1、Designation: C1848 17C1848 17aStandard Practice forInstallation of High-Pressure Spray Polyurethane FoamInsulation for the Building Enclosure1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1848; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the installation of high-pressure spray polyurethane foam (SPF) as
3、an insulation for building enclosureassemblies including: walls, ceilings, attics, floors, and crawl spaces. This practice does not apply to SPF used strictly as acomponent for an air barrier system or for SPF used in roofing applications.1.2 Building design criteria and selection of SPF are beyond
4、the scope of this practice.1.3 The use of SPF insulation covered by this practice is typically regulated by building codes or other agencies that addressfire performance. Where required the fire performance of the material shall be addressed through standard fire test methodsestablished by the appro
5、priate governing documents.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of
6、this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished i
7、n the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationD4263 Test Method for In
8、dicating Moisture in Concrete by the Plastic Sheet MethodD4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differences Between Surfaces of Similar AppearanceD4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion TestersD5469 Guide for Application of New Spray Applied Polyurethane
9、 Foam and Coated Roofing SystemsD6226 Test Method for Open Cell Content of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD7425 Specification for Spray Polyurethane Foam Used for Roofing Applications2.2 European Standard:3EN 14315-2:2013 Thermal insulating products for buildings - In-situ formed sprayed rigid polyurethane
10、(PUR) andpolyisocyanurate (PIR) foam products - Part 2: Specification for the installed insulation products2.3 Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC):4SSPC SP 1 Society for Protective Coatings: Solvent CleaningSSPC SP 6 Society for Protective Coatings: Commercial Blast Cleaning2.4 Spray Polyurethane
11、 Foam Alliance (SPFA):5SPFA-119 Glossary of TermsSPFA-137 Spray Polyurethane Equipment Guidelines1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 on Insulation Systems.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017Se
12、pt. 1, 2017. Published March 2017November 2017. Originally approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 2017 asC1848 17. DOI: 10.1520/C1848-17.10.1520/C1848-17A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual
13、Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu.4 Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 800 Trumbul
14、l Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15205, http:/www.sspc.org.5 Available from Spray Polyurethane Foam Alliance (SPFA), 3927 Old Lee Hwy. #101B, Fairfax, VA 22030, http:/www.sprayfoam.org/.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what chan
15、ges have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the offic
16、ial document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1SPFA-143 Primers: Why, When and How to Use ThemSPFA-148 Spray Polyurethane Foam Insulation Installation Certificate3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Termi
17、nology C168.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 Specific Definitions per SPFA-119:3.2.2 lift, nthe sprayed polyurethane foam resulting from passes of foam in a specific area, as defined by its thickness and thearea.3.2.3 pass, nthe amount of coating or polyurethane foam applied by moving the gun from side to side
18、 and moving away fromfresh material, delineated by its width, length, and thickness.4. Classifications4.1 Low-Pressure Spray Polyurethane FoamSpray polyurethane foam where the plural components (A- and B- side) aredelivered a pressure of less than 1.72 MPa (250 psi), at a rate between 2.3 and 3.2 kg
19、/min (5 and 7 up to 6.4 kg/min (10 lb/min)wherein the liquid components are mechanically mixed using a static mixing nozzle. Components are typically delivered inpressurized tanks.4.2 High-Pressure Spray Polyurethane FoamSpray polyurethane foam where the where the plural components (A- and B-side) B
20、-side) are delivered at a pressure between 3.45 and 8.96 MPa (500 and 1300 psi), at a rate up to 13.6 kg/min (30 lb/min)wherein the liquid components are aerosolized and impingement mixed outside of the spray gun.NOTE 1Both classes of plural components spray polyurethane foam are defined in this sta
