditioned until constant mass is achieved. Constant mass isreached when consecutive weighings of the test specimens,taken at a minimum of 2 h apart, result in a weight change ofnot more than

35、 0.2 %. The final specimen weight must not differfrom the initial specimen weight by more than 5%. Thepurpose of this final requirement is to ensure the specimen hasnot undergone physical changes (such as breakage) or chemicalchanges that would invalidate the measurement.13. Calculation or Interpret

36、ation of Results13.1 Definitions of Symbols:t = specimen height, cm (in.)l = specimen length, cm (in.)w = specimen width, cm (in.)V = specimen volume, cm3(in.3)W1= pre-immersion weight of the specimen, g.W2= specimen weight after immersion, draining the details are given in ASTM ResearchReport No. R

37、R:C16-1042.315.1.1 Repeatability limit (r)Two test results obtainedwithin one laboratory shall be judged not equivalent if theydiffer by more than the “r” value for that material; “r”istheinterval representing the critical difference between two testresults for the same material, obtained by the sam

38、e operatorusing the same equipment on the same day in the samelaboratory.15.1.2 Repeatability limits are listed in Tables 1-3.15.1.3 Reproducibility limit (R)Two test results shall bejudged not equivalent if they differ by more than the “R” valuefor that material; “R” is the interval representing th

39、e criticaldifference between two test results for the same material,obtained by different operators using different equipment indifferent laboratories.15.1.4 Reproducibility limits cannot be calculated from asingle laboratorys results.15.1.5 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibility

40、limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.15.1.6 Any judgment in accordance with statements 15.1.1and 15.1.2 would normally have an approximate 95 % prob-ability of being correct, however the precision statistics ob-tained in this ILS must not be treated as exact mathematicalquantities which are

41、 applicable to all circumstances and uses.The limited number of laboratories reporting replicate resultsguarantees that there will be times when differences greaterthan predicted by the ILS results will arise, sometimes withconsiderably greater or smaller frequency than the 95 %probability limit wou

42、ld imply. Consider the repeatability limitas a general guide, and the associated probability of 95 % asonly a rough indicator of what can be expected.3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C16-1042. ContactASTM Customer

43、Service at serviceastm.org.TABLE 1 Board PCFMaterial Average RepeatabilityStandardDeviationRepeatabilityLimitxsrrSpecimen 1 1.9258 0.0131 0.0367Specimen 2 1.9082 0.0081 0.0227Specimen 3 1.9725 0.0184 0.0515C1763 14315.2 The precision statement was determined through sta-tistical examination of 27 re

44、sults; three (3) measurements eachon three (3) specimens for density, weight gain, and waterabsorption, from a single laboratory, on 2 in. thick polyisocya-nurate foam insulation boards of dimensions 6 by 6 in. with anaverage density of 2.2 pcf (pounds per cubic foot). Immersiontime was 2 h.15.3 Bia

45、sNo information can be presented on the bias ofthe Procedure B for measuring weight gain and water absorp-tion because no material having an accepted reference value isavailable.16. Keywords16.1 immersion; rigid thermal insulation; thermal insula-tion; water absorption; water retentionASTM Internati

46、onal takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely thei

47、r own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should b

48、e addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standard

49、s, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 64