1、Designation: C1803 15Standard Guide forAbrasion Resistance of Mortar Surfaces Using a RotaryPlatform Abraser1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1803; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to assist in establishing proce-dures for determining the relative abrasion resistance of treatedo
3、r untreated mortar surfaces.1.2 This guide utilizes the rotary platform abraser, whichgenerates a combination of rolling and rubbing to cause wearto the specimen surface. Wear can be quantified as cycles to aspecific end-point. Other commonly used evaluations arepresented in Appendix X1 and include
4、mass loss, wear index,or volume loss.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.NOTE 1Other procedures used to measure abrasion resistance ofconcrete surfaces include Test Methods C418, C779/C779M, C944/C944M, and C1138
5、M. Other methods that reference the rotary platformabraser and may be of interest include Specification C744 and TestMethods C1353, D4060 and F510.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this sta
6、ndard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Usi
7、ng 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete bySandblastingC744 Specification for Prefaced Concrete and Calcium Sili-cate Masonry UnitsC779/C779M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Hori-zontal C
8、oncrete SurfacesC944/C944M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Con-crete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter MethodC1138M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete(Underwater Method)C1353 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of DimensionStone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Pl
9、atformAbraserD4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by the Taber AbraserD6532 Test Method for Evaluation of the Effect of ClearWater Repellent Treatments on Water Absorption of Hy-draulic Cement Mortar SpecimensF510 Test Method for Resistance to Abrasion of ResilientFloor Cover
10、ings Using an Abrader with a Grit FeedMethodG195 Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a RotaryPlatform Abraser3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer toTerminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Guide:3.2.1 abraser, nan instrument desig
11、ned to determine theresistance of surfaces to abrasion, also referred to as an abrader.3.2.1.1 DiscussionFor the rotary platform abraser used inthis guide, abrasion is produced by a combined action ofrolling and rubbing.3.2.2 abrasion cycle, none complete rotation of the speci-men turntable platform
12、.3.2.3 resurface, vthe procedure of refreshing the runningsurface of an abrasive wheel.4. Summary of Guide4.1 Abrasion resistance of a treated or untreated mortarsurface is determined by subjecting a specimen to rotaryrubbing action under controlled conditions of pressure andabrasive action. The tes
13、t specimen, mounted on a turntable1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete andConcrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.62 onAbrasion Testing.Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published September 2015. DOI:10.1520/C1803-15.2For refer
14、enced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
15、Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1platform, turns on a vertical axis, against the sliding rotation oftwo abrading wheels. One abrading wheel rubs the specimenoutward toward the periphery and the other, inward toward thecenter while a vacuum system removes wear debris generatedduring the tes
16、t. The resulting abrasion marks form a pattern ofcrossed arcs in a circular wear path that is 12.7 mm wide,whose inner diameter is located 31.75 mm from the center ofthe specimen, and covers an area of approximately 30 cm2.Unless otherwise agreed upon between the interested parties,specimens are sub
17、jected to 200 cycles or 1000 cycles with theabrading wheels being cleaned with a stiff bristle brush afterevery 50 cycles. The effectiveness of a treatment involvescomparing treated specimens to control (untreated) specimensusing the same mortar, method of preparation, and curingregimen. Resistance
18、to abrasion is evaluated by various means,which are described in Section 11 and Appendix X1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Wear on mortar surfaces can be generated by a numberof factors including skidding, scraping or sliding of objects onthe surface, foot and tire traffic. This guide provides a means t
19、oquantify the abrasion resistance of treated or untreated mortarsand other similar products.5.1.1 This guide can be used to determine the effectivenessof fluid applied hardeners, densifiers and sealers by comparisonwith untreated control specimens.5.1.2 This guide can be used with other test methods
20、 todetermine the effectiveness of surface treatments after abra-sion. For example, Test Method D6532 can be used to evaluatethe effectiveness of clear water repellents on hydraulic cementmortar specimens based on water absorption after watersoaking, by testing the specimen prior to abrasion and afte
21、r thespecimen has been subjected to abrasion.5.2 This guide may be useful for acceptance testing of amortar surface, and it can be used to evaluate the effects ofprocessing variables such as substrate preparation beforetreatment, surface texture, treatment application variables, andcuring regimen.5.