21、ndard to identify their differences.This standard only appliesto installation of high-pressure spray polyurethane foam.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice outlines general procedures that are recommended for correct installation of spray polyurethane foam (SPF)as an insulation in the building e
22、nclosure including; walls, ceilings, attics, floors, crawl spaces, attics and foundations.NOTE 2SPF roofing installations are not covered by this document. Users may wish to consult Guide D5469 and Specification D7425.5.2 This practice is not all-inclusive; this practice is intended only to suppleme
23、nt detailed instructions from manufacturers, SPFindustry best practices and safety requirements as may be established by law.6. Substrate Requirements6.1 General Requirements:6.1.1 Installation of SPF in buildings or structures shall conform to the requirements of the applicable construction codes,r
24、egulations and standards as adopted and enforced by the relevant authority having jurisdiction or local code official.6.1.2 Substrate materials to receive SPF should be physically stable and resistant to movement or excessive flexure relative tothe building structure.6.1.3 All substrates to receive
25、SPF should be clean, dry and free of contaminants that may cause poor adhesion of the SPF.NOTE 3If in doubt of the potential adhesion, spray a section of the substrate with SPF and test the adhesion in accordance with SPF industryguidelines.An example of a typical SPF field adhesion test procedure i
26、s provided in Test Method D4541. To assure proper bonding of SPF to the substrate,the failure surface should indicate a cohesive failure of the SPF.6.2 Metal:6.2.1 Primed or coated metal substrates should be free of dirt, loose scale, rust, weathered or chalked coatings. Such substratesshould be cle
27、aned using suitable means.NOTE 4Suitable means may include, but are not limited to, clean and dry compressed air, vacuum equipment, and hand or power tools.6.2.2 Grease, oil or other contaminants should be removed with suitable cleaning solutions. An example of a specification forsolvent cleaning of
28、 metal surfaces is provided by SSPC SP 1.6.2.3 Fine condensation on some metal substrates may be difficult to visually detect. Consider using moisture-detection paper(cobalt-chloride strips) to check for condensation when metal substrate temperatures are close to the atmospheric dew pointtemperature
29、.6.2.4 Thick metal substrates, such as structural steel and walls of pressure vessels can act as a heat sink. In these cases, consultmanufacturer installation instructions (MII) or contact the SPF manufacturer.6.2.5 If the cleaned metal substrate does not allow for adequate adhesion of the SPF, prim
30、ers may be needed and installed inaccordance with the primer and the SPFMII. Guidance for primer selection can be found in SPFA-143.C1848 17a26.2.5.1 Ferrous MetalSandblasting is recommended for iron and steel surfaces that are not shop primed, painted, or otherwiseprotected. Remove loose rust and u
31、nsound primer from shop-primed iron and steel surfaces.The sandblasted area should be primedthe same day using an SPF-compatible primer. An example of a specification for abrasive blast cleaning procedures and conditionof steel surfaces is provided by SSPC SP 6.6.2.5.2 Non-Ferrous MetalSPF Installer
32、 should clean and prime all surfaces (if required) as recommended by primer or SPFmanufacturer, or both.6.3 Concrete or Masonry:6.3.1 SPF installer should verify the concrete or masonry surfaces are clean, and free of contaminants that can affect adhesion.Existing concrete should be free of spalling
33、, scaling, loose coatings, efflorescence and other conditions that affect adhesion.6.3.2 SPF Installer should verify the concrete is dry to obtain good adhesion of the primer or SPF, or both. Consider using TestMethod D4263 or other reliable method approved by the SPF and primer manufacturer to chec
34、k concrete moisture.6.3.3 SPF installer should verify that any newly poured concrete has cured before application of SPF or primer.NOTE 5Most new poured concrete requires a 28-day cure time unless the concrete is specifically designed for a shorter cure time.6.3.4 Thick concrete substrates can act a
35、s a heat sink. In these cases, consult MII or contact the SPF manufacturer.6.3.5 Primer (as may be required) should be applied as recommended by the primer and SPF manufacturer.6.4 Wood:6.4.1 The SPF installer should verify the wood surface is clean, dry and free of contaminants that can affect adhe