22、3 Results may be used to correlate with in-placeperformance, for comparative rating of the performance ofalternative materials, or for comparison among treated anduntreated surfaces. The resistance of material surfaces toabrasion, as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory, isgenerally only
23、one of several factors contributing to wearperformance as experienced in the actual use of the material.Other factors may need to be considered in any calculation ofpredicted life from specific abrasion data.5.4 The resistance of mortar to abrasion may be affected byfactors including test conditions
24、, type of abradant, pressurebetween the specimen and abradant, selection of mortar-making materials (mixture proportions, curing and finishingprocedures), and type, kind, or amount of treatment materials.5.5 Abrasion tests utilizing the rotary platform abraser maybe subject to variation due to chang
25、es in the abradant duringthe course of specific tests. Depending on abradant type andtest specimen, the abrading wheel surface may become cloggeddue to the adhesion of wear debris generated during the test tothe surface of the abrasive wheel. To provide more consistentresults, the abrading wheels sh
26、ould be cleaned and resurfacedat regularly defined intervals.FIG. 1 Rotary Platform AbraserC1803 1526. Apparatus6.1 Rotary Platform Abraser3, as described in Guide G195(see Figs. 1 and 2).6.1.1 Extension Nut (optional), such as model S-213forsecuring specimens that are 6.5 to 13.0 mm in thickness.6.
27、1.2 Specimen Holder (optional), including drive pins andsliding mounts in place of the centrally located threaded postand nut, may be used to eliminate the need for a center hole inthe test specimen. Model E140-193has been found satisfactoryfor this purpose.6.2 Abrasive Wheels3, attached to the free
28、 end of the pivotedarms and able to rotate freely about horizontal spindles. Theabrasive wheels shall be either vitrified or resilient based,consisting of hard particles embedded in a binder material. Thewheels shall be 12.7 60.3 mm thick and have an externaldiameter of 51.9 60.5 mm when new, and in
29、 no case less than44.4 mm. The running surface of the wheels shall be 90 to theside. When not in use, store the wheels according to themanufacturers recommendations.6.3 Wheel Refacer, with a diamond tool for resurfacingvitrified wheels or correcting out of round wheels.6.4 Stiff Bristle Nylon Brush,
30、 to remove debris from theabrasive wheels during testing and loose particles from thesurface of the specimen after testing.6.5 Balance, with an accuracy of at least 1 mg.7. Specimen Preparation7.1 At least three replicate specimens shall comprise a testresult.7.1.1 For evaluating the effectiveness o
31、f a treatment, at leastthree replicate specimens for each treatment shall be comparedwith at least three control (untreated) specimens using the samemortar, method of preparation, and curing regimen.7.2 MaterialsIt is the intent of this guide to allow for theabrasion testing of mortars, provided bot
32、h surfaces of thespecimen are plane and parallel.7.2.1 The methods of specimen fabrication and curingregimens shall be agreed to by the interested parties.7.2.2 A standard mortar, as agreed upon by the interestedparties, shall be used if a treatment is to be applied to themortar surface. Only fine a
33、ggregate as defined by SpecificationC33/C33M is to be used, unless otherwise agreed to by theinterested parties.NOTE 2The mortar proportions defined in Test Method C109/C109Mhave been found to be acceptable as a standard mortar for many tests. Ifcoarse aggregate is present, test results will be cont
34、rolled more by theabrasion resistance of the aggregate rather than the abrasion resistance ofthe mortar.7.2.3 If the specimen surfaces are not plane and parallel,grind the surface not to be tested.7.3 Specimen SizeSpecimens shall be approximately 100mm square or round, and have a thickness no greate
35、r than 13.0mm. If specimen thickness does not meet the statedrequirement, the surface that is not to be tested shall be ground.3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Taber Industries, 455 Bryant Street, North Tonawanda, NY 14120.FIG. 2 Central Axis of the S
36、pecimen TurntableC1803 1537.3.1 To secure to specimen turntables with a threaded post,specimens up to 6.5 mm thickness shall have a center hole of6.5 mm; and specimens that are 6.5 to 13.0 mm thick shall havea center hole of 10 mm to accept the S-21 extension nut. Thecenter hole may be drilled or ca