36、sion.6.4.2 Wood substrates should typically have a surface moisture content no greater than 18 % as measured in accordance withTest Method D4449. Field measurements may be obtained with hand held moisture meters.6.4.3 Treated wood (for insects or water resistance) may provide poor adhesion and shoul
37、d be evaluated for adhesion. If aprimer is required, it should be applied as recommended by the primer and SPF manufacturer.6.5 Interior Cladding Board (gypsum board, fiberboard, fiber-reinforced gypsum board, etc.):6.5.1 SPF installer to verify surfaces are clean, dry and free of contaminants that
38、can affect adhesion.6.5.2 Primer, if required, shall be applied as recommended by primer or SPF manufacturer, or both.7. Equipment7.1 SPF shall be metered and mixed through equipment capable of providing a fixed volumetric ratio of equal parts of A-side(isocyanate) and B-side (polyol blend) chemical
39、s, with an accuracy of 62 % by volume at the temperature ranges specified by theMII. The A and B side chemicals shall be provided by a single supplier and designed to work as a matched system. Typicalequipment for high-pressure SPF application is shown in Fig. 1, and described in detail in SPFA-137.
40、7.2 SPF foam ratio control should be monitored by proportioner equipment, which indicates constant pressure and also byobserving the uniform color and spray pattern of the spray applied foam.7.3 SPF equipment shall provide temperature control of the A and B components to within an accuracy of 2.8C (
41、5F).8. Installation Personnel8.1 Installation of high-pressure SPF requires training and experience. All SPF installers should be trained on the properoperation of the equipment and installation of the SPF materials. Training may be provided by manufacturers, distributors orthird-party organizations
42、. Certifications or licensing programs, or both, may be available.9. Safety Requirements9.1 All handling, storage and installation safety precautions shall be as defined by the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and otherapplicable documents provided by the material supplier.9.2 SPF installers shall conform to
43、 all applicable state, local and federal government regulations and SPF industry best practices,including use of appropriate engineering controls and personal protective equipment during and shortly after SPF installation. Allpersonnel inside the designated spray zone must wear proper personal prote
44、ctive equipment. Other trades must be kept outside ofthe spray zone until it is deemed safe to re-enter. Re-entry time should be clearly posted on warning signage at all entry pointsto the spray zone.NOTE 6Designated spray zone is a clearly-marked isolated volume that is properly ventilated during a
45、nd shortly after SPF installation.NOTE 7The time to re-enter or re-occupy the spay zone should be specified by the SPF manufacturer. If this time is not provided by the manufacturer,the time to re-enter or re-occupy the spray zone shall be 24 h.9.3 Prior to installation, SPF contractor shall review
46、all safety requirements for SPF installation with building owner, generalcontractor and other trades.10. Products10.1 Spray Polyurethane FoamThe SPF contractor should procure and install the SPF products as specified in the constructiondocuments, architectural specifications or contract.C1848 17a310
47、.2 Labeling and Marking:10.2.1 The SPF contractor should record the names all products and their manufacturers used, including lot or batch number,or both, and provide this information to the customer on the insulation installation certificate (see 12.3).10.2.2 The SPF contractor should ensure all l
48、iquid components used for the SPF application are obtained from one manufactureras a matched system, and they are within their shelf life, when applicable.11. Protective Coverings11.1 Depending on specific project requirements, a protective coating or covering may be needed over the exposed foamsurf
49、aces. For example, building codes may require fire protective coating or covering, or improved durability may require aUV-resistant polymeric coating. The selection and application of these materials is beyond the scope of this practice.12. SPF Application Requirements12.1 The SPF liquid components shall be processed in accordance with the MII for material temperature, pressure, equipmentand spray gun configuration.12.2 The SPF shall be installed according to the MII for temperature, humidity, and other environmental conditions.12.3 Closed Cell SPF:12.3.1 The
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