37、st.7.4 Surface TreatmentIf required, apply and cure surfacetreatment in accordance with the manufacturersrecommendations, unless otherwise agreed upon by the inter-ested parties.8. Standardization of Abrasive Wheels8.1 To ensure the abrading function of the abrasive wheelsis maintained, use the whee
38、l refacer to resurface the vitrifiedwheels prior to testing each specimen. If resilient type wheelsare used, resurface the wheels in accordance with Guide G195.WarningDo not handle the abrading surface of the wheelsafter they are resurfaced.NOTE 3Depending on the composition of the mortar or treatme
39、nt, therunning surface of vitrified wheels may become clogged during the test.To determine if resurfacing is necessary during the test, plot the total massloss every 50 cycles (see Appendix X1 for additional information ondetermining mass loss). If a significant decrease in slope is observed, thisin
40、dicates the wheel surface may be becoming clogged with debris andresurfacing is necessary.8.2 During testing, abrasive wheels may become crownedor rounded. A square may be used to check for this condition.A wheel with any gap greater than 0.5 mm shall be correctedusing the wheel refacer.9. Condition
41、ing9.1 Cure specimens as agreed upon by the interested parties.Laboratories shall use the same curing regimen if an interlabo-ratory comparison is to be conducted.10. Procedure10.1 Record the temperature and humidity at time of testing.It is recommended that specimens are tested in a standardlaborat
42、ory atmosphere of 23 6 2C and 50 6 5% relativehumidity.10.2 Use the specified wheel type as agreed upon by theinterested parties. If no wheel is specified, use the vitrifiedwheel designated H-22. Ensure the abrading wheels have beenresurfaced according to 8.1. Mount the wheels on theirrespective fla
43、nged holders, taking care not to handle the wheelsby their abrasive surfaces.NOTE 4H-22 wheels have been found satisfactory for most testing.Other wheels that may be of interest include the less aggressive H-18vitrified wheels or CS-17 resilient wheels.10.3 Affix the auxiliary weights marked 1000-g
44、to theweight mounts of the pivoted arms, unless otherwise specifiedby the interested parties. Accessory weight values are per arm(not combined) and include the mass of the pivoted arm but notthe mass of the wheel itself.10.4 Depending on the type of evaluation criteria beingutilized (Section 11 or A
45、ppendix X1), it may be necessary tomeasure and record specific parameters of the unabradedspecimen prior to conducting the test. The parameters to bemeasured shall be agreed to by the interested parties.10.5 Mount the test specimen on the turntable platform withthe side to be abraded facing up. For
46、specimens with a centerhole, secure the nut in place to hold the specimen. If specimenthickness is greater than 6.5 mm but less than 13.0 mm, anextension nut as described in 6.1.1 may be used to secure thespecimen to the turntable platform.10.6 Adjust the vacuum pick-up nozzle to a distance of 361 m
47、m above the specimen surface. Adjust the vacuumsuction to 100 to produce a suction of 13.7 kPa or greater asmeasured by a vacuum gage at the vacuum pick-up nozzle port.10.7 Lower the abrading heads onto the surface of thespecimen. Reset the counter to zero.10.8 Start the rotary platform abraser and
48、subject the speci-men to abrasion for 200 cycles, or as agreed upon by theinterested parties. For more robust materials or surfacetreatments, subject the test specimen to abrasion for 1000cycles or as agreed upon by the interested parties.10.8.1 After every 50 cycles, use a stiff bristle brush to cl
49、eanthe running surface of vitrified abrading wheels (such as H-22or H-18). If a plot of mass loss versus cycles demonstrates theresults are linear, less frequent brushing is permitted if agreedupon by the interested parties. See Note 3.10.8.2 If determining cycles to a specific end point asdescribed in 11.2, it may be necessary to stop the instrument atintervals during the test to examine the test specimen.10.8.3 The rate of wear may be calculated from a plot byevaluating the test specimen periodically during testing, withthe frequency to be determined by the inter
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